Rider 写 unity程序 unity如何写代码

1.作为行为组件的脚本

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class One: MonoBehaviour
{
    void Update()
    {
        if (Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.R))
        {
            GetComponent<Renderer> ().material.color = Color.red;
        }
        if (Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.G))
        {
            GetComponent<Renderer>().material.color = Color.green;
        }
        if (Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.B))
        {
            GetComponent<Renderer>().material.color = Color.blue;
        }
    }
}

2.变量和函数

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class Two: MonoBehaviour
{   
    int myInt = 5;
    
    
    void Start ()
    {
        myInt = MultiplyByTwo(myInt);
        Debug.Log (myInt);
    }
    
    
    int MultiplyByTwo (int number)
    {
        int ret;
        ret = number * 2;
        return ret;
    }
}

3.约定和语法

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class Three: MonoBehaviour
{
    void Start ()
    {
        Debug.Log(transform.position.x);
        
        if(transform.position.y <= 5f)
        {
            Debug.Log ("我要撞到地上了!");
        }
    }
}

4.if 语句

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class Four: MonoBehaviour
{
    float coffeeTemperature = 85.0f;
    float hotLimitTemperature = 70.0f;
    float coldLimitTemperature = 40.0f;
    

    void Update ()
    {
        if(Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.Space))
            TemperatureTest();
        
        coffeeTemperature -= Time.deltaTime * 5f;
    }
    
    
    void TemperatureTest ()
    {
        // 如果咖啡的温度高于最热的饮用温度...
        if(coffeeTemperature > hotLimitTemperature)
        {
            // ... 执行此操作。
            print("Coffee is too hot.");
        }
        // 如果不是，但咖啡的温度低于最冷的饮用温度...
        else if(coffeeTemperature < coldLimitTemperature)
        {
            // ... 执行此操作。
            print("Coffee is too cold.");
        }
        // 如果两者都不是，则...
        else
        {
            // ... 执行此操作。
            print("Coffee is just right.");
        }
    }
}

5.Switch 语句

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class Fiv: MonoBehaviour 
{
    public int intelligence = 5;
    
    
    void Greet()
    {
        switch (intelligence)
        {
        case 5:
            print ("Why hello there good sir! Let me teach you about Trigonometry!");
            break;
        case 4:
            print ("Hello and good day!");
            break;
        case 3:
            print ("Whadya want?");
            break;
        case 2:
            print ("Grog SMASH!");
            break;
        case 1:
            print ("Ulg, glib, Pblblblblb");
            break;
        default:
            print ("Incorrect intelligence level.");
            break;
        }
    }
}

6.循环

ForLoop

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class ForLoop : MonoBehaviour
{
    int numEnemies = 3;
    
    
    void Start ()
    {
        for(int i = 0; i < numEnemies; i++)
        {
            Debug.Log("Creating enemy number: " + i);
        }
    }
}

WhileLoop

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class WhileLoop : MonoBehaviour
{
    int cupsInTheSink = 4;
    
    
    void Start ()
    {
        while(cupsInTheSink > 0)
        {
            Debug.Log ("I've washed a cup!");
            cupsInTheSink--;
        }
    }
}

DoWhileLoop

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class DoWhileLoop : MonoBehaviour 
{
    void Start()
    {
        bool shouldContinue = false;
        
        do
        {
            print ("Hello World");
            
        }while(shouldContinue == true);
    }
}

ForeachLoop

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class ForeachLoop : MonoBehaviour 
{   
    void Start () 
    {
        string[] strings = new string[3];
        
        strings[0] = "First string";
        strings[1] = "Second string";
        strings[2] = "Third string";
        
        foreach(string item in strings)
        {
            print (item);
        }
    }
}

7.作用域和访问修饰符

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class ScopeAndAccessModifiers : MonoBehaviour
{
    public int alpha = 5;
    
    
    private int beta = 0;
    private int gamma = 5;
    
    
    private AnotherClass myOtherClass;
    
    
    void Start ()
    {
        alpha = 29;
        
        myOtherClass = new AnotherClass();
        myOtherClass.FruitMachine(alpha, myOtherClass.apples);
    }
    
    
    void Example (int pens, int crayons)
    {
        int answer;
        answer = pens * crayons * alpha;
        Debug.Log(answer);
    }
    
    
    void Update ()
    {
        Debug.Log("Alpha is set to: " + alpha);
    }
}

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class AnotherClass
{
    public int apples;
    public int bananas;
    
    
    private int stapler;
    private int sellotape;
    
    
    public void FruitMachine (int a, int b)
    {
        int answer;
        answer = a + b;
        Debug.Log("Fruit total: " + answer);
    }
    
    
    private void OfficeSort (int a, int b)
    {
        int answer;
        answer = a + b;
        Debug.Log("Office Supplies total: " + answer);
    }
}

8.Awake 和 Start

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class AwakeAndStart : MonoBehaviour
{
    void Awake ()
    {
        Debug.Log("Awake called.");
    }
    
    
    void Start ()
    {
        Debug.Log("Start called.");
    }
}

9.Update 和 FixedUpdate

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class UpdateAndFixedUpdate : MonoBehaviour
{
    void FixedUpdate ()
    {
        Debug.Log("FixedUpdate time :" + Time.deltaTime);
    }
    
    
    void Update ()
    {
        Debug.Log("Update time :" + Time.deltaTime);
    }
}

10.启用和禁用组件

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class EnableComponents : MonoBehaviour
{
    private Light myLight;
    
    
    void Start ()
    {
        myLight = GetComponent<Light>();
    }
    
    
    void Update ()
    {
        if(Input.GetKeyUp(KeyCode.Space))
        {
            myLight.enabled = !myLight.enabled;
        }
    }
}

11.激活游戏对象

ActiveObjects

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class ActiveObjects : MonoBehaviour
{
    void Start ()
    {
        gameObject.SetActive(false);
    }
}

CheckState

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class CheckState : MonoBehaviour
{
    public GameObject myObject;
    
    
    void Start ()
    {
        Debug.Log("Active Self: " + myObject.activeSelf);
        Debug.Log("Active in Hierarchy" + myObject.activeInHierarchy);
    }
}

12.Translate 和 Rotate

TransformFunctions

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class TransformFunctions : MonoBehaviour
{
    public float moveSpeed = 10f;
    public float turnSpeed = 50f;
    
    
    void Update ()
    {
        if(Input.GetKey(KeyCode.UpArrow))
            transform.Translate(Vector3.forward * moveSpeed * Time.deltaTime);
        
        if(Input.GetKey(KeyCode.DownArrow))
            transform.Translate(-Vector3.forward * moveSpeed * Time.deltaTime);
        
        if(Input.GetKey(KeyCode.LeftArrow))
            transform.Rotate(Vector3.up, -turnSpeed * Time.deltaTime);
        
        if(Input.GetKey(KeyCode.RightArrow))
            transform.Rotate(Vector3.up, turnSpeed * Time.deltaTime);
    }
}

13.Look At

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class CameraLookAt : MonoBehaviour
{
    public Transform target;
    
    void Update ()
    {
        transform.LookAt(target);
    }
}

14.线性插值

在制作游戏时，有时可以在两个值之间进行线性插值。这是通过 Lerp 函数来完成的。线性插值会在两个给定值之间找到某个百分比的值。例如，我们可以在数字 3 和 5 之间按 50% 进行线性插值以得到数字 4。这是因为 4 是 3 和 5 之间距离的 50%。

在 Unity 中，有多个 Lerp 函数可用于不同类型。对于我们刚才使用的示例，与之等效的将是 Mathf.Lerp 函数，如下所示：

// 在此示例中，result = 4

float result = Mathf.Lerp (3f, 5f, 0.5f);

Mathf.Lerp 函数接受 3 个 float 参数：一个 float 参数表示要进行插值的起始值，另一个 float 参数表示要进行插值的结束值，最后一个 float 参数表示要进行插值的距离。在此示例中，插值为 0.5，表示 50%。如果为 0，则函数将返回“from”值；如果为 1，则函数将返回“to”值。

Lerp 函数的其他示例包括 Color.Lerp 和 Vector3.Lerp。这些函数的工作方式与 Mathf.Lerp 完全相同，但是“from”和“to”值分别为 Color 和 Vector3 类型。在每个示例中，第三个参数仍然是一个 float 参数，表示要插值的大小。这些函数的结果是找到一种颜色（两种给定颜色的某种混合）以及一个矢量（占两个给定矢量之间的百分比）。

让我们看看另一个示例：

Vector3 from = new Vector3 (1f, 2f, 3f);
Vector3 to = new Vector3 (5f, 6f, 7f);

// 此处 result = (4, 5, 6)
Vector3 result = Vector3.Lerp (from, to, 0.75f);

在此示例中，结果为 (4, 5, 6)，因为 4 位于 1 到 5 之间的 75% 处，5 位于 2 到 6 之间的 75% 处，而 6 位于 3 到 7 之间的 75% 处。

使用 Color.Lerp 时适用同样的原理。在 Color 结构中，颜色由代表红色、蓝色、绿色和 Alpha 的 4 个 float 参数表示。使用 Lerp 时，与 Mathf.Lerp 和 Vector3.Lerp 一样，这些 float 数值将进行插值。

在某些情况下，可使用 Lerp 函数使值随时间平滑。请考虑以下代码段：

void Update ()
{
    light.intensity = Mathf.Lerp(light.intensity, 8f, 0.5f);
}

如果光的强度从 0 开始，则在第一次更新后，其值将设置为 4。下一帧会将其设置为 6，然后设置为 7，再然后设置为 7.5，依此类推。因此，经过几帧后，光强度将趋向于 8，但随着接近目标，其变化速率将减慢。请注意，这是在若干个帧的过程中发生的。如果我们不希望与帧率有关，则可以使用以下代码：

void Update ()
{
    light.intensity = Mathf.Lerp(light.intensity, 8f, 0.5f * Time.deltaTime);
}

这意味着强度变化将按每秒而不是每帧发生。

请注意，在对值进行平滑时，通常情况下最好使用 SmoothDamp 函数。仅当您确定想要的效果时，才应使用 Lerp 进行平滑。

15.Destroy

删除脚本所挂载的物体

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class DestroyBasic : MonoBehaviour
{
    void Update ()
    {
        if(Input.GetKey(KeyCode.Space))
        {
            Destroy(gameObject);
        }
    }
}

删除其他物体

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class DestroyOther : MonoBehaviour
{
    public GameObject other;
    
    
    void Update ()
    {
        if(Input.GetKey(KeyCode.Space))
        {
            Destroy(other);
        }
    }
}

删除物体上所存在的组件

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class DestroyComponent : MonoBehaviour
{
    void Update ()
    {
        if(Input.GetKey(KeyCode.Space))
        {
            Destroy(GetComponent<MeshRenderer>());
        }
    }
}

16.GetButton 和 GetKey

GetKey

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class KeyInput : MonoBehaviour
{
    public GUITexture graphic;
    public Texture2D standard;
    public Texture2D downgfx;
    public Texture2D upgfx;
    public Texture2D heldgfx;
    
    void Start()
    {
        graphic.texture = standard;
    }
    
    void Update ()
    {
        bool down = Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.Space);
        bool held = Input.GetKey(KeyCode.Space);
        bool up = Input.GetKeyUp(KeyCode.Space);
        
        if(down)
        {
            graphic.texture = downgfx;
        }
        else if(held)
        {
            graphic.texture = heldgfx;
        }
        else if(up)
        {
            graphic.texture = upgfx;
        }
        else
        {
            graphic.texture = standard; 
        }
        
        guiText.text = " " + down + "\n " + held + "\n " + up;
    }
}

GetButton

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class ButtonInput : MonoBehaviour
{
    public GUITexture graphic;
    public Texture2D standard;
    public Texture2D downgfx;
    public Texture2D upgfx;
    public Texture2D heldgfx;
    
    void Start()
    {
        graphic.texture = standard;
    }
    
    void Update ()
    {
        bool down = Input.GetButtonDown("Jump");
        bool held = Input.GetButton("Jump");
        bool up = Input.GetButtonUp("Jump");
        
        if(down)
        {
            graphic.texture = downgfx;
        }
        else if(held)
        {
            graphic.texture = heldgfx;
        }
        else if(up)
        {
            graphic.texture = upgfx;
        }
        else
        {
            graphic.texture = standard;
        }
    
        guiText.text = " " + down + "\n " + held + "\n " + up;
    }
}

17.GetAxis

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class AxisExample : MonoBehaviour
{
    public float range;
    public GUIText textOutput;
    
    
    void Update () 
    {
        float h = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal");
        float xPos = h * range;
        
        transform.position = new Vector3(xPos, 2f, 0);
        textOutput.text = "Value Returned: "+h.ToString("F2");  
    }
}

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class DualAxisExample : MonoBehaviour 
{
    public float range;
    public GUIText textOutput;
    
    
    void Update () 
    {
        float h = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal");
        float v = Input.GetAxis("Vertical");
        float xPos = h * range;
        float yPos = v * range;
        
        transform.position = new Vector3(xPos, yPos, 0);
        textOutput.text = "Horizontal Value Returned: "+h.ToString("F2")+"\nVertical Value Returned: "+v.ToString("F2");    
    }
}

18.OnMouseDown

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class MouseClick : MonoBehaviour
{
    void OnMouseDown ()
    {
        rigidbody.AddForce(-transform.forward * 500f);
        rigidbody.useGravity = true;
    }
}

19.GetComponent

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class UsingOtherComponents : MonoBehaviour
{
    public GameObject otherGameObject;
    
    
    private AnotherScript anotherScript;
    private YetAnotherScript yetAnotherScript;
    private BoxCollider boxCol;
    
    
    void Awake ()
    {
        anotherScript = GetComponent<AnotherScript>();
        yetAnotherScript = otherGameObject.GetComponent<YetAnotherScript>();
        boxCol = otherGameObject.GetComponent<BoxCollider>();
    }
    
    
    void Start ()
    {
        boxCol.size = new Vector3(3,3,3);
        Debug.Log("The player's score is " + anotherScript.playerScore);
        Debug.Log("The player has died " + yetAnotherScript.numberOfPlayerDeaths + " times");
    }
}

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class AnotherScript : MonoBehaviour
{
    public int playerScore = 9001;
}

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class YetAnotherScript : MonoBehaviour
{
    public int numberOfPlayerDeaths = 3;
}

20.DeltaTime

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class UsingDeltaTime : MonoBehaviour
{
    public float speed = 8f; 
    public float countdown = 3.0f;

    
    void Update ()
    {
        countdown -= Time.deltaTime;
        if(countdown <= 0.0f)
            light.enabled = true;
        
         if(Input.GetKey(KeyCode.RightArrow))
            transform.position += new Vector3(speed * Time.deltaTime, 0.0f, 0.0f);
    }   
}

21.数据类型

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class DatatypeScript : MonoBehaviour 
{
    void Start () 
    {
        //值类型变量
        Vector3 pos = transform.position;
        pos = new Vector3(0, 2, 0);
        
        //引用类型变量
        Transform tran = transform;
        tran.position = new Vector3(0, 2, 0);
    }
}

22.数组

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class Arrays : MonoBehaviour
{
    public GameObject[] players;

    void Start ()
    {
        players = GameObject.FindGameObjectsWithTag("Player");
        
        for(int i = 0; i < players.Length; i++)
        {
            Debug.Log("Player Number "+i+" is named "+players[i].name);
        }
    }
}

23.Invoke 延时

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class InvokeScript : MonoBehaviour 
{
    public GameObject target;
    
    
    void Start()
    {
        Invoke ("SpawnObject", 2);
    }
    
    void SpawnObject()
    {
        Instantiate(target, new Vector3(0, 2, 0), Quaternion.identity);
    }
}

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class InvokeRepeating : MonoBehaviour 
{
    public GameObject target;
    
    
    void Start()
    {
        InvokeRepeating("SpawnObject", 2, 1);
    }
    
    void SpawnObject()
    {
        float x = Random.Range(-2.0f, 2.0f);
        float z = Random.Range(-2.0f, 2.0f);
        Instantiate(target, new Vector3(x, 2, z), Quaternion.identity);
    }
}

24.枚举

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class EnumScript : MonoBehaviour 
{
    enum Direction {North, East, South, West};

        void Start () 
    {
        Direction myDirection;
        
        myDirection = Direction.North;
    }
    
    Direction ReverseDirection (Direction dir)
    {
        if(dir == Direction.North)
            dir = Direction.South;
        else if(dir == Direction.South)
            dir = Direction.North;
        else if(dir == Direction.East)
            dir = Direction.West;
        else if(dir == Direction.West)
            dir = Direction.East;
        
        return dir;     
    }
}