python 多配置文件使用 python写配置文件

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mob64ca1411e411 2024-06-26 15:16:17

文章标签 python 多配置文件使用 python写配置文件方法 python 配置文件 Python 文章分类 Python 后端开发

ini文件的格式参照了这里

也参考了Python的ConfigParser模块的文档

IniFileParser.py#!C:\Python24\python.exe

import re
import string
NoSectionException = 'NoSectionException'
NoKeyException = 'NoKeyException'
class IniFileParser:
'''parse ini file described in . no functions for write, only read. :)'''
def __init__(self):
self.section_obj = dict()
def load(self, filename):
f = open(filename, 'r')
while 1:
line = f.readline()
if not line: break
line = line.strip('\n')
line = line.strip()
# skip comments
if line == "" or line.startswith(';') or line.startswith('#'):
continue
match_section = re.compile(r'^\[([\w\s\.]*)\]$').match(line)
if match_section:   # section name line
line = match_section.group(1) # get section name
sec_keys = dict()
self.section_obj[line] = sec_keys
else:               # key=value line
re_comment = re.compile(r'[;#].*')
line = re_comment.sub('', line) # remove comments in line
[key, value] = map(string.strip, line.split('=', 1))
sec_keys[key] = value
f.close()
def sections(self):
result = self.section_obj.keys()
result.sort()
return result
def has_section(self, section):
return section in self.section_obj.keys()
def keys(self, section):
if not self.has_section(section): raise NoSectionException
result = self.section_obj[section].keys()
result.sort()
return result
def has_key(self, section, key):
return self.section_obj[section].has_key(key)
def get_value(self, section, key):
if not self.has_section(section): raise NoSectionException
if not self.has_key(section, key): raise NoKeyException
return self.section_obj[section][key]
Unit Test: TestIniFileParser.py#!C:\Python24\python.exe
import unittest
from IniFileParser import *
class TestIniFileParser(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
self.ini = IniFileParser()
self.ini.load('test.ini')
def testsections(self):
self.assertEqual(self.ini.sections(), ['section1', 'section2'])
def testhassections(self):
self.assertTrue(self.ini.has_section('section1'))
self.assertTrue(self.ini.has_section('section2'))
self.assertFalse(self.ini.has_section('section3'))
def testkeys(self):
self.assertEqual(self.ini.keys('section1'), ['var1', 'var2'])
self.assertEqual(self.ini.keys('section2'), ['var1', 'var2'])
self.assertRaises(NoSectionException, self.ini.keys, 'section3')
def testhaskey(self):
self.assertTrue(self.ini.has_key('section1', 'var1'))
self.assertTrue(self.ini.has_key('section1', 'var2'))
self.assertTrue(self.ini.has_key('section2', 'var1'))
self.assertTrue(self.ini.has_key('section2', 'var2'))
def testgetvalue(self):
self.assertEqual(self.ini.get_value('section1', 'var1'), 'foo')
self.assertEqual(self.ini.get_value('section1', 'var2'), 'doodle')
self.assertEqual(self.ini.get_value('section2', 'var1'), 'baz')
self.assertEqual(self.ini.get_value('section2', 'var2'), 'shoodle')
self.assertRaises(NoSectionException, self.ini.get_value, 'section3', 'var1')
self.assertRaises(NoKeyException, self.ini.get_value, 'section1', 'var3')
if __name__ == '__main__':
#unittest.main()
suite = unittest.makeSuite(TestIniFileParser)
unittest.TextTestRunner(verbosity=2).run(suite)
ini file for test: test.ini

引用：[section1]

; some comment on section1
var1 = foo
var2 = doodle ; some comment on section1.var2
[section2]
# some comment on section2
var1 = baz # some comment on section2.var1
var2 = shoodle
# [section3]
# var1 = bar
; var2 =
################################################

python读写ini配置文件

ixamail.ini
[host]
smtp_server=smtp.126.com
smtp_username=aspphp
smtp_password=123456
[task]
task_url=
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import ConfigParser
config = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
config.readfp(open('ixamail.ini))
a = config.get("host","smtp_server")
print a

写文件也简单

import ConfigParser
config = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
# set a number of parameters
config.add_section("book")
config.set("book", "title", "the python standard library")
config.set("book", "author", "fredrik lundh")
config.add_section("ematter")
config.set("ematter", "pages", 250)
# write to file
config.write(open('1.ini', "w"))

修改也可以

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import ConfigParser
config = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
config.read('1.ini')
a = config.add_section("md5")
config.set("md5", "value", "1234")
config.write(open('1.ini', "r+")) #可以把r+改成其他方式，看看结果:)
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import ConfigParser
config = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
config.read('1.ini')
config.set("md5", "value", "kingsoft") #这样md5就从1234变成kingsoft了
config.write(open('1.ini', "r+"))
#####################################################

本文主要讲述的是python 读写配置文件的例子以及相关代码的介绍，以及如何修改配置中的变量的值，以下是相关的介绍。

python 读写配置文件在实际应用中具有十分强大的功能，在实际的操作中也有相当简捷的操作方案，以下的文章就是对python 读写配置文件的具体方案的介绍，望你浏览完下面的文章会有所收获。

python 读写配置文件ConfigParser模块是python自带的读取配置文件的模块.通过他可以方便的读取配置文件. 这篇文章简单介绍一下python 读写配置文件的方法.

配置文件.顾名思议就是存放配置的文件.下面是个例子[info]

age=21
name=chen
sex=male

其中[ ] 中的info是这段配置的名字下面age,name都是属性下面的代码演示了如何读取python 读写配置文件.和修改配置中变量的值

from __future__ import with_statement
import ConfigParser
config=ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
with open(''testcfg.cfg'',''rw'') as cfgfile:
config.readfp(cfgfile)
name=config.get(''info'',''name'')
age=config.get(''info'',''age'')
print name
print age
config.set(''info'',''sex'',''male'')
config.set(''info'',''age'',''21'')
age=config.get(''info'',''age'')
print name
print age

首先config=ConfigParser.ConfigParser()

得到一个配置config对象.下面打开一个配置文件 cfgfile. 用readfp()读取这个文件.这样配置的内容就读到config对象里面了.接下来一个问题是如何读取值.常用的方法是get() 和getint() . get()返回文本. getint()返回整数name=config.get(''info'',''name'')

意思就是.读取config中info段中的name变量值.最后讲讲如何设置值.使用set(段名,变量名,值) 来设置变量.config.set(''info'',''age'',''21'') 表示把info段中age变量设置为21. 就这么简单. 以上就是对python 读写配置文件的相关介绍。#####################################################################

python优秀的库资源确实很多，最近发现了一个简单而又强大的读写配置文件的lib，地址在这里，我觉得最大的亮点在于自带的格式校验功能，并且支持复杂的嵌套格式，而且使用起来也相当的简便，按教程来如下：

读文件

Python代码

fromconfigobjimportConfigObj
config = ConfigObj(filename)
#
value1 = config['keyword1']
value2 = config['keyword2']
#
section1 = config['section1']
value3 = section1['keyword3']
value4 = section1['keyword4']
#
# you could also write
value3 = config['section1']['keyword3']
value4 = config['section1']['keyword4']from configobj import ConfigObj
config = ConfigObj(filename)
#
value1 = config['keyword1']
value2 = config['keyword2']
#
section1 = config['section1']
value3 = section1['keyword3']
value4 = section1['keyword4']
#
# you could also write
value3 = config['section1']['keyword3']
value4 = config['section1']['keyword4']

写文件

Python代码

fromconfigobjimportConfigObj
config = ConfigObj()
config.filename = filename
#
config['keyword1'] = value1
config['keyword2'] = value2
#
config['section1'] = {}
config['section1']['keyword3'] = value3
config['section1']['keyword4'] = value4
#
section2 = {
'keyword5': value5,
'keyword6': value6,
'sub-section': {
'keyword7': value7
}
}
config['section2'] = section2
#
config['section3'] = {}
config['section3']['keyword 8'] = [value8, value9, value10]
config['section3']['keyword 9'] = [value11, value12, value13]
#
config.write()from configobj import ConfigObj
config = ConfigObj()
config.filename = filename
#
config['keyword1'] = value1
config['keyword2'] = value2
#
config['section1'] = {}
config['section1']['keyword3'] = value3
config['section1']['keyword4'] = value4
#
section2 = {
'keyword5': value5,
'keyword6': value6,
'sub-section': {
'keyword7': value7
}
}
config['section2'] = section2
#
config['section3'] = {}
config['section3']['keyword 8'] = [value8, value9, value10]
config['section3']['keyword 9'] = [value11, value12, value13]
#
config.write()

更详细的信息可以参阅下doc，蛮详尽的

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