一，首先说明下这个微信的openid
为了识别用户，每个用户针对每个公众号会产生一个安全的OpenID，如果需要在多公众号、移动应用之间做用户共通，则需前往微信开放平台，将这些公众号和应用绑定到一个开放平台账号下，绑定后，一个用户虽然对多个公众号和应用有多个不同的OpenID，但他对所有这些同一开放平台账号下的公众号和应用，只有一个UnionID
我用简单自己理解的话来说就是 这个 你在每个公众号 或者小程序 都是在这个小程序或者这个公众号下会有一个openid 你去别的公众号 或者 小程序 这个是会改变的 但是unionid是不管你在哪个小程序或者公众号是唯一不变的。
微信官方提供了 了一个 可以通过用户的openid来获取用户信息，前提是用户必须关注了你的公众号，这个好像要做的话需要关联一个需要三百块钱认证的那个啥来着。这个就先不说了吧，现在我们要说的问题是如何获取openid
二，小程序获取openid
1，工具类
/**
* 微信小程序获取openid
* @author Mr.Lin
*/
public class GetOpenIDUtil {
// 网页授权接口
// public final static String GetPageAccessTokenUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token?appid=APPID&secret=SECRET&code=CODE&grant_type=authorization_code";//
// public final static String GetPageAccessTokenUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/jscode2session?appid=APPID&secret=SECRET&js_code=CODE&grant_type=authorization_code";
public final static String GetPageAccessTokenUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/jscode2session?appid=APPID&secret=SECRET&js_code=CODE&grant_type=authorization_code";
public static Map<String,Object> oauth2GetOpenid(String appid,String code,String appsecret) {
String requestUrl = GetPageAccessTokenUrl.replace("APPID", appid).replace("SECRET", appsecret).replace("CODE", code);
HttpClient client = null;
Map<String,Object> result =new HashMap<String,Object>();
try {
client = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(requestUrl);
ResponseHandler<String> responseHandler = new BasicResponseHandler();
String response = client.execute(httpget, responseHandler);
JSONObject OpenidJSONO=JSONObject.fromObject(response);
String openid =String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("openid"));
String session_key=String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("session_key"));
String unionid=String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("unionid"));
String errcode=String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("errcode"));
String errmsg=String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("errmsg"));
result.put("openid", openid);
result.put("sessionKey", session_key);
result.put("unionid", unionid);
result.put("errcode", errcode);
result.put("errmsg", errmsg);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
client.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
}
return result;
}
}2，接口
/**
* 小程序换取openid
*
* @param code 识别得到用户id必须的一个值 得到网页授权凭证和用户id
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping("/get/openid")
public @ResponseBody
Object GetOpenid(String 你的小程序APPID, String code, String 你的小程序对应秘钥) {
if (code == null || code.length() == 0) {
throw new CustomException("code不能为空!");
}
return GetOpenIDUtil.oauth2GetOpenid(appid, code, appsecret);
}
这个code的话我这个一般是前端生成比较好，所以你后台的话，把接口给前端，让他那边传个code三，获取公众号openid~1，工具类
public class HttpGetUtil {
public static String httpRequestToString(String url,
Map<String,String> params) {
String result = null;
try {
InputStream is = httpRequestToStream(url, params);
BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is,
"UTF-8"));
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
String line = "";
while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
buffer.append(line);
}
result = buffer.toString();
} catch (Exception e) {
return null;
}
return result;
}
private static InputStream httpRequestToStream(String url,
Map<String, String> params) {
InputStream is = null;
try {
String parameters = "";
boolean hasParams = false;
for(String key : params.keySet()){
String value = null;
try {
value = URLEncoder.encode(params.get(key), "UTF-8");
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
parameters += key +"="+ value +"&";
hasParams = true;
}
if(hasParams){
parameters = parameters.substring(0, parameters.length()-1);
}
url += "?"+ parameters;
URL u = new URL(url);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) u.openConnection();
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
conn.setRequestProperty("Accept-Charset", "UTF-8");
conn.setRequestProperty("contentType", "utf-8");
conn.setConnectTimeout(50000);
conn.setReadTimeout(50000);
conn.setDoInput(true);
//设置请求方式，默认为GET
conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
is = conn.getInputStream();
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return is;
}
public static String GetCodeRequest1 = "https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid=APPID&redirect_uri=REDIRECT_URI&response_type=code&scope=SCOPE&state=STATE#wechat_redirect";
public static String getCodeRequest(String appid){
HttpClient client = null;
String result = null;
String appId = appid;
String REDIRECT_URI= "";//回调请求地址
String SCOPE="snsapi_base";
GetCodeRequest1 = GetCodeRequest1.replace("APPID", urlEnodeUTF8(appId));
GetCodeRequest1 = GetCodeRequest1.replace("REDIRECT_URI",urlEnodeUTF8(REDIRECT_URI));
GetCodeRequest1 = GetCodeRequest1.replace("SCOPE", SCOPE);
result = GetCodeRequest1;
System.out.println(REDIRECT_URI);
return result;
}
public static String urlEnodeUTF8(String str){
String result = str;
try {
result = URLEncoder.encode(str,"UTF-8");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
}
}2，接口
@RequestMapping("/get/gzh/openid")
public @ResponseBody
String GetGZHOpenid(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
String code = request.getParameter("code");//获取code
Map params = new HashMap();
params.put("secret", 你的公众号秘钥);
params.put("appid", 你的公众号APPID);
params.put("grant_type", "authorization_code");
params.put("code", code);
String result = HttpGetUtil.httpRequestToString(
"https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token", params);
JSONObject jsonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(result);
String openid = jsonObject.get("openid").toString();
LOGGER.debug("code------" + code);
LOGGER.debug("得到的openid为:" + openid);
return openid;
}四，通过微信获取的openid来获取用户信息1，工具类
/**
* 获取accessToken
*
*/
public class GetAccessTokenUtil {
// 网页授权接口
public final static String GetPageAccessTokenUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=APPID&secret=APPSECRET";
public static Map<String, String> getAccessToken(String appid, String appsecret) {
String requestUrl = GetPageAccessTokenUrl.replace("APPID", appid).replace("APPSECRET", appsecret);
HttpClient client = null;
Map<String, String> result = new HashMap<String, String>();
String accessToken = null;
try {
client = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(requestUrl);
ResponseHandler<String> responseHandler = new BasicResponseHandler();
String response = client.execute(httpget, responseHandler);
JSONObject OpenidJSONO = JSONObject.fromObject(response);
accessToken = String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("access_token"));
result.put("accessToken", accessToken);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
client.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
}
return result;
}
}//通过openid获取用户的信息，这个看你需要获取用户的哪些信息,
// https://mp.weixin.qq.com/wiki?t=resource/res_main&id=mp1421140839 这个是微信官方的获取unionid机制 用户信息
public class GetBasicInformation {
// 网页授权接口
public final static String GetPageAccessTokenUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/user/info?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN&openid=OPENID&lang=zh_CN";
public static Map<String, String> getAccessToken(String access_token, String openid) {
String requestUrl = GetPageAccessTokenUrl.replace("ACCESS_TOKEN", access_token).replace("OPENID", openid);
HttpClient client = null;
Map<String, String> result = new HashMap<String, String>();
try {
client = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(requestUrl);
ResponseHandler<String> responseHandler = new BasicResponseHandler();
String response = client.execute(httpget, responseHandler);
JSONObject OpenidJSONO = JSONObject.fromObject(response);
// String accessToken = String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("access_token"));
String subscribe = String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("subscribe"));
String nickname = new String(String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("nickname")).getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");
String sex = String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("sex"));
String language = String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("language"));
String city = new String(String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("city")).getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");
String province = new String(String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("province")).getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");
String country = new String(String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("country")).getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");
String headimgurl = String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("headimgurl"));
String subscribeTime = String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("subscribe_time"));
String unionid = String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("unionid"));
// String accessToken =new String(String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("access_token")).getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");
// String openid =new String(String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("openid")).getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");
// String openid =new String(String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("openid")).getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");
// String openid =new String(String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("openid")).getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");
// String openid =new String(String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("openid")).getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");
// String openid =new String(String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("openid")).getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");
// String openid =new String(String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("openid")).getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");
// String openid =new String(String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("openid")).getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");
// String openid =new String(String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("openid")).getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");
// String openid =new String(String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("openid")).getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");
// String openid =new String(String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("openid")).getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");
// String openid = String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("openid"));
// result.put("accessToken", accessToken);
result.put("subscribe", subscribe);
result.put("nickname", nickname);
result.put("sex", sex);
result.put("language", language);
result.put("city", city);
result.put("province", province);
result.put("country", country);
result.put("headimgurl", headimgurl);
result.put("subscribeTime", subscribeTime);
result.put("unionid", unionid);
// System.out.println(accessToken+"==================="+unionid);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
client.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
}
return result;
}
}2，接口
/**
* 微信公众号获取微信unionid和其他个人信息 需要关注公众号
*
* @param openid
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping("/basic/Information")
public @ResponseBody
Map basicInformation(String openid) {
//得到access_token
String accessToken = GetAccessTokenUtil.getAccessToken(你的公众号APPID, 你的公众号APPID对应的秘钥).get("accessToken");
LOGGER.debug("accessToken------" + accessToken);
return GetBasicInformation.getAccessToken(accessToken, openid);
}
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