1. 代码运行情况
*****************************************************
代码会自动分配所有学生到每个班，并自动生成每个班级的表格
1. 每个班级男女生数量尽可能平均
2. 每个班级每个分段人数尽可能相等
3. 每个班级之间的所有科目平均分尽可能相近
4. 允许对每个人预设班级
* 分班采用随机算法，每次运行会尝试 20 次计算挑选最小值，多次运算代码可能会得到不同的结果
*****************************************************
需要提供的excel表格内的列大致分为三段：
(姓名 性别) (语文 数学 英语 科学 总分) (预设班级)
1. 姓名、性别等信息 ； 2. 成绩 ； 3. 预设班级
*****************************************************
1. 姓名、性别等信息: 可以添加 '姓名' '学号' 等信息，这些信息不会影响结果
信息的顺序没有影响，但是此段内容最后一列必须是性别
'性别' 的值只能是 '男' 或者 '女'
2. 成绩：顺序无关，但是必须以总分结尾
3. 预设班级: 可选是否存在，需要预设分分班的人后面用数字标明需要分班到哪个班级即可
注意此列需要使用阿拉伯数字即 1,2,3,4...
且预设班级的数值应该是 [1,分班数量] 区间内的数字
不可以超过分班数量
*****************************************************
举例1：姓名 性别 语文 数学 英语 科学 总分 预设班级
举例2：学号 姓名 性别 数学 语文 英语 科学 总分 预设班级
举例3：姓名 学号 性别 语文 数学 科学 英语 总分
*****************************************************
此项目开源仅仅是为了交流学习，请自觉遵守法律以及道德规范，请勿将其用于商业用途！
有任何问题可以联系QQ470585226
---by jnxxhzz
杭州二中白马湖学校
2. 需要提供的excel格式
这里 列A , B A,BA,B 为第一部分内容，列C D E F G CDEFGCDEFG 为第二部分内容，列H HH 为可选内容
其中第一部分内容必须以 "性别"列 结尾，前面的内容可以随意增加，顺序无关
其中第二部分内容必须跟在 “性别” 列之后，全部为每门课的成绩分数，以 "总分"列结尾，其中课程数量可以随意增加，顺序无关
其中第三部分内容为可选内容，若需要预设班级则添加此列，在需要预设班级的人后面标上班级即可，注意若需要分为 6 66 个班，预设班级的数字范围应该是 1 ∼ 6 1\sim61∼6
3. 最终结果
最终会在代码目录下生成 F i n a l l _ p l a n . x l s Finall\_plan.xlsFinall_plan.xls 文件，文件内即为最终方案，每个班级的名单以及全校的总情况
4. 算法实现
代码整体采用的是随机化算法
主要步骤分 5 55 步
将所有人按分数排序
S SS 型分班将所有人分成对应需求的 n e e d _ c l a s s need\_classneed_class 个班级(即按照 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 6 , 5 , 4 , 3 , 2 , 1..... 1,2,3,4,5,6,6,5,4,3,2,1.....1,2,3,4,5,6,6,5,4,3,2,1..... 的顺序分班)。同时将所有人打上分段标记(即 l e v e l levellevel 也就是排名前多少人分为一段,此处默认选择 n e e d _ c l a s s need\_classneed_class 超过 30 3030 的最小倍数)
调整预设班级，若有人存在预设班级而本人不在对应班级，则跟对应班级同 l e v e l levellevel 的人交换，后序所有交换中不允许交换有预设班级的人
调整每个班级的男女数量(四种情况分别配平，交换男女时保证只能交换同分数段的人)
男女都超过高平均值的两个班级互换
女生超过高平均值的班级和男生超过低平均值的班级互换 (男生班级人数会变成高平均值)
男生超过高平均值的班级和女超过低平均值的班级互换 (女班级人数会变成高平均值)
女生低于低平均值的班级和女生等于高平均值班级互换 (男生班级人数会变成低平均值)
随机调整，每次随机挑选两个班，分别枚举两个班的人，若两人 p 1 , p 2 p1,p2p1,p2 满足条件：
性别相同
l e v e l levellevel 相同
没有预设班级
随机在 c h e c k 1 check1check1 和 c h e c k 2 check2check2 中挑选一种，若能满足则交换
c h e c k 1 : check1:check1: 按两个班级的每门课平均分差值是否变小决定是否交换
c h e c k 2 : check2:check2: 按总极差(即所有班级中同一门课的最高平均分减最低平均分之和)是否变小决定是否交换
以上交换共执行 1000 10001000 次，多次测试发现一般最多只能交换几十次,所以一千次一定能使得误差无法再变小,但是因为算法完全随机，所以在任何一次步骤不同都会导致不同的结果，所以考虑随机调整 20 2020 次最终选择误差最小的那一次作为答案,当然 20 2020 次可以根据计算机运行速度以及所需求效率来进行调整，一般一两秒就可以产生结果
5. 代码
将所有人按分数排序
r = Read_Ex()
all_students = r.read_excel()
all_students = sorted(all_students, key=itemgetter('总分'), reverse = True)
need_class = int(input("请输入分班数："))
S SS 型分班将所有人分成对应需求的 n e e d _ c l a s s need\_classneed_class 个班级(即按照 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 6 , 5 , 4 , 3 , 2 , 1..... 1,2,3,4,5,6,6,5,4,3,2,1.....1,2,3,4,5,6,6,5,4,3,2,1..... 的顺序分班)。同时将所有人打上分段标记(即 l e v e l levellevel 也就是排名前多少人分为一段,此处默认选择 n e e d _ c l a s s need\_classneed_class 超过 30 3030 的最小倍数)
# 初始化每个班级
finall_class = []
every_class = []
for i in range(need_class):
temp_map = {'男':0,'女':0}
temp_list = []
finall_class.append(temp_list)
every_class.append(temp_map)
# 计算分段人数
every_level = (int)(20 / need_class) * need_class
if every_level < 20:
every_level = every_level + need_class
# 蛇形分班 & 标记分段
now_class_number = 0
flag = 1
level_numebr = 1
now_level_number = 0
now_every_level = every_level
boys_number = 0 # 记录男生数量
girls_number = 0 # 记录女生数量
every_level_two = 0
for i in range(len(all_students)):
# 记录男女生数量
if all_students[i]['性别'] == '男':
boys_number = boys_number + 1
every_class[now_class_number]['男'] = every_class[now_class_number]['男'] + 1
else:
girls_number = girls_number + 1
every_class[now_class_number]['女'] = every_class[now_class_number]['女'] + 1
# 标记分段
all_students[i]['分段'] = level_numebr
now_level_number = now_level_number + 1
if now_level_number >= now_every_level:
if i + 1< len(all_students) and all_students[i + 1]['总分'] == all_students[i]['总分']:
now_every_level += need_class
else:
now_level_number = 0
level_numebr = level_numebr + 1
every_level_two = every_level_two + 1
if every_level_two >= 2:
now_every_level = now_every_level + every_level
every_level_two = 0
# 分班
finall_class[now_class_number].append(all_students[i]);
now_class_number = now_class_number + flag
if now_class_number >= need_class or now_class_number < 0:
now_class_number = now_class_number - flag
flag = -flag调整预设班级，若有人存在预设班级而本人不在对应班级，则跟对应班级同 l e v e l levellevel 的人交换，后序所有交换中不允许交换有预设班级的人
# 调整预设班级
if book_key.count('预设班级') != 0:
for i in range(need_class):
for p1 in range(len(finall_class[i])):
go_class = finall_class[i][p1]['预设班级']
if go_class != '' and i != int(go_class) - 1:
go_class = int(go_class) - 1
for p2 in range(len(finall_class[go_class])):
if finall_class[i][p1]['性别'] == finall_class[go_class][p2]['性别']:
finall_class[i][p1], finall_class[go_class][p2] = finall_class[go_class][p2], finall_class[i][p1]
break调整每个班级的男女数量(四种情况分别配平，交换男女时保证只能交换同分数段的人)
def change_sex():
# print(every_boys_number1," ", every_girls_number1)
# print(every_boys_number2," ", every_girls_number2)
# 对男女超过平均值的班级配平男女
# 1. 男女都超过高平均值的两个班级互换
for boys_id in range(need_class):
while every_class[boys_id]['男'] > every_boys_number2:
once_flag = 0
for girls_id in range(need_class):
if boys_id != girls_id and every_class[girls_id]['女'] > every_girls_number2:
# 在 boys_id 班和 girls_id 班中寻找 分段 相同的男女生交换
for boy in range(len(finall_class[boys_id])):
if finall_class[boys_id][boy]['性别'] == '男' \
and ((book_key.count('预设班级') != 0 and finall_class[boys_id][boy]['预设班级'] == '') or book_key.count('预设班级') == 0):
for girl in range(len(finall_class[girls_id])):
if finall_class[girls_id][girl]['性别'] == '女' \
and ((book_key.count('预设班级') != 0 and finall_class[girls_id][girl]['预设班级'] == '') or book_key.count('预设班级') == 0) \
and finall_class[boys_id][boy]['分段'] == finall_class[girls_id][girl]['分段']:
finall_class[boys_id][boy], finall_class[girls_id][girl] = finall_class[girls_id][girl],finall_class[boys_id][boy]
every_class[boys_id]['男'] = every_class[boys_id]['男'] - 1
every_class[boys_id]['女'] = every_class[boys_id]['女'] + 1
every_class[girls_id]['男'] = every_class[girls_id]['男'] + 1
every_class[girls_id]['女'] = every_class[girls_id]['女'] - 1
once_flag = 1;
break
if once_flag == 1:
break
if once_flag == 1:
break
if once_flag == 0:
break
# 2. 女生超过高平均值的班级和男生超过低平均值的班级互换 (男生班级人数会变成高平均值)
for girls_id in range(need_class):
while every_class[girls_id]['女'] > every_girls_number2:
once_flag = 0
for boys_id in range(need_class):
if boys_id != girls_id and every_class[boys_id]['男'] > every_boys_number1:
# 在 boys_id 班和 girls_id 班中寻找 分段 相同的男女生交换
for boy in range(len(finall_class[boys_id])):
if finall_class[boys_id][boy]['性别'] == '男'\
and ((book_key.count('预设班级') != 0 and finall_class[boys_id][boy]['预设班级'] == '') or book_key.count('预设班级') == 0):
for girl in range(len(finall_class[girls_id])):
if finall_class[girls_id][girl]['性别'] == '女' \
and ((book_key.count('预设班级') != 0 and finall_class[girls_id][girl]['预设班级'] == '') or book_key.count('预设班级') == 0) \
and finall_class[boys_id][boy]['分段'] == finall_class[girls_id][girl]['分段']:
finall_class[boys_id][boy], finall_class[girls_id][girl] = finall_class[girls_id][girl],finall_class[boys_id][boy]
every_class[boys_id]['男'] = every_class[boys_id]['男'] - 1
every_class[boys_id]['女'] = every_class[boys_id]['女'] + 1
every_class[girls_id]['男'] = every_class[girls_id]['男'] + 1
every_class[girls_id]['女'] = every_class[girls_id]['女'] - 1
once_flag = 1;
break
if once_flag == 1:
break
if once_flag == 1:
break
if once_flag == 0:
break
# 3. 男生超过高平均值的班级和女超过低平均值的班级互换 (女班级人数会变成高平均值)
for boys_id in range(need_class):
while every_class[boys_id]['男'] > every_boys_number2:
once_flag = 0
for girls_id in range(need_class):
if boys_id != girls_id and every_class[girls_id]['女'] > every_girls_number1:
# 在 boys_id 班和 girls_id 班中寻找 分段 相同的男女生交换
for boy in range(len(finall_class[boys_id])):
if finall_class[boys_id][boy]['性别'] == '男'\
and ((book_key.count('预设班级') != 0 and finall_class[boys_id][boy]['预设班级'] == '') or book_key.count('预设班级') == 0):
for girl in range(len(finall_class[girls_id])):
if finall_class[girls_id][girl]['性别'] == '女' \
and ((book_key.count('预设班级') != 0 and finall_class[girls_id][girl]['预设班级'] == '') or book_key.count('预设班级') == 0) \
and finall_class[boys_id][boy]['分段'] == finall_class[girls_id][girl]['分段']:
finall_class[boys_id][boy], finall_class[girls_id][girl] = finall_class[girls_id][girl],finall_class[boys_id][boy]
every_class[boys_id]['男'] = every_class[boys_id]['男'] - 1
every_class[boys_id]['女'] = every_class[boys_id]['女'] + 1
every_class[girls_id]['男'] = every_class[girls_id]['男'] + 1
every_class[girls_id]['女'] = every_class[girls_id]['女'] - 1
once_flag = 1;
break
if once_flag == 1:
break
if once_flag == 1:
break
if once_flag == 0:
break
# 4. 女生低于低平均值的班级和女生等于高平均值班级互换 (男生班级人数会变成低平均值)
for girls_id in range(need_class):
while every_class[girls_id]['女'] < every_girls_number1 and every_class[girls_id]['男'] > every_boys_number1:
once_flag = 0
for boys_id in range(need_class):
if boys_id != girls_id and every_class[boys_id]['男'] < every_boys_number2 and every_class[boys_id]['女'] > every_girls_number1:
# 在 boys_id 班和 girls_id 班中寻找 分段 相同的男女生交换
for boy in range(len(finall_class[girls_id])):
if finall_class[girls_id][boy]['性别'] == '男'\
and ((book_key.count('预设班级') != 0 and finall_class[girls_id][boy]['预设班级'] == '') or book_key.count('预设班级') == 0):
for girl in range(len(finall_class[boys_id])):
if finall_class[boys_id][girl]['性别'] == '女' \
and ((book_key.count('预设班级') != 0 and finall_class[boys_id][girl]['预设班级'] == '') or book_key.count('预设班级') == 0) \
and finall_class[boys_id][girl]['分段'] == finall_class[girls_id][boy]['分段']:
finall_class[boys_id][girl], finall_class[girls_id][boy] = finall_class[girls_id][boy],finall_class[boys_id][girl]
every_class[boys_id]['男'] = every_class[boys_id]['男'] + 1
every_class[boys_id]['女'] = every_class[boys_id]['女'] - 1
every_class[girls_id]['男'] = every_class[girls_id]['男'] - 1
every_class[girls_id]['女'] = every_class[girls_id]['女'] + 1
once_flag = 1;
break
if once_flag == 1:
break
if once_flag == 1:
break
if once_flag == 0:
break随机调整 , c h e c k 1 check1check1和 c h e c k 2 check2check2 的实现
# 按两个班级的每门课平均分差值是否变小决定是否交换
def check1(max_class_id, p1, min_class_id, p2):
all_range1 = 0
for subject in score_key:
all_range1 = all_range1 + abs(every_class[max_class_id][subject] - every_class[min_class_id][subject])
all_range2 = 0
for subject in score_key:
all_subject = '总分' + subject
temp1_ave = every_class[max_class_id][all_subject] - finall_class[max_class_id][p1][subject] + finall_class[min_class_id][p2][subject]
temp1_ave = temp1_ave / len(finall_class[max_class_id])
temp2_ave = every_class[min_class_id][all_subject] - finall_class[min_class_id][p2][subject] + finall_class[max_class_id][p1][subject]
temp2_ave = temp2_ave / len(finall_class[min_class_id])
all_range2 = all_range2 + abs(temp2_ave - temp1_ave)
# print(all_range1, all_range2)
if all_range2 < all_range1:
return True
else:
return False
# 按总极差变小决定是否交换
def check2(max_class_id, p1, min_class_id, p2):
all_range = 0
all_range1 = 0
for subject in score_key:
all_range1 = all_range1 + abs(every_class[max_class_id][subject] - every_class[min_class_id][subject])
all_range2 = 0
for subject in score_key:
all_subject = '总分' + subject
temp1_ave = every_class[max_class_id][all_subject] - finall_class[max_class_id][p1][subject] + finall_class[min_class_id][p2][subject]
temp1_ave = temp1_ave / len(finall_class[max_class_id])
temp2_ave = every_class[min_class_id][all_subject] - finall_class[min_class_id][p2][subject] + finall_class[max_class_id][p1][subject]
temp2_ave = temp2_ave / len(finall_class[min_class_id])
if temp1_ave > temp2_ave:
temp1_ave, temp2_ave = temp2_ave, temp1_ave
max_score = temp2_ave
min_score = temp1_ave
for i in range(need_class):
if i != max_class_id and i != min_class_id:
if max_score < every_class[i][subject]:
max_score = every_class[i][subject]
if min_score > every_class[i][subject]:
min_score = every_class[i][subject]
all_range = all_range + max_score - min_score
# print(all_range1, all_range2)
return all_range
def change_people(max_class_id, min_class_id, subject):
global finall_all_range
for p1 in range(len(finall_class[max_class_id])):
# 在高分班级中选出高于该科目平均分的人 finall_class[max_class_id][p1]
if finall_class[max_class_id][p1][subject] > every_class[max_class_id][subject]:
for p2 in range(len(finall_class[min_class_id])):
# 预设班级的人不允许交换
if (book_key.count('预设班级') != 0 and finall_class[max_class_id][p1]['预设班级'] == '' and finall_class[min_class_id][p2]['预设班级'] == '') \
or book_key.count('预设班级') == 0:
# 在低分班级中选出低于该科目平均分的人 finall_class[min_class_id][p2]
if finall_class[max_class_id][p1]['性别'] == finall_class[min_class_id][p2]['性别'] \
and finall_class[max_class_id][p1]['分段'] == finall_class[min_class_id][p2]['分段'] \
and finall_class[min_class_id][p2][subject] < every_class[min_class_id][subject]:
# 计算交换后总极差
choice_check = int(random.random() * 2)
checkok = False
if choice_check == 1:
checkok = check1(max_class_id, p1, min_class_id, p2)
else:
temp_all_range = check2(max_class_id, p1, min_class_id, p2)
if temp_all_range < finall_all_range:
checkok = True
# print(temp_range, finall_all_range)
# 若交换后极差变变小则交换
if checkok == True:
finall_class[max_class_id][p1], finall_class[min_class_id][p2] = finall_class[min_class_id][p2], finall_class[max_class_id][p1]
finall_all_range = cal_ave()6. 下载地址
本文章为转载内容，我们尊重原作者对文章享有的著作权。如有内容错误或侵权问题，欢迎原作者联系我们进行内容更正或删除文章。
