计数器应用
- 概述:
Hadoop为每个作业维护若干计数器,以描述多项指标。例如:某些计数器记录着已处理的字节数和记录数,使用户可以监控已处理的输入数据量和已经产生的输入数据量。 - 计数器API:
- 采用枚举的方式统计计数
enum MyCounter{MALFORORMED,NORMAL}
context.getCounter(MyCounter.MALFORORMED).increment(1)//对枚举定义的自定义计数器加1;
- 采用计数器组,计数器名称的方式统计:
context.getCounter("counterGroup","counter").increment(1);
- 计数结果在程序运行后的控制台上查看
数据清洗(ETL)
- 在运行核心业务MapReduce程序之前,往往要先对数据进行清洗,清理掉不符合用户要求的数据。清理的过程往往只需要运行Mapper程序,不需要运行Reduce程序。
- 数据清洗案例实操(简单解析版)
- 需求:
去除日志中字段长度小于等于11的日志。 - 需求分析:
需要在Map阶段对输入的数据根据规则进行过滤清洗。 - 代码实现
①编写LogMapper类
public class LogMapper extends Mapper<LongWritable, Text, Text, NullWritable>{
Text k = new Text();
@Override
protected void map(LongWritable key, Text value, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
// 1 获取1行数据
String line = value.toString();
// 2 解析日志
boolean result = parseLog(line,context);
// 3 日志不合法退出
if (!result) {
return;
}
// 4 设置key
k.set(line);
// 5 写出数据
context.write(k, NullWritable.get());
}
// 2 解析日志
private boolean parseLog(String line, Context context) {
// 1 截取
String[] fields = line.split(" ");
// 2 日志长度大于11的为合法
if (fields.length > 11) {
// 系统计数器
context.getCounter("map", "true").increment(1);
return true;
}else{
context.getCounter("map", "false").increment(1);
return false;
}
}
}
②编写LogDriver类
public class LogDriver {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// 输入输出路径需要根据自己电脑上实际的输入输出路径设置
args = new String[] { "e:/input/inputlog", "e:/output1" };
// 1 获取job信息
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
Job job = Job.getInstance(conf);
// 2 加载jar包
job.setJarByClass(LogDriver.class);
// 3 关联map
job.setMapperClass(LogMapper.class);
// 4 设置最终输出类型
job.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
job.setOutputValueClass(NullWritable.class);
// 设置reducetask个数为0
job.setNumReduceTasks(0);
// 5 设置输入和输出路径
FileInputFormat.setInputPaths(job, new Path(args[0]));
FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path(args[1]));
// 6 提交
job.waitForCompletion(true);
}
}
- 数据清洗案例实操(复杂解析版)
- 需求:
对Web访问日志中的各字段识别切分,去除日志中不合法的记录。根据清洗规则,输出过滤后的数据 - 代码实现:
①定义一个bean,用来记录日志数据中的各数据字段
public class LogBean {
private String remote_addr;// 记录客户端的ip地址
private String remote_user;// 记录客户端用户名称,忽略属性"-"
private String time_local;// 记录访问时间与时区
private String request;// 记录请求的url与http协议
private String status;// 记录请求状态;成功是200
private String body_bytes_sent;// 记录发送给客户端文件主体内容大小
private String http_referer;// 用来记录从那个页面链接访问过来的
private String http_user_agent;// 记录客户浏览器的相关信息
private boolean valid = true;// 判断数据是否合法
public String getRemote_addr() {
return remote_addr;
}
public void setRemote_addr(String remote_addr) {
this.remote_addr = remote_addr;
}
public String getRemote_user() {
return remote_user;
}
public void setRemote_user(String remote_user) {
this.remote_user = remote_user;
}
public String getTime_local() {
return time_local;
}
public void setTime_local(String time_local) {
this.time_local = time_local;
}
public String getRequest() {
return request;
}
public void setRequest(String request) {
this.request = request;
}
public String getStatus() {
return status;
}
public void setStatus(String status) {
this.status = status;
}
public String getBody_bytes_sent() {
return body_bytes_sent;
}
public void setBody_bytes_sent(String body_bytes_sent) {
this.body_bytes_sent = body_bytes_sent;
}
public String getHttp_referer() {
return http_referer;
}
public void setHttp_referer(String http_referer) {
this.http_referer = http_referer;
}
public String getHttp_user_agent() {
return http_user_agent;
}
public void setHttp_user_agent(String http_user_agent) {
this.http_user_agent = http_user_agent;
}
public boolean isValid() {
return valid;
}
public void setValid(boolean valid) {
this.valid = valid;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(this.valid);
sb.append("\001").append(this.remote_addr);
sb.append("\001").append(this.remote_user);
sb.append("\001").append(this.time_local);
sb.append("\001").append(this.request);
sb.append("\001").append(this.status);
sb.append("\001").append(this.body_bytes_sent);
sb.append("\001").append(this.http_referer);
sb.append("\001").append(this.http_user_agent);
return sb.toString();
}
}
②编写LogMapper类
public class LogMapper extends Mapper<LongWritable, Text, Text, NullWritable>{
Text k = new Text();
@Override
protected void map(LongWritable key, Text value, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
// 1 获取1行
String line = value.toString();
// 2 解析日志是否合法
LogBean bean = parseLog(line);
if (!bean.isValid()) {
return;
}
k.set(bean.toString());
// 3 输出
context.write(k, NullWritable.get());
}
// 解析日志
private LogBean parseLog(String line) {
LogBean logBean = new LogBean();
// 1 截取
String[] fields = line.split(" ");
if (fields.length > 11) {
// 2封装数据
logBean.setRemote_addr(fields[0]);
logBean.setRemote_user(fields[1]);
logBean.setTime_local(fields[3].substring(1));
logBean.setRequest(fields[6]);
logBean.setStatus(fields[8]);
logBean.setBody_bytes_sent(fields[9]);
logBean.setHttp_referer(fields[10]);
if (fields.length > 12) {
logBean.setHttp_user_agent(fields[11] + " "+ fields[12]);
}else {
logBean.setHttp_user_agent(fields[11]);
}
// 大于400,HTTP错误
if (Integer.parseInt(logBean.getStatus()) >= 400) {
logBean.setValid(false);
}
}else {
logBean.setValid(false);
}
return logBean;
}
}
③编写LogDriver类
public class LogDriver {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// 1 获取job信息
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
Job job = Job.getInstance(conf);
// 2 加载jar包
job.setJarByClass(LogDriver.class);
// 3 关联map
job.setMapperClass(LogMapper.class);
// 4 设置最终输出类型
job.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
job.setOutputValueClass(NullWritable.class);
// 5 设置输入和输出路径
FileInputFormat.setInputPaths(job, new Path(args[0]));
FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path(args[1]));
// 6 提交
job.waitForCompletion(true);
}
}