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如前所述,OpenResty是一个基于Nginx与Lua的高性能Web平台,内部集成了大量的Lua库、第三方模块以及大多数依赖。模块化既是OpenResty的特色,也是高性能Lua应用的关键。
在实际开发中,OpenResty已经为开发者提供了很多成熟且开箱即用的「模块」:cjson、redis客户端、mysql客户端等。
lua-resty-redis是为Lua提供的redis客户端,通过它可以完成Redis的操作,默认安装OpenResty时已经自带了该模块,可以在github中搜索「lua-resty-redis」找到它。
现在就通过LUA来操作Redis。
先在虚拟机上安装Redis,然后修改Redis的配置文件:
注释掉bind 127.0.0.1:
# bind 127.0.0.1
将protected-mode设为no:
protected-mode no
注释掉requirepass:
# requirepass 123456
启动redis服务:
systemctl start redis.service
创建redis.lua:
vi /usr/local/openresty/nginx/conf/lua/redis.lua
下面是redis.lua的内容:
-- 引入redis模块
local redis = require("resty.redis")
-- 创建实例
local red = redis:new()
-- 超时时间
red:set_timeout(1000)
-- 建立连接
local ok, err = red:connect("127.0.0.1", 6379)
if not ok then
return
end
-- 通过密码访问
-- local res, err = red:auth("123456")
-- if not res then
-- ngx.say("connect to redis error: ", err)
-- return
-- end
-- 保存数据
local res, err = red:set("hello", "hello world")
if not res then
ngx.say("set hello key error: ", err)
local ok, err = red:close()
if not ok then
ngx.say("close redis error: ", err)
end
end
-- 获得数据
local resp, err = red:get("hello")
if not resp then
ngx.say("get hello key error: ", err)
local ok, err = red:close()
if not ok then
ngx.say("close redis error: ", err)
end
end
-- 判空处理
if resp == ngx.null then
resp = ''
end
ngx.say("hello: ", resp)
修改lua.conf:
vi /usr/local/openresty/nginx/conf/lua.conf
其中的内容是:
server {
listen 80;
server_name _;
location /redis {
default_type 'text/html';
lua_code_cache on;
content_by_lua_file conf/lua/redis.lua;
}
}
运行测试:
重启Nginx服务:
/usr/local/openresty/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
执行curl命令:
curl 'http://127.0.0.1/redis'
得到结果:
hello: hello world
再次修改修改redis.lua:
-- 初始化管道
red:init_pipeline()
red:set("test1", "hello")
red:set("test2", "world")
red:get("test1")
red:get("test2")
local respTable, err = red:commit_pipeline()
-- 判空处理
if respTable == ngx.null then
respTable = {}
end
-- 结果是按照执行顺序返回的一个table
for i, v in ipairs(respTable) do
ngx.say("result: ", v)
end
运行测试:
重启Nginx服务:
/usr/local/openresty/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
执行curl命令:
curl 'http://127.0.0.1/redis'
得到结果:
hello: hello world
result : OK
result : OK
result : hello
result : world
如同Redis那样,OpenResty也封装好了操作mysql的模块。lua-resty-mysql是为Lua提供的mysql客户端,通过它可以完成mysql的操作,默认安装OpenResty时已经自带了该模块,可以在github中搜索「lua-resty-mysql」找到它。
首先创建创建mysql.lua:
vi /usr/local/openresty/nginx/conf/lua/mysql.lua
mysql.lua的内容是:
-- 引入mysql模块
local mysql = require("resty.mysql")
-- 创建实例
local db, err = mysql:new()
if not db then
ngx.say("new mysql error:", err)
return
end
-- 超时时间
db:set_timeout(5000)
-- 建立连接
local props = {
host = "127.0.0.1",
port = 3306,
database = "sys",
user = "root",
password = "123456"
}
local res, err, errno, state = db:connect(props)
if not res then
ngx.say("connect to mysql error: ", err, ", errno: ", errno, ", state: ", state)
return db:close()
end
-- 删除表
local drop_table_sql = "drop table if exists test"
res, err, errno, state = db:query(drop_table_sql)
if not res then
ngx.say("drop table error: ", err, ", errno: ", errno, ", state: ", state)
return db:close()
end
-- 创建表
local create_table_sql = "create table test(id int primary key auto_increment, name varchar(100))"
res, err, errno, state = db:query(create_table_sql)
if not res then
ngx.say("create table error: ", err, ", errno: ", errno, ", state: ", state)
return db:close()
end
-- 插入
local insert_sql = "insert into test (name) values('xiangwang')"
res, err, errno, state = db:query(insert_sql)
if not res then
ngx.say("insert error: ", err, ", errno: ", errno, ", state: ", state)
return db:close()
end
ngx.say("insert rows : ", res.affected_rows, ", id: ", res.insert_id)
-- 更新
local update_sql = "update test set name = 'xiangwang2' where id = " .. res.insert_id
res, err, errno, sqlstate = db:query(update_sql)
if not res then
ngx.say("update error: ", err, ", errno: ", errno, ", state: ", state)
return db:close()
end
ngx.say("update rows : ", res.affected_rows)
-- 查询
local select_sql = "select id, ch from test"
res, err, errno, sqlstate = db:query(select_sql)
if not res then
ngx.say("select error: ", err, ", errno: ", errno, ", state: ", state)
return db:close()
end
for i, row in ipairs(res) do
for name, value in pairs(row) do
ngx.say("select row ", i, " : ", name, " = ", value)
end
end
-- 防注入
-- local param = ngx.req.get_uri_args()["name"] or ''
-- local query_sql = "select id, name from test where name = " .. ngx.quote_sql_str(param)
-- res, err, errno, state = db:query(query_sql)
-- if not res then
-- ngx.say("select error: ", err, ", errno: ", errno, ", state: ", state)
-- return db:close()
-- end
-- for i, row in ipairs(res) do
-- for name, value in pairs(row) do
-- ngx.say("select row ", i, " : ", name, " = ", value)
-- end
-- end
-- 删除
local delete_sql = "delete from test"
res, err, errno, state = db:query(delete_sql)
if not res then
ngx.say("delete error: ", err, ", errno: ", errno, ", state: ", state)
return db:close()
end
ngx.say("delete rows: ", res.affected_rows)
修改lua.conf:
vi /usr/local/openresty/nginx/conf/lua.conf
lua.conf的内容是:
server {
listen 80;
server_name _;
location /mysql {
default_type 'text/html';
lua_code_cache on;
content_by_lua_file conf/lua/mysql.lua;
}
}
重启Nginx服务:
/usr/local/openresty/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
执行curl命令:
curl 'http://127.0.0.1/mysql
得到结果:
insert rows: 1, id: 1
update rows : 1
select row 1 : name = xiangwang2
select row 1 : id = 1
delete rows: 1