MongoDB怎么加注释 mongodb注解

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mob64ca1402a190 2023-12-20 09:50:26

文章标签 MongoDB怎么加注释 java mongodb 注解 mongodb 服务器端配置文件 文章分类 MongoDB 数据库

最近在准备毕业论文，论文中使用到了Spring框架，考虑到数据的格式并非有固定的字段格式，因此考虑到使用MongoDB非关系型数据库存储数据。今天将Spring和MongoDB的整合过程总结如下(有坑，注意选择Spring 框架的版本)。本文章将从三个方面进行总结，分别是：在ubuntu上安装MongoDB

使用Java程序测试MongoDB是否安装成功

MongoDB和Spring框架进行整合(MongoTemplate和MongoRepository)

Ubuntu上安装MongoDB

在下载MongoDB时，我选择的是从官网上下载，结果发现下载速度实在是太慢了，下载完毕之后，我分享到了我的云盘上，MongoDB的版本是Ubuntu X64版本，望读者在下载时，请仔细确认实验机的系统版本。

MongoDB的下载链接：MongoDB Ubuntu X64 ，下载密码为：M6aJqZ

安装的过程：

1、下载好的安装包为：mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.2.10.tgz，以我的pc为例，将软件解压在/home/wangbinghua/software路径下，将解压之后的文件夹名称更改为mongodb。

2、MongoDB分为服务器端和客户端，因此如果使得MongoDB能够正常被访问，首先要启动服务器端，接下来启动客户端，在使用完毕之后，关闭服务器端。启动服务器端准备工作

MongoDB服务器端启动开始之后，默认要读取存储数据的文件路径以及记录日志的文件路径，因此在启动之后，要只能数据文件路径以及日志文件路径。

以我的pc为例，在MongDB的安装路径下，建立data文件夹，绝对路径为：

/home/wangbinghua/software/mongodb/data。在MongDB的安装路径下，建立log文件夹以及mongdb.log文件，绝对路径为：/home/wangbinghua/software/mongodb/log/mongodb.log。
编写一个启动服务器的脚本 start.sh/home/wangbinghua/software/mongodb/bin/mongod --dbpath /home/wangbinghua/software/mongodb/data --fork --auth --logpath /home/wangbinghua/software/mongod
b/log/mongodb.log```
将脚本存放在MongoDB的安装路径的bin目录下。**--fork** 表明服务器端可以在作为守护线程运行，即可以后台运行。**--auth** 表明客户端访问MongoDB的数据必须要进行权限验证，即如同mysql一样进行密码和用户名进行登陆每一个数据库。
* 启动MongoDB客户端
编写一个启动客户端的脚本 client.sh
``` shell
/home/wangbinghua/software/mongodb/bin/mongo 127.0.0.1:27017
将脚本存放在MongoDB的安装路径的bin目录下。127.0.0.1 表明MongoDB的服务器端地址为127.0.0.1，27017 表明MongoDB服务器端的端口号为 27017。关闭MongDB服务器端
编写一个启动客户端的脚本 shutdown.shkillall mongod
Java程序测试MongoDB
建立一个Maven工程，具体的依赖如下：
org.mongodb
mongo-java-driver
3.1.0
编写Java测试程序：//连接服务器端的地址和端口号ServerAddress serverAddress = new ServerAddress("localhost",27017);//project数据库的用户名为:proj 密码：projchar[] password = "proj".toCharArray();//创建 用户名和密码认证MongoCredential mongoCredential = MongoCredential.createMongoCRCredential("proj","project",password);
List mongoCredentialList = new ArrayList();
mongoCredentialList.add(mongoCredential);//连接MongoDB的一个数据库，需要用户名、密码、数据库、服务器端的IP和端口号MongoClient mongoClient = new MongoClient(serverAddress,mongoCredentialList);
MongoDatabase mongoDatabase = mongoClient.getDatabase("project");
System.out.println("connect successfully!");
运行结果：connect successfully!
MongoDB和Spring框架进行整合项目的主体依赖
Spring主体框架，spring-webmvc，spring-tx，spring-jdbc
JPA的主体依赖，spring-data-jpa
MongoDB的驱动依赖：mongo-java-driver
Spring和MongoDB的主体依赖：spring-data-mongodb
jsp的主体依赖：jsp-api
servlet的主体依赖：javax.servlet-api
依赖版本
Spring主体框架，4.2.6.RELEASE
JPA的主体依赖，1.10.1.RELEASE
MongoDB的驱动依赖：3.1.0
Spring和MongoDB的主体依赖：1.8.4.RELEASE
jsp的主体依赖：2.1
servlet的主体依赖：3.1.0
整个工程使用annotation 注解的方式来进行编写(包括业务逻辑、配置文件)
配置文件 web.xml 配置文件，使用Java类的形式进行编写：public class WebConfig implements WebApplicationInitializer {   //相当于 web.xml 文件配置
@Override
public void onStartup(ServletContext servletContext) throws ServletException {       //注入 Spring框架的配置文件
//相当于 配置SpringContext.xml 容器配置文件
AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();
applicationContext.register(SpringContextConf.class);       //注册监听器(启动Spring Context 上下文)
ContextLoaderListener contextLoaderListener = new ContextLoaderListener(applicationContext);
servletContext.addListener(contextLoaderListener);       //动态注册 filter
//注册 HiddenHttpMethodFilter 使用Restful服务，屏蔽get post方法
HiddenHttpMethodFilter hiddenHttpMethodFilter = new HiddenHttpMethodFilter();
FilterRegistration.Dynamic filterRegistration = servletContext.addFilter("HiddenHttpMethodFilter", hiddenHttpMethodFilter);
filterRegistration.addMappingForServletNames(
EnumSet.of(DispatcherType.REQUEST,DispatcherType.FORWARD,DispatcherType.INCLUDE),               false,               "dispatcherServlet");       //SpringMVC.xml
AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext webApplicationContext = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();
webApplicationContext.register(SpringWebConf.class);       //动态注册Spring mvc DispatcherServlet
DispatcherServlet dispatcherServlet = new DispatcherServlet(webApplicationContext);
ServletRegistration.Dynamic servletRegistration = servletContext.addServlet("dispatcherServlet",dispatcherServlet);
servletRegistration.setLoadOnStartup(1);
servletRegistration.addMapping("/");
}
}编写MongoDB的配置文件，如同在使用Mysql时编写conn.properties 文件一样，具体内容如下：mongo.database=project
mongo.host=localhost
mongo.port=27017
mongo.username=wbh
mongo.password=wbh编写SpringConfigConf.class，即Spring的配置文件，如同编写SpringContext.xml 配置文件一般。@Configuration@ComponentScan(value="com.mongodb",excludeFilters=@ComponentScan.Filter(type = FilterType.ANNOTATION,
value = {Controller.class, EnableWebMvc.class, ControllerAdvice.class}))@Import({MongoDBConf.class})public class SpringContextConf {
}编写Spring Mvc的配置文件，SpringWebConf.class，即Spring MVC的配置文件，如同编写SpringWeb,xml配置文件一般。@Configuration@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.mongo",
useDefaultFilters = false,
includeFilters = @ComponentScan.Filter(type = FilterType.ANNOTATION,value = {Controller.class, ControllerAdvice.class}))@EnableWebMvc/****/public class SpringWebConf {
}编写MongoDBConf.class，如同编写MongoDBConf.xml 文件，被引入到SpringContextConf.class 配置类中。有两种方式来进行操作MongoDB，1、MongoTemplate类，进行操作。2、使用SpringData的Repository，通过编写接口，Spring Data自动实现该接口，从而依赖该类。
使用MongoTemplate类操作MongoDB@Configuration@PropertySource(value = "classpath:mongodb.properties")public class MongoDBConf { @Autowired
private Environment environment;  @Bean
public MongoClient mongoClient(){
String username = environment.getProperty("mongo.username");
String password = environment.getProperty("mongo.password");
String database = environment.getProperty("mongo.database");
String host = environment.getProperty("mongo.host");
Integer port = Integer.valueOf(environment.getProperty("mongo.port"));
ServerAddress serverAddress = new ServerAddress(host,port);
MongoCredential mongoCredential = MongoCredential.createCredential(username, database, password.toCharArray());
List mongoCredentialList = new ArrayList<>();
mongoCredentialList.add(mongoCredential);       return new MongoClient(serverAddress,mongoCredentialList);
}   @Bean
public MongoDbFactory mongoDbFactory(){
String database = environment.getProperty("mongo.database");       return new SimpleMongoDbFactory(mongoClient(),database);
}   @Bean
public MongoTemplate mongoTemplate(){
MongoTemplate mongoTemplate = new MongoTemplate(mongoDbFactory());       return mongoTemplate;
}
}```
使用MVC三层结构来构建工程。
数据层，数据永久层：
```javaprivate MongoTemplate mongoTemplate;
服务层，服务层(接口和实现类)：//接口public interface PersonService {      public List findAllPerson();
}```
``` java@Servicepublic class PersonServiceImpl implements PersonService {    @Autowired
private MongoTemplate mongoTemplate;    @Override
public List findAllPerson() {        return mongoTemplate.findAll(Person.class);
}
}```
控制层，通过Json返回数据：
``` java@Controllerpublic class TestController {    @Autowired
private PersonService personService;    @RequestMapping("/allPersons")    @ResponseBody
public List getAllPerson(){        return personService.findAllPerson();
}
}
执行结果：[{"id":"587d948ebe16f9201a6f2a1a","username":"wangbinghua","password":"wbhdxtd","age":12},
{"id":"587d948fbe16f9201a6f2a1b","username":"wangbinghua","password":"wbhdxtd","age":12},
{"id":"587d9490be16f9201a6f2a1c","username":"wangbinghua","password":"wbhdxtd","age":12},
{"id":"587da93ebe16f92d64ee4317","username":"wangbinghua","password":"wbhdxtd","age":12}]
通过shell窗口查看数据库中的数据：wangbinghua@wangbinghua:~/software/mongodb/bin$ sh ./client.sh
MongoDB shell version: 3.2.10
connecting to: 127.0.0.1:27017/test> use project;switched to db project> db.auth("wbh","wbh")1> db.tb_person.find(){ "_id" : ObjectId("587d948ebe16f9201a6f2a1a"), "_class" : "com.mongo.dao.domain.Person", "person_username" : "wangbinghua", "person_password" : "wbhdxtd", "person_age" : 12 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("587d948fbe16f9201a6f2a1b"), "_class" : "com.mongo.dao.domain.Person", "person_username" : "wangbinghua", "person_password" : "wbhdxtd", "person_age" : 12 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("587d9490be16f9201a6f2a1c"), "_class" : "com.mongo.dao.domain.Person", "person_username" : "wangbinghua", "person_password" : "wbhdxtd", "person_age" : 12 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("587da93ebe16f92d64ee4317"), "_class" : "com.mongo.dao.domain.Person", "person_username" : "wangbinghua", "person_password" : "wbhdxtd", "person_age" : 12 }
使用Spring Data的MongoRepository接口操作MongoDB
MongoDBConf.class 配置类编写如下：@Configuration@PropertySource(value = "classpath:mongodb.properties")@EnableMongoRepositories(basePackages = "com.mongo.dao")public class MongoDBConf {  @Autowired
private Environment environment;   @Bean
public MongoClient mongoClient(){
String username = environment.getProperty("mongo.username");
String password = environment.getProperty("mongo.password");
String database = environment.getProperty("mongo.database");
String host = environment.getProperty("mongo.host");
Integer port = Integer.valueOf(environment.getProperty("mongo.port"));
ServerAddress serverAddress = new ServerAddress(host,port);
MongoCredential mongoCredential = MongoCredential.createCredential(username, database, password.toCharArray());
List mongoCredentialList = new ArrayList<>();
mongoCredentialList.add(mongoCredential);        return new MongoClient(serverAddress,mongoCredentialList);
}    @Bean
public MongoDbFactory mongoDbFactory(){
String database = environment.getProperty("mongo.database");        return new SimpleMongoDbFactory(mongoClient(),database);
}    @Bean
public MongoTemplate mongoTemplate(){
MongoTemplate mongoTemplate = new MongoTemplate(mongoDbFactory());        return mongoTemplate;
}
}
@EnableMongoRepositories(basePackages = "com.mongo.dao") 这个注解的含义是：自动扫描com.mongo.dao包下的接口(继承MongoRepository)，并且为这个类自动生成其实现类，该类提供了操作MongoDB的方法。
数据层编写：public interface PersonRepository extends MongoRepository{
}
MongoDB中一个文档(一条记录)的id为字符串型，因此MongoRepository 的泛型为Person和String。
服务层编写(接口和实现类)：//接口public interface PersonService {    public List findAllPerson();
}//实现类@Servicepublic class PersonServiceImpl implements PersonService {    @Autowired
private PersonRepository personRepository;    @Override
public List findAllPerson() {        return personRepository.findAll();
}
}
控制层编写：@Controllerpublic class TestController {    @Autowired
private PersonService personService;    @RequestMapping("/allPersons")    @ResponseBody
public List getAllPerson(){        return personService.findAllPerson();
}
}
执行结果：[{"id":"587d948ebe16f9201a6f2a1a","username":"wangbinghua","password":"wbhdxtd","age":12},
{"id":"587d948fbe16f9201a6f2a1b","username":"wangbinghua","password":"wbhdxtd","age":12},
{"id":"587d9490be16f9201a6f2a1c","username":"wangbinghua","password":"wbhdxtd","age":12},
{"id":"587da93ebe16f92d64ee4317","username":"wangbinghua","password":"wbhdxtd","age":12}]
通过shell窗口查看数据库中的数据：wangbinghua@wangbinghua:~/software/mongodb/bin$ sh ./client.sh
MongoDB shell version: 3.2.10
connecting to: 127.0.0.1:27017/test> use project;switched to db project> db.auth("wbh","wbh")1> db.tb_person.find(){ "_id" : ObjectId("587d948ebe16f9201a6f2a1a"), "_class" : "com.mongo.dao.domain.Person", "person_username" : "wangbinghua", "person_password" : "wbhdxtd", "person_age" : 12 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("587d948fbe16f9201a6f2a1b"), "_class" : "com.mongo.dao.domain.Person", "person_username" : "wangbinghua", "person_password" : "wbhdxtd", "person_age" : 12 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("587d9490be16f9201a6f2a1c"), "_class" : "com.mongo.dao.domain.Person", "person_username" : "wangbinghua", "person_password" : "wbhdxtd", "person_age" : 12 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("587da93ebe16f92d64ee4317"), "_class" : "com.mongo.dao.domain.Person", "person_username" : "wangbinghua", "person_password" : "wbhdxtd", "person_age" : 12 }工程代码托管在github下，读者感兴趣可以自行下载spring-mongodb

。

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