测试环境:Oracle9i,PL/SQL Developer 8.0,PL/SQL Developer 7.0
一同事通过PL/SQL Developer 8.0 创建 Oracle Jobs后,在Jobs文件夹下面看不到了,而在DBMS_Jobs文件夹下面的。而通过PL/SQL Developer 7.0 创建 Oracle Jobs后,是可以在Jobs文件夹下面看到的。对此很迷惑。
1:通过PL/SQL Developer 7.0 连接到Oralce后,在Jobs文件夹看到DBMS_Jobs(PL/SQL Developer 8.0自带,PL/SQL Developer 7.0没有)文件夹下面的自定义Jobs。所以通过PL/SQL Developer 8.0 创建 Oracle Jobs在DBMS_Jobs文件夹下面和通过PL/SQL Developer 8.0 创建 Oracle Jobs 显示在Jobs文件夹下面是一样的。
2:通过PL/SQL Developer 8.0 创建 Oracle Jobs  为什么不显示在Jobs文件夹下面呢?
    在PL/SQL Developer 8.0 To_Do_List 的Jobs 右键 New 出现的新建Jobs窗口和PL/SQL Developer 7.0差别很大。貌似这PL/SQL Developer 8.0 的Jobs 不支持Oralce 9i。因为一些选项不支持Oracle 9i
     报错截图:文字。表或视图不存在。select owner,program_name  from all_scheduler_programs.一些类似的错误。说明Oralce9i不支持在PL/SQL Developer 8.0  Jobs 右键 New 出现的新建Jobs的方法。
      
    一下文字来源于网络信息:
PL/SQL Developer 8.0 只支持使用 Oracle 10 dbms_scheduler 包创建的新型job(增强性计划任务)
Oracle 10g DBMS_SCHEDULER的中度解析
针对DBMS_SCHEDULER的使用方法进行了详尽的介绍,更多内容请参考下文: 
  DBMS_SCHEDULER是Oracle 10G中新增的一个包,与老版本的dbms_job包相比,dbms_scheduler有很多新特性,我将通过一系列的文章来介绍一下如何使用这个包. 
  1. 创建job 
  job是什么呢? 简单的说就是计划(schedule)加上任务说明. 另外还有一些必须的参数. 
  这里提到的"任务"可以是数据库内部的存储过程,匿名的PL/SQL块,也可以是操作系统级别的脚本. 
  可以有两种方式来定义"计划": 
  1) 使用DBMS_SCHDULER.CREATE_SCHEDULE 定义一个计划; 
  2) 调用DBMS_SCHDULER.CREATE_JOBE过程直接指定 (下面会详细说明) 
  在创建一个计划时,你至少需要指定下面的属性,它们是job运行所必须的: 
  开始时间 (start_time); 
  重复频率 (repeat_interval); 
  结束时间 (end_time) 
  另外,对于一个job而言,还有很多的附加参数: 
  job_class 
  job_priority 
  auto_drop 
  restartable 
  max_runs 
  max_failures 
  schedule_limit 
  logging_level 
  下面,我以问答的形式来具体解释. 
  Q1:怎么从数据库中查询job的属性 ? 
  A1: 有两种方法: 
  1) 查询(DBA|ALL|USER)_SCHEDULER_JOBS 视图 
  (提示: 根据用户权限的不同,选择性的查询 DBA|ALL|USER视图) 
  2) 调用DBMS_SCHEDULER包中的GET_ATTRIBUTE 过程 
  Q2: 怎么设置这些属性呢? 
  A2: 也是有两种方法 
  1) 在创建job时直接指定 
  2) 调用DBMS_SCHEDULER包中的SET_ATTRIBUTE 过程 
  Q3: "我需要什么权限才能创建job" ? 
  它可以创建属主为任何用户(SYS用户除外)的job. 
  缺省情况下,job会被创建在当前的schema下,并且是没有激活的; 如果要使job一创建 
  就自动激活,需要显式的设置enabled 属性为true, 来看一个例子: 
  begin 
  dbms_scheduler.create_job 
  ( 
  job_name => 'ARC_MOVE', 
  schedule_name => 'EVERY_60_MINS', 
  job_type => 'EXECUTABLE', 
  job_action => '/home/dbtools/move_arcs.sh', 
  enabled => true, 
  comments => 'Move Archived Logs to a Different Directory' 
  ); 
  end; 
  / 
  Q4: 能不能详细地讲述一下上面这个过程用到的各个参数? 
  A4: 
  job_name: 顾名思义,每个job都必须有一个的名称 
  schedule_name: 如果定义了计划,在这里指定计划的名称 
  job_type: 目前支持三种类型: 
  PL/SQL块: PLSQL_BLOCK, 
  存储过程: STORED_PROCEDURE 
  外部程序: EXECUTABLE (外部程序可以是一个shell脚本,也可以是操作系统级别的指令). 
  job_action: 根据job_type的不同,job_action有不同的含义. 
  如果job_type指定的是存储过程,就需要指定存储过程的名字; 
  如果job_type指定的是PL/SQL块,就需要输入完整的PL/SQL代码; 
  如果job_type指定的外部程序,就需要输入script的名称或者操作系统的指令名 
  enabled: 上面已经说过了,指定job创建完毕是否自动激活 
  comments: 对于job的简单说明 
  2. 指定job的执行频率 
  如果我们创建了一个job,并且希望它按照我们指定的日期和时间来运行,就需要定义job的重复频度了. 例如每天运行,每周日的22:00运行, 每周一,三,五运行,每年的最后一个星期天运行等等. 
  (说明:10G以前的版本,与操作系统的交互方面,实现的不是很好。例如要实现一个定期的rman备份任务,就需要结合OS的命令来实现,在UNIX下可以用crontab实现,在windows下用AT命令来实现) 
  10G 在这方面有了很大的增强,因为创建job时可以直接指定操作系统的命令或者脚本,再合理的定义job的执行频率,可以很轻松地完成复杂的调度任务. 
  10G 支持两种模式的repeat_interval,一种是PL/SQL表达式,这也是dbms_job包中所使用的,例如SYSDATE+1, SYSDATE + 30/24*60; 另一种就是日历表达式。 
  例如MON表示星期一,SUN表示星期天,DAY表示每天,WEEK表示每周等等. 下面来看几个使用日历表达式的例子: 
  repeat_interval => 'FREQ=HOURLY; INTERVAL=2' 
  每隔2小时运行一次job 
  repeat_interval => 'FREQ=DAILY' 
  每天运行一次job 
  repeat_interval => 'FREQ=WEEKLY; BYDAY=MON,WED,FRI" 
  每周的1,3,5运行job 
  repeat_interval => 'FREQ=YEARLY; BYMONTH=MAR,JUN,SEP,DEC; BYMONTHDAY=30' 
  每年的3,6,9,12月的30号运行job 
  用过crontab的人应该都有种似曾相识的感觉吧,呵呵 
  下面再说说使用日历表达式的规则: 
  日历表达式基本分为三部分: 第一部分是频率,也就是"FREQ"这个关键字,它是必须指定的; 第二部分是时间间隔,也就是"INTERVAL"这个关键字,取值范围是1-999. 它是可选的参数; 最后一部分是附加的参数,可用于精确地指定日期和时间,它也是可选的参数,例如下面这些值都是合法的: 
  BYMONTH,BYWEEKNO,BYYEARDAY,BYMONTHDAY,BYDAY 
  BYHOUR,BYMINUTE,BYSECOND 
  详细的参数说明请参考 dbms_scheduler的使用说明. 
  既然说到了repeat_interval,你可能要问:"有没有一种简便的方法来得出,或者说是评估出job的每次运行时间,以及下一次的运行时间呢?" 
  dbms_scheduler包提供了一个过程evaluate_calendar_string,可以很方便地完成这个需求. 来看下面的例子: 
  SQL> set serveroutput on size 999999 
  SQL> declare 
  L_start_date TIMESTAMP; 
  l_next_date TIMESTAMP; 
  l_return_date TIMESTAMP; 
  begin 
  l_start_date := trunc(SYSTIMESTAMP); 
  l_return_date := l_start_date; 
  for ctr in 1..10 loop 
  dbms_scheduler.evaluate_calendar_string( 
  'FREQ=DAILY; BYDAY=MON,TUE,WED,THU,FRI; BYHOUR=7,15', 
  l_start_date, l_return_date, l_next_date 
  ); 
  dbms_output.put_line('Next Run on: ' || 
  to_char(l_next_date,'mm/dd/yyyy hh24:mi:ss') 
  ); 
  l_return_date := l_next_date; 
  end loop; 
  end; 
  / 
  输出结果如下: 
  Next Run on: 03/22/2004 07:00:00 
  Next Run on: 03/22/2004 15:00:00 
  Next Run on: 03/23/2004 07:00:00 
  Next Run on: 03/23/2004 15:00:00 
  Next Run on: 03/24/2004 07:00:00 
  Next Run on: 03/24/2004 15:00:00 
  Next Run on: 03/25/2004 07:00:00 
  Next Run on: 03/25/2004 15:00:00 
  Next Run on: 03/26/2004 07:00:00 
  Next Run on: 03/26/2004 15:00:00如果想要支持的话,只能使用SQL命令行管理传统job了
Job scheduling from Oracle 10g with dbms_scheduler
In Oracle 10g the DBMS_JOB package is replaced by the DBMS_SCHEDULER package. The DBMS_JOB package is now depricated and in Oracle 10g it's only provided for backward compatibility. From Oracle 10g the DBMS_JOB package should not be used any more, because is could not exist in a future version of Oracle.With DBMS_SCHEDULER Oracle procedures and functions can be executed. Also binary and shell-scripts can be scheduled.
Rights
If you have DBA rights you can do all the scheduling. For administering job scheduling you need the priviliges belonging to the SCHEDULER_ADMIN role. To create and run jobs in your own schedule you need the 'CREATE JOB' privilege. With DBMS_JOB you needed to set an initialization parameter to start a job coordinator background process. With Oracle 10g DBMS_SCHEDULER this is not needed any more.
If you want to user resource plans and/or consumer groups you need to set a system parameter:
ALTER SYSTEM SET RESOURCE_LIMIT = TRUE; 
Getting started quickly 
To quickly get a job running, you can use code like this:begin
  dbms_scheduler.create_job(
      job_name => 'DEMO_JOB_SCHEDULE'
     ,job_type => 'PLSQL_BLOCK'
     ,job_action => 'begin package.procedure(''param_value''); end; '
     ,start_date => '01/01/2006 02:00 AM'
     ,repeat_interval => 'FREQ=DAILY'
     ,enabled => TRUE
     ,comments => 'Demo for job schedule.');
end;
/
This schedules a pl/sql block to be executed daily starting 1/1/2006 02:00 AM.
You can schedule things like this, but DBMS_SCHEDULER can reuse components. You can build a schedule using components like program, schedule, job, job class and window. We will now discuss these components in detail.
Program 
The program component represents program-code that can be executed. This program code can have parameters. Code examplebegin
   dbms_scheduler.create_program (
       program_name => 'DEMO_JOB_SCHEDULE'
      ,program_type => 'STORED_PROCEDURE'
      ,program_action => 'package.procedure'
      ,number_of_arguments => 1
      ,enabled => FALSE
      ,comments => 'Demo for job schedule.');
      
   dbms_scheduler.define_program_argument (
       program_name => 'DEMO_JOB_SCHEDULE'
      ,argument_position => 1
      ,argument_name => 'kol1'
      ,argument_type => 'VARCHAR2'
      ,default_value => 'default'
    );
    dbms_scheduler.enable(name => 'DEMO_JOB_SCHEDULE');
end;
/
The parameter program_type can have one of the following values: 'PLSQL_BLOCK', 'STORED_PROCEDURE','EXECUTABLE'.
dbms_scheduler also allows to execute shell scripts (Windows: *.bat files) and executables. Schedule 
A schedule defines the frequence and date/time specifics of the start-time for the job.
example codebegin
  dbms_scheduler.create_schedule(  
      schedule_name => 'DEMO_SCHEDULE'
    , start_date =>  '01/01/2006 22:00:00'
    , repeat_interval => 'FREQ=WEEKLY'
    , comments => 'Weekly at 22:00');
END;
/To drop the schedule:
begin
  dbms_scheduler.drop_schedule(
     schedule_name => 'DEMO_SCHEDULE'
     , force => TRUE );
end;
/
Calendar expresions can have one of these values: 'Yearly','Monthly','Weekly','Daily','Hourly','Minutely','Secondely' 
Job 
A job defines when a specific task will be started. This can be done by assigning a program to one or more schedules (or to a specific date/time). A job can belong to only 1 job class. Code examplebegin
  dbms_scheduler.create_job(
       job_name => 'DEMO_JOB1'
     , program_name =>'DEMO_JOB_SCHEDULE'
     , schedule_name =>'DEMO_SCHEDULE'
     , enabled => FALSE
     , comments => 'Run demo program every week at 22:00');   dbms_scheduler.set_job_argument_value(
        job_name => 'DEMO_JOB1'
      , argument_position => 1
      , argument_value => 'param1');   dbms_scheduler.enable('DEMO_JOB1');
   commit;    
end;
/Or start shell script
begin
   dbms_scheduler.create_job
   (
      job_name      => 'RUN_SHELL1',
      schedule_name => 'DEMO_SCHEDULE',
      job_type      => 'EXECUTABLE',
      job_action    => '/home/test/run_script.sh',
      enabled       => true,
      comments      => 'Run shell-script'
   );
end;
/
Monitoring job-scheduling 
Jobs can be monitored using Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g. It's also possible to use a number of views that have been created in Oracle 10g. We will discuss some of these views here. To show details on job run:
select log_date
,      job_name
,      status
,      req_start_date
,      actual_start_date
,      run_duration
from   dba_scheduler_job_run_details
  
To show running jobs:
select job_name
,      session_id
,      running_instance
,      elapsed_time
,      cpu_used
from dba_scheduler_running_jobs;
  
To show job history:
select log_date
,      job_name
,      status
from dba_scheduler_job_log;show all schedules:
select schedule_name, schedule_type, start_date, repeat_interval 
from dba_scheduler_schedules;show all jobs and their attributes:
select *
from dba_scheduler_jobsshow all program-objects and their attributes
select *
from dba_scheduler_programs;show all program-arguments:
select *
from   dba_scheduler_program_args;