在前面的文章中学习了consul在windows下的安装配置,然后consul作为spring boot的服务发现和注册中心
在这里将学习consul作为springboot的配置中心,有spring cloud config的功能。这里还是以前面consul文章里面的代码为基础进行学习,不在进行重复的代码。
consul作为配置中心,需要引入配置的jar包,pom.xml的内如修改如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.jack</groupId>
<artifactId>consul_study1</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>consul_study1</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<!--<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.0.3.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!– lookup parent from repository –>
</parent>-->
<parent>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.cloud/spring-cloud-starter-parent -->
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>Finchley.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/>
</parent>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.cloud/spring-cloud-starter-config -->
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.cloud/spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery</artifactId>
<!--<version>2.0.0.RELEASE</version>-->
</dependency>
<!--feign依赖 配置-->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.cloud/spring-cloud-starter-feign -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId>
<version>1.4.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.jack</groupId>
<artifactId>consul-api</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
</dependency>
<!--consul中健康检查需要用到actuator,不添加会check failing-->
<!--<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-config</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
上面主要是引入了:
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.cloud/spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery</artifactId>
<!--<version>2.0.0.RELEASE</version>-->
</dependency>
1,修改配置文件
1)添加 bootstrap.yml配置文件
spring:
cloud:
consul:
host: localhost
#host: 00.0.100.200
port: 8500
#enabled将此值设置为“false”禁用Consul配置
config:
enabled: true #默认是true --
format: YAML # 表示consul上面文件的格式 有四种 YAML PROPERTIES KEY-VALUE FILES
#data-key: configuration #表示consul上面的KEY值(或者说文件的名字) 默认是data
data-key: data #表示consul上面的KEY值(或者说文件的名字) 默认是data
#prefix设置配置值的基本文件夹
#defaultContext设置所有应用程序使用的文件夹名称
#profileSeparator设置用于使用配置文件在属性源中分隔配置文件名称的分隔符的值
2)添加application-dev.yml配置文件,配置如下:
spring:
cloud:
consul:
host: localhost
port: 8500
discovery:
#healthCheckPath: ${management.contextPath}/health
healthCheckPath: /health
healthCheckInterval: 15s
instance-id: consul1
enabled: true
enabled: true
application:
name: consul1
server:
port: 8081
3)修改application.yml配置文件
spring:
profiles:
active: dev
以上就是一些配置文件的信息了,都是在resource目录下。
2,java代码
1)添加一个配置类
package com.jack.consul_study1.config;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
/**
* create by jack 2018/7/15
*/
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "student")
public class StudentConfig {
private String name;
private int age;
private String sex;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "StudentConfig{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
", age=" + age +
", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
2)修改测试的控制器,添加测试代码
package com.jack.consul_study1.controller;
import com.jack.consul_study1.api.Chinese;
import com.jack.consul_study1.config.StudentConfig;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/**
* create by jack 2018/7/8
*/
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/test")
public class TestController {
@Autowired
private Chinese chinese;
@Value("${myName}")
private String myName;
@Autowired
private StudentConfig studentConfig;
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String testHello(String name){
System.out.println("my name is : "+myName);
return chinese.sayHello(name);
}
@RequestMapping("/myname")
public String testHello(){
System.out.println("my name is : "+myName);
return myName;
}
@RequestMapping("/config")
public String testConfig(){
System.out.println(studentConfig.toString());
return studentConfig.toString();
}
}
3)主类添加注解@EnableConfigurationProperties
package com.jack.consul_study1;
import com.jack.consul_study1.config.StudentConfig;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
@EnableConfigurationProperties({StudentConfig.class})
public class ConsulStudy1Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ConsulStudy1Application.class, args);
}
}
注意:属性配置类的class需要添加到springboot的属性配置注解里面,eg:
@EnableConfigurationProperties({StudentConfig.class})
不添加的话,不能通过@Autowired注解,注入属性配置类,那么就需要在属性配置类上使用spring的bean注解,标记时一个bean
到这里,代码已经完成了,启动consul服务器,下面在consul里面进行配置了
3,consul配置
consul作为配置中心的参考文档:https://springcloud.cc/spring-cloud-dalston.html#spring-cloud-consul-config
1)创建配置,如下图
输入key和value
key为:config/consul1,dev/data
value:
myName: jack
student:
name: jack
age: 18
sex: 男
注意value用的是yml格式的配置,冒号后面有一个空格
4,运行程序测试
1)测试通过@Value注入
@Value("${myName}")
private String myName;
测试url:http://localhost:8081/test/myname
结果如下:
2)测试通过@ConfigurationProperties进行属性配置
测试url:http://localhost:8081/test/config
总结:
到这里consul的简单使用就完成了,consul有两个功能,一个是consul作为注册中心,另一个是consul作为配置中心。在本文中consul作为配置中心,有一个点需要注意,通过@Value注入的属性,修改consul的配置后,属性不能立即生效,需要服务重启。而通过@ConfigurationProperties注入的属性,修改consul的配置后,属性会立即生效,所以建议如果需要动态生效的配置,最好使使用@ConfigurationProperties进行属性的注入。