前言:
近日在项目协同开发过程中出现了问题,数据出现了异常;其他人员怀疑项目数据丢失程序存在问题。于是通过排查程序提供的审计日志最终还原了当时操作及原因。
可见审计日志在排查、定位问题是相当有用的,那么在.Net Core 如何来实现审计日志呢?
接下来一步步来实现效果
一、审计日志定义及作用
审计日志:
维基百科: “审计跟踪(也叫审计日志)是与安全相关的按照时间顺序的记录,记录集或者记录源,它们提供了活动序列的文档证据,这些活动序列可以在任何时间影响一个特定的操作,步骤或其他”
作用:
1、快速定位问题耗时及性能情况
2、记录调用时环境信息:如浏览器、参数等
二、.Net Core 中实现审计日志
那么怎么实现审计日志呢?其实核心思想很简单。包含以下步骤:
- 获取调用接口方法时相关信息
- 记录当前接口耗时情况
- 保存审计日志信息到数据库中
那么如何获取调用接口时相关信息呢?.Net Core中可以使用:过滤器、拦截器 实现。
本次示例中将采用过滤器实现审计日志实现功能;主要流程如下
定义审计日志信息:
public class AuditInfo
{
/// <summary>
/// 调用参数
/// </summary>
public string Parameters { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 浏览器信息
/// </summary>
public string BrowserInfo { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 客户端信息
/// </summary>
public string ClientName { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 客户端IP地址
/// </summary>
public string ClientIpAddress { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 执行耗时
/// </summary>
public int ExecutionDuration { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 执行时间
/// </summary>
public DateTime ExecutionTime { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 返回内容
/// </summary>
public string ReturnValue { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 异常对象
/// </summary>
public Exception Exception { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 方法名
/// </summary>
public string MethodName { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 服务名
/// </summary>
public string ServiceName { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 调用者信息
/// </summary>
public string UserInfo { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 自定义数据
/// </summary>
public string CustomData { get; set; }
}
- 实现审计日志过滤器
using AuditLogDemo.Models;
using AuditLogDemo.Services;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Controllers;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Filters;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using Newtonsoft.Json;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace AuditLogDemo.Fliters
{
public class AuditLogActionFilter : IAsyncActionFilter
{
/// <summary>
/// 审计日志服务对象
/// </summary>
private readonly IAuditLogService _auditLogService;
/// <summary>
/// 登录用户
/// </summary>
private readonly ISession _Session;
/// <summary>
/// 日志记录
/// </summary>
private readonly ILogger<AuditLogActionFilter> _logger;
public AuditLogActionFilter(
IAuditLogService auditLogService,
ISession Session,
ILogger<AuditLogActionFilter> logger
)
{
_Session = Session;
_logger = logger;
_auditLogService = auditLogService;
}
public async Task OnActionExecutionAsync(ActionExecutingContext context, ActionExecutionDelegate next)
{
// 判断是否写日志
if (!ShouldSaveAudit(context))
{
await next();
return;
}
//接口Type
var type = (context.ActionDescriptor as ControllerActionDescriptor).ControllerTypeInfo.AsType();
//方法信息
var method = (context.ActionDescriptor as ControllerActionDescriptor).MethodInfo;
//方法参数
var arguments = context.ActionArguments;
//开始计时
var stopwatch = Stopwatch.StartNew();
var auditInfo = new AuditInfo
{
UserInfo = _Session?.Id,
ServiceName = type != null ? type.FullName.TruncateWithPostfix(EntityDefault.FieldsLength250) : "",
MethodName = method.Name.TruncateWithPostfix(EntityDefault.FieldsLength250),
////请求参数转Json
Parameters = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(arguments),
ExecutionTime = DateTime.Now,
BrowserInfo = context.HttpContext.Request.Headers["User-Agent"].ToString().TruncateWithPostfix(EntityDefault.FieldsLength250),
ClientIpAddress = context.HttpContext.Connection.RemoteIpAddress.ToString().TruncateWithPostfix(EntityDefault.FieldsLength50),
//ClientName = _clientInfoProvider.ComputerName.TruncateWithPostfix(EntityDefault.FieldsLength100),
Id = Guid.NewGuid().ToString()
};
ActionExecutedContext result = null;
try
{
result = await next();
if (result.Exception != null && !result.ExceptionHandled)
{
auditInfo.Exception = result.Exception;
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
auditInfo.Exception = ex;
throw;
}
finally
{
stopwatch.Stop();
auditInfo.ExecutionDuration = Convert.ToInt32(stopwatch.Elapsed.TotalMilliseconds);
if (result != null)
{
switch (result.Result)
{
case ObjectResult objectResult:
auditInfo.ReturnValue = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(objectResult.Value);
break;
case JsonResult jsonResult:
auditInfo.ReturnValue = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(jsonResult.Value);
break;
case ContentResult contentResult:
auditInfo.ReturnValue = contentResult.Content;
break;
}
}
Console.WriteLine(auditInfo.ToString());
//保存审计日志
await _auditLogService.SaveAsync(auditInfo);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 是否需要记录审计
/// </summary>
/// <param name="context"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private bool ShouldSaveAudit(ActionExecutingContext context)
{
if (!(context.ActionDescriptor is ControllerActionDescriptor))
return false;
var methodInfo = (context.ActionDescriptor as ControllerActionDescriptor).MethodInfo;
if (methodInfo == null)
{
return false;
}
if (!methodInfo.IsPublic)
{
return false;
}
if (methodInfo.GetCustomAttribute<AuditedAttribute>() != null)
{
return true;
}
if (methodInfo.GetCustomAttribute<DisableAuditingAttribute>() != null)
{
return false;
}
var classType = methodInfo.DeclaringType;
if (classType != null)
{
if (classType.GetTypeInfo().GetCustomAttribute<AuditedAttribute>() != null)
{
return true;
}
if (classType.GetTypeInfo().GetCustomAttribute<AuditedAttribute>() != null)
{
return false;
}
}
return false;
}
}
}
该内容为实现审计日志功能主要逻辑,通过过滤器获取当前执行控制器、方法判断是否需要记录审计日志;其他请求参数、客户端ip等相关基本信息组成审计日志对象,并记录调用时间。
- 注册过滤器
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
services.AddControllers(options =>
{
options.Filters.Add(typeof(AuditLogActionFilter));
});
//审计日志存储
services.AddDbContext<AuditLogDBContent>(options =>
{
string conn = Configuration.GetConnectionString("LogDB");
options.UseSqlite(conn);
});
}
到此审计日志主要逻辑已经实现完成。是不是很简单
三、总结
回过头来看,在.net core 中需要统一监控或过滤时,可以采用过滤器(Filter)或拦截器来实现相关效果
.Net Core中 Filter 常件的有:Authorization Filter(认证过滤器),Resource Filter(资源过滤器),Exception Filter(异常过滤器),Action Filter(方法过滤器),Result Filter(结果过滤器)