java mysql 图书管理 java写图书管理系统

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mob64ca1401464d 2023-08-19 23:09:42

文章标签 java mysql 图书管理 java 开发语言后端 intellij-idea 文章分类 Java 后端开发

所需要的知识：类，对象，抽象类，接口，封装，继承，多态，顺序表

对于书的信息，进行编写

创建关于书的包

java mysql 图书管理 java写图书管理系统_java

有书名，作者，价格，类型，以及是否借出等信息，这里用private进行封装，可有效保护代码隐私。

class Books{    
    private String name;//书名
    private String author;//作者
    private String price;//价格
    private String type;//类型
    private boolean isBorrowed;//是否借出
}

写出构造方法

注意：对于isBorrowed的Boolean类型，无需写进构造方法之中。

public class Book {
    private String name;//书名
    private String author;//作者
    private String price;//价格
    private String type;//类型
    private boolean isBorrowed;//是否借出

    public Book(String name, String author, String price, String type) {
        this.name = name;
        this.author = author;
        this.price = price;
        this.type = type;
    }
}

为了访问被private封装的属性，必须提供getter与setter方法。

并且再提供一个toString方法

public class Book {
    private String name;//书名
    private String author;//作者
    private String price;//价格
    private String type;//类型
    private boolean isBorrowed;//是否借出

    public Book(String name, String author, String price, String type) {
        this.name = name;
        this.author = author;
        this.price = price;
        this.type = type;
    }

    //
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getAuthor() {
        return author;
    }

    public void setAuthor(String author) {
        this.author = author;
    }

    public String getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public void setPrice(String price) {
        this.price = price;
    }

    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }

    public void setType(String type) {
        this.type = type;
    }

    public boolean isBorrowed() {
        return isBorrowed;
    }

    public void setBorrowed(boolean borrowed) {
        isBorrowed = borrowed;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Book{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", author='" + author + '\'' +
                ", price='" + price + '\'' +
                ", type='" + type + '\'' +
                ", isBorrowed=" + isBorrowed +
                '}';
    }
}

创建链表

package books;

public class BookList {
    private Book[] books = new Book[10];
    private int usedSize;

    public BookList(){
        books[0] = new Book("三国演义","罗贯中",30,"小说");
        books[1] = new Book("水浒传","施耐庵",40,"小说");
        books[2] = new Book("红楼梦","曹雪芹",50,"小说");
        books[3] = new Book("西游记","吴承恩",60,"小说");

        this.usedSize = 4;
    }
    
    public int getUsedSize() {
        return usedSize;
    }

    public void setUsedSize(int usedSize) {
        this.usedSize = usedSize;
    }
}

获取pos位置的书，以及在pos位置设置为一本书（添加一本书）

//获取pos位置的书
    public Book getPos(int pos){
        return this.books[pos];
    }
    //设置pos下标为一本书
    public void setBook(int pos,Book book){
        this.books[pos] = book;
    }

使用者的编写

对于使用者来说，既有管理员，也有普通用户。管理员与普通用户的目的是不一样的，但是他们有一些相同的特点。

java mysql 图书管理 java写图书管理系统_后端_02

创建User，

他们相同特点，比如都有名字

package user;

import java.security.PrivateKey;


public class User {
    protected String name;
    public User(String name){
        this.name = name;
    }
}

由于在主程序中需要对于User类中填写menu（菜单）方法，且并不实现menu，所以将User改为抽象类

protected IOperation[] iOperations;

填写如下代码，创建数组

protected IOperation[] iOperations;

然后创建doWork方法，来实现操作

public void doWork(int choice, BookList bookList){ iOperations[choice].work(bookList); }

对于管理员

创建AdminUser类，继承User类

package user;


public class AdminUser extends User{
    public AdminUser(String name){
        super(name);
    }
}

管理员菜单：

package user;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class AdminUser extends User{
    public AdminUser(String name){
        super(name);
    }

    public int menu(){
        System.out.println("==========管理员菜单==========");
        System.out.println("hello "+this.name+"欢迎来到这里！:>");
        System.out.println("1.查找图书:>");
        System.out.println("2.新增图书:>");
        System.out.println("3.删除图书:>");
        System.out.println("4.展示图书:>");
        System.out.println("0.退出系统:>");
        System.out.println("============================");

        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        int choice = scanner.nextInt();
        return choice;
    }
}

创建数组，为后续完成1-4的各项操作

package user;

import operation.*;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class AdminUser extends User{
    public AdminUser(String name){
        super(name);
        this.iOperations = new IOperation[]{
                new ExitOperation(),
                new FindOperation(),
                new AddOperation(),
                new DelOperation(),
                new DisplayOperation()
        };
    }


    public int menu(){
        System.out.println("==========管理员菜单==========");
        System.out.println("hello "+this.name+"欢迎来到这里！:>");
        System.out.println("1.查找图书:>");
        System.out.println("2.新增图书:>");
        System.out.println("3.删除图书:>");
        System.out.println("4.展示图书:>");
        System.out.println("0.退出系统:>");
        System.out.println("============================");

        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        int choice = scanner.nextInt();
        return choice;
    }


}

对于普通用户

创建NormalUser类，继承User类

package user;


public class NormalUser extends User{
    public NormalUser(String name){
        super(name);
    }
}

普通用户菜单：

package user;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class NormalUser extends User{
    public NormalUser(String name){
        super(name);
    }

    public int menu(){
        System.out.println("==========普通用户菜单==========");
        System.out.println("hello "+this.name+"欢迎来到这里！:>");
        System.out.println("1.查找图书:>");
        System.out.println("2.借阅图书:>");
        System.out.println("3.归还图书:>");
        System.out.println("0.退出系统:>");
        System.out.println("==============================");

        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        int choice = scanner.nextInt();
        return choice;
    }
}

创建数组，为后续完成1-3的各项操作

package user;

import operation.*;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class NormalUser extends User{
    public NormalUser(String name){
        super(name);
        this.iOperations = new IOperation[]{
                new ExitOperation(),
                new FindOperation(),
                new BorrowOperation(),
                new ReturnOperation()

        };
    }


    public int menu(){
        System.out.println("==========普通用户菜单==========");
        System.out.println("hello "+this.name+"欢迎来到这里！:>");
        System.out.println("1.查找图书:>");
        System.out.println("2.借阅图书:>");
        System.out.println("3.归还图书:>");
        System.out.println("0.退出系统:>");
        System.out.println("==============================");

        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        int choice = scanner.nextInt();
        return choice;
    }
}

添加Operation包

并且写一些类，去一一实现

java mysql 图书管理 java写图书管理系统_java mysql 图书管理_03

在实现每一个类之前，可以写一个接口，来使后面的代码便于书写

package operation;

import books.BookList;

public interface IOperation {
    void work(BookList bookList);
}

1. AddOperation

源码

package operation;

import books.Book;
import books.BookList;

public class AddOperation implements IOperation {
    public void work(BookList bookList){
        System.out.println("新增图书:>");
        System.out.println("请输入图书的名字:>");
        String name = scanner.nextLine();

        System.out.println("请输入图书的作者:>");
        String author = scanner.nextLine();

        System.out.println("请输入图书的类型:>");
        String type = scanner.nextLine();

        System.out.println("请输入图书的价格:>");
        double price = scanner.nextDouble();

        Book book = new Book(name,author,price,type);
        int size = bookList.getUsedSize();
        bookList.setBook(size,book);

        bookList.setUsedSize(size+1);
        System.out.println("图书新增成功！:>");

    }
}

2.BorrowOperation

源码

package operation;

import books.Book;
import books.BookList;

public class BorrowOperation implements IOperation{
    public void work(BookList bookList){
        System.out.println("借阅图书:>");

        System.out.println("你想借阅什么书？ :>");
        String name = scanner.nextLine();

        int size = bookList.getUsedSize();
        for(int i = 0; i < size; i++){
            Book book = bookList.getPos(i);
            if(name.equals(book.getName())){
                book.setBorrowed(true);
                System.out.println("借阅成功！ :>");
                System.out.println(book);
                return;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("没有你要借阅的这本书:>");

    }
}

3.DelOperation

源码

package operation;

import books.Book;
import books.BookList;

public class DelOperation implements IOperation{
    public void work(BookList bookList){
        System.out.println("删除图书:>");

        System.out.println("请输入你要删除的书名:>");
        String name = scanner.nextLine();
        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
        int i;
        int index = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
            Book book = bookList.getPos(i);
            if(book.getName().equals(name)){
                index = i;
                break;
            }
        }
        if(i >= currentSize){
            System.out.println("没有你要删除的书");
            return;
        }
        for (int j = index; j < currentSize-1; j++) {
            Book book = bookList.getPos(j+1);
            bookList.setBook(j,book);
        }
        bookList.setBook(currentSize,null);
        bookList.setUsedSize(currentSize-1);
        System.out.println("删除成功！:>");

    }
}

4.DisplayOperation

源码

package operation;

import books.Book;
import books.BookList;

public class DisplayOperation implements IOperation{
    public void work(BookList bookList){
        System.out.println("展示图书:>");

        int size = bookList.getUsedSize();
        for(int i = 0;i < size;i++){
            Book book = bookList.getPos(i);
            System.out.println(book);
        }
    }
}

5.ExitOperation

源码

package operation;

import books.BookList;

public class ExitOperation implements IOperation{
    public void work(BookList bookList){
        System.out.println("退出系统:>");
        System.exit(0);
    }
}

6.FindOperation

package operation;

import books.Book;
import books.BookList;

public class FindOperation implements IOperation{
    public void work(BookList bookList){
        System.out.println("查找图书:>");
        String name = scanner.nextLine();
        int size = bookList.getUsedSize();
        for(int i = 0; i < size; i++){
            Book book = bookList.getPos(i);
            if(name.equals(book.getName())){
                System.out.println("找到了这本书，信息如下:>");
                System.out.println(book);
                return;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("没有找到这本书:>");
    }
}

7.ReturnOperation

package operation;

import books.Book;
import books.BookList;

public class ReturnOperation implements IOperation{
    public void work(BookList bookList){
        System.out.println("归还图书:>");

        System.out.println("你想归还什么书？ :>");
        String name = scanner.nextLine();

        int size = bookList.getUsedSize();
        for(int i = 0; i < size; i++){
            Book book = bookList.getPos(i);
            if(name.equals(book.getName())){
                book.setBorrowed(false);
                System.out.println("归还成功！ :>");
                System.out.println(book);
                return;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("没有你要归还的这本书:>");
    }
}

创建程序入口Main

创建登录方法，并且在主函数中用user接收

import user.AdminUser;
import user.NormalUser;
import user.User;

import java.util.Scanner;
public class Main {
    public static User login(){
        System.out.println("请输入你的姓名:>");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        String name = scanner.nextLine();
        System.out.println("请输入你的身份:>");
        System.out.println("1.管理员     0.普通用户");
        int choice = scanner.nextInt();
        if(choice == 1){
            return new AdminUser(name);
        }else{
            return new NormalUser(name);
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        User user = login();//向上转型
        int choice = user.menu();//动态绑定
    }
}

此时，对于user。无法直接获取菜单。应在父类（User）中，写出菜单方法

java mysql 图书管理 java写图书管理系统_intellij-idea_04

然后在，主程序中使用user调用menu。

最终的主函数代码：

import books.Book;
import books.BookList;
import user.AdminUser;
import user.NormalUser;
import user.User;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {
    public static User login(){
        System.out.println("请输入你的姓名:>");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        String name = scanner.nextLine();
        System.out.println("请输入你的身份:>");
        System.out.println("1.管理员     0.普通用户");
        int choice = scanner.nextInt();
        if(choice == 1){
            return new AdminUser(name);
        }else{
            return new NormalUser(name);
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BookList bookList = new BookList();
        User user = login();//向上转型
        while (true) {
            int choice = user.menu();//动态绑定
            user.doWork(choice, bookList);
        }
    }
}

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