概述
Nginx 是使用一个 master 进程来管理多个 worker 进程提供服务。master 负责管理 worker 进程,而 worker 进程则提供真正的客户服务,worker 进程的数量一般跟服务器上 CPU 的核心数相同,worker 之间通过一些进程间通信机制实现负载均衡等功能。Nginx 进程之间的关系可由下图表示:
Nginx 服务启动时会读入配置文件,后续的行为则按照配置文件中的指令进行。Nginx 的配置文件是纯文本文件,默认安装 Nginx 后,其配置文件均在 /usr/local/nginx/conf/ 目录下。其中,nginx.conf 为主配置文件。配置文件中以 # 开始的行,或者是前面有若干空格或者 TAB 键,然后再跟 # 的行,都被认为是注释。这里只是了解主配置文件的结构。
Nginx 配置文件是以 block(块)形式组织,每个 block 都是以一个块名字和一对大括号 “{}” 表示组成,block 分为几个层级,整个配置文件为 main 层级,即最大的层级;在 main 层级下可以有 event、http 、mail 等层级,而 http 中又会有 server block,server block中可以包含 location block。即块之间是可以嵌套的,内层块继承外层块。最基本的配置项语法格式是“配置项名 配置项值1 配置项值2 配置项值3 ... ”;
每个层级可以有自己的指令(Directive),例如 workerprocesses 是一个main层级指令,它指定 Nginx 服务的 Worker 进程数量。有的指令只能在一个层级中配置,如workerprocesses 只能存在于 main 中,而有的指令可以存在于多个层级,在这种情况下,子 block 会继承 父 block 的配置,同时如果子block配置了与父block不同的指令,则会覆盖掉父 block 的配置。指令的格式是“指令名 参数1 参数2 … 参数N;”,注意参数间可用任意数量空格分隔,最后要加分号。
下图是 Nginx 配置文件通常结构图示。
Nginx 服务的基本配置项
Nginx 服务运行时,需要加载几个核心模块和一个事件模块,这些模块运行时所支持的配置项称为基本配置;基本配置项大概可分为以下四类:
- 用于调试、定位的配置项;
- 正常运行的必备配置项;
- 优化性能的配置项;
- 事件类配置项;
各个配置项的具体实现如下:
/ Nginx 服务基本配置项 /
/ 用于调试、定位的配置项 /
以守护进程 Nginx 运行方式
语法:daemon off | on;
默认:daemon on;
master / worker 工作方式
语法:master_process on | off;
默认:master_process on;
error 日志设置
路径 错误级别
语法:error_log /path/file level;
默认:error_log logs/error.log error;
其中/path/file是一个具体文件;level是日志的输出级别,其取值如下:
debug info notice warn error crit alert emerg
从左至右级别增大;若设定一个级别后,则在输出的日志文件中只输出级别大于或等于已设定的级别;
处理特殊调试点
语法:debug_points [stop | abort]
这个设置是来跟踪调试 Nginx 的;
仅对指定的客户端输出 debug 级别的日志
语法:debug_connection [IP | DIR]
限制 coredump 核心转储文件的大小
语法:workerrlimitcore size;
指定 coredump 文件的生成目录
语法:working_directory path;
/ 正常运行的配置项 /
定义环境变量
语法:env VAR | VAR=VALUE;
VAR 是变量名,VALUE 是目录;
嵌入其他配置文件
语法:include /path/file;
include 配置项可以将其他配置文件嵌入到 Nginx 的 nginx.conf 文件中;
pid 的文件路径
语法:pid path/file;
默认:pid logs/nginx.pid;
保存 master 进程 ID 的 pid 文件存放路径;
Nginx worker 运行的用户及用户组
语法:user username [groupname];
默认:user nobody nobody;
指定 Nginx worker进程可打开最大句柄个数
语法:workerrlimitnofile limit;
限制信号队列
语法:workerrlimitsigpending limit;
设置每个用户发给 Nginx 的信号队列大小,超出则丢弃;
/ 优化性能配置项 /
Nginx worker 进程的个数
语法:worker_process number;
默认:worker_process 1;
绑定 Nginx worker 进程到指定的 CPU 内核
语法:workercpuaffinity cpumask [cpumask...]
SSL 硬件加速
语法:ssl_engine device;
系统调用 gettimeofday 的执行频率
语法:timer_resolution t;
Nginx worker 进程优先级设置
语法:worker_priority nice;
默认:worker_priority 0;
/ 事件类配置项 /
一般有以下几种配置:
1、是否打开accept锁
语法格式:accept_mutex [on | off];
2、lock文件的路径
语法格式:lock_file path/file;
3、使用accept锁后到真正建立连接之间的延迟时间
语法格式:acceptmutexdelay Nms;
4、批量建立新连接
语法格式:multi_accept [on | off];
5、选择事件模型
语法格式:use [kqueue | rtisg | epoll | /dev/poll | select | poll | eventport];
6、每个worker进行的最大连接数
语法格式:worker_connections number;
HTTP 核心模块的配置
具体可以参看《Nginx 中 HTTP 核心模块配置》
/ HTTP 核心模块配置的功能 /
/ 虚拟主机与请求分发 /
监听端口
语法:listen address:port[default | default_server | [backlong=num | rcvbuf=size | sndbuf=size |
accept_filter | deferred | bind | ipv6only=[on | off] | ssl]];
默认:listen:80;
说明:
default或default_server:将所在的server块作为web服务的默认server块;当请求无法匹配配置文件中的所有主机名时,就会选择默认的虚拟主机;
backlog=num:表示 TCP 中backlog队列存放TCP新连接请求的大小,默认是-1,表示不予设置;
rcvbuf=size:设置监听句柄SO_RCVBUF的参数;
sndbuf=size:设置监听句柄SO_SNDBUF的参数;
accept_filter:设置accept过滤器,只对FreeBSD操作系统有用;
deferred:设置该参数后,若用户发起TCP连接请求,并且完成TCP三次握手,但是若用户没有发送数据,则不会唤醒worker进程,直到发送数据;
bind:绑定当前端口 / 地址对,只有同时对一个端口监听多个地址时才会生效;
ssl:在当前端口建立的连接必须基于ssl协议;
配置块范围:server
主机名称
语法:server_name name[...];
默认:server_name "";
配置块范围:server
server name 是使用散列表存储的
每个散列桶占用内存大小
语法:servernameshashbucketsize size;
默认:servernameshashbuckersize 32|64|128;
散列表最大bucket数量
语法:servernameshashmaxsize size;
默认:servernameshashmaxsize 512;
默认:servernamein_redirect on;
配置块范围:server、http、location
处理重定向主机名
语法:servernamein_redirect on | off;
默认:servernamein_redirect on;
配置块范围:server、http、location
location语法:location[= | ~ | ~* | ^~ | @] /uri/ {}
配置块范围:server
location尝试根据用户请求中的URI来匹配 /uri表达式,若匹配成功,则执行{}里面的配置来处理用户请求
以下是location的一般配置项
1、以root方式设置资源路径
语法格式:root path;
2、以alias方式设置资源路径
语法格式:alias path;
3、访问首页
语法格式:index file...;
4、根据HTTP返回码重定向页面
语法格式:errorpage code [code...] [= | =answer-code] uri | @namedlocation;
5、是否允许递归使用error_page
语法格式:recursiveerrorpages [on | off];
6、try_files
语法格式:try_files path1 [path2] uri;
/ 文件路径的定义 /
root方式设置资源路径
语法:root path;
默认:root html;
配置块范围:server、http、location、if
以alias方式设置资源路径
语法:alias path;
配置块范围:location
访问主页
语法:index file...;
默认:index index.html;
配置块范围:http、server、location
根据HTTP返回码重定向页面
语法:errorpage code [code...] [= | =answer-code] uri | @namedlocation;
配置块范围:server、http、location、if
是否允许递归使用error_page
语法:recursiveerrorpages [on | off];
配置块范围:http、server、location
try_files
语法:try_files path1 [path2] uri;
配置块范围:server、location
/ 内存及磁盘资源分配 /
HTTP 包体只存储在磁盘文件中
语法:clientbodyinfileonly on | clean | off;
默认:clientbodyinfileonly off;
配置块范围:http、server、location
HTTP 包体尽量写入到一个内存buffer中
语法:clientbodysingle_buffer on | off;
默认:clientbodysingle_buffer off;
配置块范围:http、server、location
存储 HTTP 头部的内存buffer大小
语法:clientheaderbuffer_size size;
默认:clientheaderbuffer_size 1k;
配置块范围:http、server
存储超大 HTTP 头部的内存buffer大小
语法:largeclientheaderbuffersize number size;
默认:largeclientheaderbuffersize 4 8k;
配置块范围:http、server
存储 HTTP 包体的内存buffer大小
语法:clientbodybuffer_size size;
默认:clientbodybuffer_size 8k/16k;
配置块范围:http、server、location
HTTP 包体的临时存放目录
语法:clientbodytemp_path dir-path [level1 [level2 [level3]]];
默认:clientbodytemppath clientbody_temp;
配置块范围:http、server、location
存储 TCP 成功建立连接的内存池大小
语法:connectionpoolsize size;
默认:connectionpoolsize 256;
配置块范围:http、server
存储 TCP 请求连接的内存池大小
语法:requestpoolsize size;
默认:requestpoolsize 4k;
配置块范围:http、server
/ 网络连接设置 /
读取 HTTP 头部的超时时间
语法:clientheadertimeout time;
默认:clientheadertimeout 60;
配置块范围:http、server、location
读取 HTTP 包体的超时时间
语法:clientbodytimeout time;
默认:clientbodytimeout 60;
配置块范围:http、server、location
发送响应的超时时间
语法:send_timeout time;
默认:send_timeout 60;
配置块范围:http、server、location
TCP 连接的超时重置
语法:resettimeoutconnection on | off;
默认:resettimeoutconnection off;
配置块范围:http、server、location
控制关闭 TCP 连接的方式
语法:lingering_close off | on | always;
默认:lingering_close on;
配置块范围:http、server、location
always 表示关闭连接之前无条件处理连接上所有用户数据;
off 表示不处理;on 一般会处理;
lingering_time
语法:lingering_time time;
默认:lingering_time 30s;
配置块范围:http、server、location
lingering_timeout
语法:lingering_timeout time;
默认:lingering_time 5s;
配置块范围:http、server、location
对某些浏览器禁止keepalive功能
语法:keepalive_disable [mise6 | safari | none]...
默认:keepalive_disable mise6 safari;
配置块范围:http、server、location
keepalive超时时间
语法:keepalive_timeout time;
默认:keepalive_timeout 75;
配置块范围:http、server、location
keepalive长连接上允许最大请求数
语法:keepalive_requests n;
默认:keepalive_requests 100;
配置块范围:http、server、location
tcp_nodelay
语法:tcp_nodelay on | off;
默认:tcp_nodelay on;
配置块范围:http、server、location
tcp_nopush
语法:tcp_nopush on | off;
默认:tcp_nopush off;
配置块范围:http、server、location
/ MIME 类型设置 /
MIME type 与文件扩展的映射
语法:type{...}
配置块范围:http、server、location
多个扩展名可映射到同一个 MIME type
默认 MIME type
语法:default_type MIME-type;
默认:default_type text/plain;
配置块范围:http、server、location
typehashbucket_size
语法:typehashbucket_size size;
默认:typehashbucket_size 32 | 64 | 128;
配置块范围:http、server、location
typehashmax_size
语法:typehashmax_size size;
默认:typehashmax_size 1024;
配置块范围:http、server、location
/ 限制客户端请求 /
按 HTTP 方法名限制用户请求
语法:limit_except method...{...}
配置块:location
method 的取值如下:
GET、HEAD、POST、PUT、DELETE、MKCOL、COPY、MOVE、OPTIONS、
PROPFIND、PROPPATCH、LOCK、UNLOCK、PATCH
HTTP 请求包体的最大值
语法:clientmaxbody_size size;
默认:clientmaxbody_size 1m;
配置块范围:http、server、location
对请求限制速度
语法:limit_rate speed;
默认:limit_rate 0;
配置块范围:http、server、location、if
0 表示不限速
limitrateafter规定时间后限速
语法:limitrateafter time;
默认:limitrateafter 1m;
配置块范围:http、server、location、if
/ 文件操作的优化 /
sendfile系统调用
语法:sendfile on | off;
默认:sendfile off;
配置块:http、server、location
AIO 系统调用
语法:aio on | off;
默认:aio off;
配置块:http、server、location
directio
语法:directio size | off;
默认:directio off;
配置块:http、server、location
directio_alignment
语法:directio_alignment size;
默认:directio_alignment 512;
配置块:http、server、location
打开文件缓存
语法:openfilecache max=N [inactive=time] | off;
默认:openfilecache off;
配置块:http、server、location
是否缓存打开文件的错误信息
语法:openfilecache_errors on | off;
默认:openfilecache_errors off;
配置块:http、server、location
不被淘汰的最小访问次数
语法:openfilecacheminuser number;
默认:openfilecacheminuser 1;
配置块:http、server、location
检验缓存中元素有效性的频率
语法:openfilecache_valid time;
默认:openfilecache_valid 60s;
配置块:http、server、location
/ 客户请求的特殊处理 /
忽略不合法的 HTTP 头部
语法:ignoreinvalidheaders on | off;
默认:ignoreinvalidheaders on;
配置块:http、server
HTTP 头部是否允许下划线
语法:underscoresinheaders on | off;
默认:underscoresinheaders off;
配置块:http、server
IfModifiedSince 头部的处理策略
语法:ifmodifiedsince [off | exact | before]
默认:ifmodifiedsince exact;
配置块:http、server、location
文件未找到时是否记录到error日志
语法:lognotfound on | off;
默认:lognotfound on;
配置块:http、server、location
是否合并相邻的“/”
语法:merge_slashes on | off;
默认:merge_slashes on;
配置块:http、server、location
DNS解析地址
语法:resolver address...;
配置块:http、server、location
DNS解析的超时时间
语法:resolver_timeout time;
默认:resolver_timeout 30s;
配置块:http、server、location
返回错误页面是否在server中注明Nginx版本
语法:server_tokens on | off;
默认:server_tokens on;
配置块:http、server、location
以下是在 Ubuntu 12.04 系统成功安装 Nginx 之后的主配置文件:
#Nginx服务器正常启动时会读取该配置文件,以下的值都是默认的,若需要可自行修改;
以下是配置选项
Nginx worker进程运行的用户以及用户组
语法格式:user username[groupname]
user nobody;
Nginx worker 进程个数
worker_processes 1;
error 日志设置
语法格式:error /path/file level
其中/path/file是一个具体文件;level是日志的输出级别,其取值如下:
debug info notice warn error crit alert emerg,从左至右级别增大;
若设定一个级别后,则在输出的日志文件中只输出级别大于或等于已设定的级别;
error_log logs/error.log;
error_log logs/error.log notice;
error_log logs/error.log info;
保存master进程ID的pid文件存放路径
语法格式:pid path/file
pid logs/nginx.pid;
事件类配置项
一般有以下几种配置:
1、是否打开accept锁
语法格式:accept_mutex [on | off];
2、lock文件的路径
语法格式:lock_file path/file;
3、使用accept锁后到真正建立连接之间的延迟时间
语法格式:acceptmutexdelay Nms;
4、批量建立新连接
语法格式:multi_accept [on | off];
5、选择事件模型
语法格式:use [kqueue | rtisg | epoll | /dev/poll | select | poll | eventport];
6、每个worker进行的最大连接数
语法格式:worker_connections number;
events {worker_connections 1024;}
以下是http模块
http {include mime.types;default_type application/octet-stream;
#log_format main <span >'$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '</span>
# <span >'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '</span>
# <span >'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'</span><span >;</span>
#access_log logs<span >/</span>access<span >.</span>log main<span >;</span>
sendfile on<span >;</span>
#tcp_nopush on<span >;</span>
#keepalive_timeout <span >0</span><span >;</span>
keepalive_timeout <span >65</span><span >;</span>
#gzip on<span >;</span>
server块
每个server块就是一个虚拟主机,按照server_name来区分
server {
监听端口
listen 80;
主机名称
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8<span >-</span>r<span >;</span>
#access_log logs<span >/</span>host<span >.</span>access<span >.</span>log main<span >;</span>
#location语法:location<span >[</span><span >=</span> <span >|</span> <span >~</span> <span >|</span> <span >~</span><span >*</span> <span >|</span> <span >^</span><span >~</span> <span >|</span> @<span >]</span> <span >/</span>uri<span >/</span> <span >{</span><span >}</span>
#location尝试根据用户请求中的URI来匹配 <span >/</span>uri表达式,若匹配成功,则执行<span >{</span><span >}</span>里面的配置来处理用户请求
#以下是location的一般配置项
#<span >1</span>、以root方式设置资源路径
# 语法格式:root path<span >;</span>
#<span >2</span>、以alias方式设置资源路径
# 语法格式:alias path<span >;</span>
#<span >3</span>、访问首页
# 语法格式:index file<span >.</span><span >.</span><span >.</span><span >;</span>
#<span >4</span>、根据HTTP返回码重定向页面
# 语法格式:error_page code <span >[</span>code<span >.</span><span >.</span><span >.</span><span >]</span> <span >[</span><span >=</span> <span >|</span> <span >=</span>answer<span >-</span>code<span >]</span> uri <span >|</span> @named_location<span >;</span>
#<span >5</span>、是否允许递归使用error_page
# 语法格式:recursive_error_pages <span >[</span>on <span >|</span> off<span >]</span><span >;</span>
#<span >6</span>、try_files
# 语法格式:try_files path1 <span >[</span>path2<span >]</span> uri<span >;</span>
location <span >/</span> <span >{</span>
root html<span >;</span>
index index<span >.</span>html index<span >.</span>htm<span >;</span>
<span >}</span>
#error_page <span >404</span> <span >/</span><span >404.</span>html<span >;</span>
# redirect server error pages to the static page <span >/</span><span >50</span>x<span >.</span>html
#
error_page <span >500</span> <span >502</span> <span >503</span> <span >504</span> <span >/</span><span >50</span>x<span >.</span>html<span >;</span>
location <span >=</span> <span >/</span><span >50</span>x<span >.</span>html <span >{</span>
root html<span >;</span>
<span >}</span>
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on <span >127.0</span><span >.0</span><span >.1</span><span >:</span><span >80</span>
#
#location <span >~</span> \<span >.</span>php$ <span >{</span>
# proxy_pass http<span >:</span><span >/</span><span >/</span><span >127.0</span><span >.0</span><span >.1</span><span >;</span>
#<span >}</span>
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on <span >127.0</span><span >.0</span><span >.1</span><span >:</span><span >9000</span>
#
#location <span >~</span> \<span >.</span>php$ <span >{</span>
# root html<span >;</span>
# fastcgi_pass <span >127.0</span><span >.0</span><span >.1</span><span >:</span><span >9000</span><span >;</span>
# fastcgi_index index<span >.</span>php<span >;</span>
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME <span >/</span>scripts$fastcgi_script_name<span >;</span>
# include fastcgi_params<span >;</span>
#<span >}</span>
# deny access to <span >.</span>htaccess files<span >,</span> <span >if</span> Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location <span >~</span> <span >/</span>\<span >.</span>ht <span >{</span>
# deny all<span >;</span>
#<span >}</span>
<span >}</span>
# another virtual host using mix of IP<span >-</span><span >,</span> name<span >-</span><span >,</span> and port<span >-</span>based configuration
#
#server <span >{</span>
# listen <span >8000</span><span >;</span>
# listen somename<span >:</span><span >8080</span><span >;</span>
# server_name somename alias another<span >.</span>alias<span >;</span>
# location <span >/</span> <span >{</span>
# root html<span >;</span>
# index index<span >.</span>html index<span >.</span>htm<span >;</span>
# <span >}</span>
#<span >}</span>
# HTTPS server
#
#server <span >{</span>
# listen <span >443</span> ssl<span >;</span>
# server_name localhost<span >;</span>
# ssl_certificate cert<span >.</span>pem<span >;</span>
# ssl_certificate_key cert<span >.</span>key<span >;</span>
# ssl_session_cache shared<span >:</span>SSL<span >:</span><span >1</span>m<span >;</span>
# ssl_session_timeout <span >5</span>m<span >;</span>
# ssl_ciphers HIGH<span >:</span><span >!</span>aNULL<span >:</span><span >!</span>MD5<span >;</span>
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on<span >;</span>
# location <span >/</span> <span >{</span>
# root html<span >;</span>
# index index<span >.</span>html index<span >.</span>htm<span >;</span>
# <span >}</span>
#<span >}</span>
}
#log_format main <span >'$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '</span>
# <span >'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '</span>
# <span >'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'</span><span >;</span>
#access_log logs<span >/</span>access<span >.</span>log main<span >;</span>
sendfile on<span >;</span>
#tcp_nopush on<span >;</span>
#keepalive_timeout <span >0</span><span >;</span>
keepalive_timeout <span >65</span><span >;</span>
#gzip on<span >;</span>
#charset koi8<span >-</span>r<span >;</span>
#access_log logs<span >/</span>host<span >.</span>access<span >.</span>log main<span >;</span>
#location语法:location<span >[</span><span >=</span> <span >|</span> <span >~</span> <span >|</span> <span >~</span><span >*</span> <span >|</span> <span >^</span><span >~</span> <span >|</span> @<span >]</span> <span >/</span>uri<span >/</span> <span >{</span><span >}</span>
#location尝试根据用户请求中的URI来匹配 <span >/</span>uri表达式,若匹配成功,则执行<span >{</span><span >}</span>里面的配置来处理用户请求
#以下是location的一般配置项
#<span >1</span>、以root方式设置资源路径
# 语法格式:root path<span >;</span>
#<span >2</span>、以alias方式设置资源路径
# 语法格式:alias path<span >;</span>
#<span >3</span>、访问首页
# 语法格式:index file<span >.</span><span >.</span><span >.</span><span >;</span>
#<span >4</span>、根据HTTP返回码重定向页面
# 语法格式:error_page code <span >[</span>code<span >.</span><span >.</span><span >.</span><span >]</span> <span >[</span><span >=</span> <span >|</span> <span >=</span>answer<span >-</span>code<span >]</span> uri <span >|</span> @named_location<span >;</span>
#<span >5</span>、是否允许递归使用error_page
# 语法格式:recursive_error_pages <span >[</span>on <span >|</span> off<span >]</span><span >;</span>
#<span >6</span>、try_files
# 语法格式:try_files path1 <span >[</span>path2<span >]</span> uri<span >;</span>
location <span >/</span> <span >{</span>
root html<span >;</span>
index index<span >.</span>html index<span >.</span>htm<span >;</span>
<span >}</span>
#error_page <span >404</span> <span >/</span><span >404.</span>html<span >;</span>
# redirect server error pages to the static page <span >/</span><span >50</span>x<span >.</span>html
#
error_page <span >500</span> <span >502</span> <span >503</span> <span >504</span> <span >/</span><span >50</span>x<span >.</span>html<span >;</span>
location <span >=</span> <span >/</span><span >50</span>x<span >.</span>html <span >{</span>
root html<span >;</span>
<span >}</span>
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on <span >127.0</span><span >.0</span><span >.1</span><span >:</span><span >80</span>
#
#location <span >~</span> \<span >.</span>php$ <span >{</span>
# proxy_pass http<span >:</span><span >/</span><span >/</span><span >127.0</span><span >.0</span><span >.1</span><span >;</span>
#<span >}</span>
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on <span >127.0</span><span >.0</span><span >.1</span><span >:</span><span >9000</span>
#
#location <span >~</span> \<span >.</span>php$ <span >{</span>
# root html<span >;</span>
# fastcgi_pass <span >127.0</span><span >.0</span><span >.1</span><span >:</span><span >9000</span><span >;</span>
# fastcgi_index index<span >.</span>php<span >;</span>
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME <span >/</span>scripts$fastcgi_script_name<span >;</span>
# include fastcgi_params<span >;</span>
#<span >}</span>
# deny access to <span >.</span>htaccess files<span >,</span> <span >if</span> Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location <span >~</span> <span >/</span>\<span >.</span>ht <span >{</span>
# deny all<span >;</span>
#<span >}</span>
<span >}</span>
# another virtual host using mix of IP<span >-</span><span >,</span> name<span >-</span><span >,</span> and port<span >-</span>based configuration
#
#server <span >{</span>
# listen <span >8000</span><span >;</span>
# listen somename<span >:</span><span >8080</span><span >;</span>
# server_name somename alias another<span >.</span>alias<span >;</span>
# location <span >/</span> <span >{</span>
# root html<span >;</span>
# index index<span >.</span>html index<span >.</span>htm<span >;</span>
# <span >}</span>
#<span >}</span>
# HTTPS server
#
#server <span >{</span>
# listen <span >443</span> ssl<span >;</span>
# server_name localhost<span >;</span>
# ssl_certificate cert<span >.</span>pem<span >;</span>
# ssl_certificate_key cert<span >.</span>key<span >;</span>
# ssl_session_cache shared<span >:</span>SSL<span >:</span><span >1</span>m<span >;</span>
# ssl_session_timeout <span >5</span>m<span >;</span>
# ssl_ciphers HIGH<span >:</span><span >!</span>aNULL<span >:</span><span >!</span>MD5<span >;</span>
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on<span >;</span>
# location <span >/</span> <span >{</span>
# root html<span >;</span>
# index index<span >.</span>html index<span >.</span>htm<span >;</span>
# <span >}</span>
#<span >}</span>
本文由作者pm1024