mysql 识别符号 mysql数据库的字符集怎么看

一、查看 MySQL 数据库服务器和数据库字符集

mysql> show variables like '%char%';
 +--------------------------+-------------------------------------+------
 | Variable_name            | Value                               |......
 +--------------------------+-------------------------------------+------
 | character_set_client     | utf8                                |......   -- 客户端字符集
 | character_set_connection | utf8                                |......
 | character_set_database   | utf8                                |......   -- 数据库字符集
 | character_set_filesystem | binary                              |......
 | character_set_results    | utf8                                |......
 | character_set_server     | utf8                                |......   -- 服务器字符集
 | character_set_system     | utf8                                |......
 | character_sets_dir       | D:\MySQL Server 5.0\share\charsets\ |......
 +--------------------------+-------------------------------------+------二、查看 MySQL 数据表（table） 的字符集

mysql> show table status from sqlstudy_db like '%countries%';
 +-----------+--------+---------+------------+------+-----------------+------
 | Name      | Engine | Version | Row_format | Rows | Collation       |......
 +-----------+--------+---------+------------+------+-----------------+------
 | countries | InnoDB |      10 | Compact    |   11 | utf8_general_ci |......
 +-----------+--------+---------+------------+------+-----------------+------三、查看 MySQL 数据列（column）的字符集

mysql> show full columns from countries;
 +----------------------+-------------+-----------------+--------
 | Field                | Type        | Collation       | .......
 +----------------------+-------------+-----------------+--------
 | countries_id         | int(11)     | NULL            | .......
 | countries_name       | varchar(64) | utf8_general_ci | .......
 | countries_iso_code_2 | char(2)     | utf8_general_ci | .......
 | countries_iso_code_3 | char(3)     | utf8_general_ci | .......
 | address_format_id    | int(11)     | NULL            | .......
 +----------------------+-------------+-----------------+--------四、查看当前安装的 MySQL 所支持的字符集

mysql> show charset;
 +----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+
 | Charset | Description                 | Default collation   | Maxlen |
 +----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+
 | big5     | Big5 Traditional Chinese    | big5_chinese_ci     |      2 |
 | dec8     | DEC West European           | dec8_swedish_ci     |      1 |
 | cp850    | DOS West European           | cp850_general_ci    |      1 |
 | hp8      | HP West European            | hp8_english_ci      |      1 |
 | koi8r    | KOI8-R Relcom Russian       | koi8r_general_ci    |      1 |
 | latin1   | cp1252 West European        | latin1_swedish_ci   |      1 |
 | latin2   | ISO 8859-2 Central European | latin2_general_ci   |      1 |
 | swe7     | 7bit Swedish                | swe7_swedish_ci     |      1 |
 | ascii    | US ASCII                    | ascii_general_ci    |      1 |
 | ujis     | EUC-JP Japanese             | ujis_japanese_ci    |      3 |
 | sjis     | Shift-JIS Japanese          | sjis_japanese_ci    |      2 |
 | hebrew   | ISO 8859-8 Hebrew           | hebrew_general_ci   |      1 |
 | tis620   | TIS620 Thai                 | tis620_thai_ci      |      1 |
 | euckr    | EUC-KR Korean               | euckr_korean_ci     |      2 |
 | koi8u    | KOI8-U Ukrainian            | koi8u_general_ci    |      1 |
 | gb2312   | GB2312 Simplified Chinese   | gb2312_chinese_ci   |      2 |
 | greek    | ISO 8859-7 Greek            | greek_general_ci    |      1 |
 | cp1250   | Windows Central European    | cp1250_general_ci   |      1 |
 | gbk      | GBK Simplified Chinese      | gbk_chinese_ci      |      2 |
 | latin5   | ISO 8859-9 Turkish          | latin5_turkish_ci   |      1 |
 | armscii8 | ARMSCII-8 Armenian          | armscii8_general_ci |      1 |
 | utf8     | UTF-8 Unicode               | utf8_general_ci     |      3 |
 | ucs2     | UCS-2 Unicode               | ucs2_general_ci     |      2 |
 | cp866    | DOS Russian                 | cp866_general_ci    |      1 |
 | keybcs2 | DOS Kamenicky Czech-Slovak | keybcs2_general_ci |      1 |
 | macce    | Mac Central European        | macce_general_ci    |      1 |
 | macroman | Mac West European           | macroman_general_ci |      1 |
 | cp852    | DOS Central European        | cp852_general_ci    |      1 |
 | latin7   | ISO 8859-13 Baltic          | latin7_general_ci   |      1 |
 | cp1251   | Windows Cyrillic            | cp1251_general_ci   |      1 |
 | cp1256   | Windows Arabic              | cp1256_general_ci   |      1 |
 | cp1257   | Windows Baltic              | cp1257_general_ci   |      1 |
 | binary   | Binary pseudo charset       | binary              |      1 |
 | geostd8 | GEOSTD8 Georgian            | geostd8_general_ci |      1 |
 | cp932    | SJIS for Windows Japanese   | cp932_japanese_ci   |      2 |
 | eucjpms | UJIS for Windows Japanese   | eucjpms_japanese_ci |      3 |
 +----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+
 以上查看 MySQL 字符集命令，适用于 Windows & Linux 
Liunx下修改MySQL字符集：
 1.查找MySQL的cnf文件的位置
 find / -iname '*.cnf' -print
/usr/share/mysql/my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf
 /usr/share/mysql/my-large.cnf
 /usr/share/mysql/my-small.cnf
 /usr/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf
 /usr/share/mysql/my-huge.cnf
 /usr/share/texmf/web2c/texmf.cnf
 /usr/share/texmf/web2c/mktex.cnf
 /usr/share/texmf/web2c/fmtutil.cnf
 /usr/share/texmf/tex/xmltex/xmltexfmtutil.cnf
 /usr/share/texmf/tex/jadetex/jadefmtutil.cnf
 /usr/share/doc/MySQL-server-community-5.1.22/my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf
 /usr/share/doc/MySQL-server-community-5.1.22/my-large.cnf
 /usr/share/doc/MySQL-server-community-5.1.22/my-small.cnf
 /usr/share/doc/MySQL-server-community-5.1.22/my-medium.cnf
 /usr/share/doc/MySQL-server-community-5.1.22/my-huge.cnf
2. 拷贝 small.cnf、my-medium.cnf、my-huge.cnf
    my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf，其中的一个到/etc下命名为my.cnf

    cp /usr/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

3. 修改my.cnf
 vi /etc/my.cnf
 在[client]下添加
 default-character-set=utf8
 在[mysqld]下添加
 default-character-set=utf8
4.重新启动MySQL
 [root@bogon ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql restart
 Shutting down MySQL                                         [ 确定 ]
 Starting MySQL.                                                  [ 确定 ] [root@bogon ~]# mysql -u root -p
 Enter password:
 Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
 Your MySQL connection id is 1
 Server version: 5.1.22-rc-community-log MySQL Community Edition (GPL)
 Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.
其他的一些设置方法：

修改数据库的字符集
 mysql>use mydb
 mysql>alter database mydb character set utf-8;
 创建数据库指定数据库的字符集 mysql>create database mydb character set utf-8;
通过配置文件修改:
 修改/var/lib/mysql/mydb/db.opt
 default-character-set=latin1
 default-collation=latin1_swedish_ci为
 default-character-set=utf8
 default-collation=utf8_general_ci 重起MySQL:
 [root@bogon ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql restart通过MySQL命令行修改:
 mysql> set character_set_client=utf8;
 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> set character_set_connection=utf8;
 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> set character_set_database=utf8;
 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> set character_set_results=utf8;
 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> set character_set_server=utf8;
 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> set character_set_system=utf8;
 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> set collation_connection=utf8;
 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> set collation_database=utf8;
 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> set collation_server=utf8;
 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

 

查看 数据库表中字段的字符集是否为utf8的 如果不是 还要设置字段为utf8格式的！

http://blog.51cto.com/hujiangtao/1918186