关于在Spring中的任务计划的使用
我今天结合Spring技术手册中的内容，总共总结了5个方面：
1：使用最简单的任务计划，就是继承java.util.TimerTask类，最关键的当然是配置beans-config.xml
文件了，因为我们使用的是spring来管理任务计划。
继承TimerTask类的写法如下：
package com;
import java.util.TimerTask;
public
class DemoTask
extends TimerTask {
public
void run() {
System.out.println(
"任务程序启动，这时我的第一个任务程序......");
}
}
beans-config.xml的写法如下：
<?
xml
version
="1.0"
encoding
="UTF-8"
?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN"
"[url]http://www.springframework.org[/url]/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
<
beans
>
<!--
定义定时任务类-->
<
bean
id
="demoTask"
class
="com.DemoTask"
/>
<
bean
id
="scheduledTimerTask"
class
="org.springframework.scheduling.timer.ScheduledTimerTask"
>
<!--
这里定义定时任务的对象的位置-->
<
property
name
="timerTask"
>
<
ref
bean
="demoTask"
/>
</
property
>
<!--
这里定义每六秒钟程序执行一次-->
<
property
name
="period"
>
<
value
>6000
</
value
>
</
property
>
<!--
这里定义程序启动两秒钟后开始执行-->
<
property
name
="delay"
>
<
value
>2000
</
value
>
</
property
>
</
bean
>
<
bean
id
="timerFactoryBean"
class
="org.springframework.scheduling.timer.TimerFactoryBean"
>
<
property
name
="scheduledTimerTasks"
>
<
list
>
<
ref
bean
="scheduledTimerTask"
/>
</
list
>
</
property
>
</
bean
>
</
beans
>
启动程序的写法：
package com;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import org.springframework.context .support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext;
public
class TimerTaskDemo {
/**
* @author sunny 这个程序用于测试spring框架中的任务管理，这个一个最简单地实现定时任务的方式
* @param args
*/
public
static
void main(String[] args)
throws Exception{
new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext(
"beans-config.xml");
System.out.println(
"启动任务...");
System.out.println(
"请输入exit关闭程序.....");
BufferedReader reader =
new BufferedReader(
new InputStreamReader(System.in));
while(
true){
if(reader.readLine().equals(
"exit")){
System.exit(0);
}
}
}
}
2：当我们在程序中不能继承TimerTask类了，我们应该怎样写呢？那我们就需要在程序中使用spring提供的"org.springframework.scheduling.timer.MethodInvokingTimerTaskFactoryBean"类来进行处理了。不同的地方就是
xml的配置文件的写法，程序中需要指定执行哪一个类的哪一个方法：
<?
xml
version
="1.0"
encoding
="UTF-8"
?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN"
"http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
<
beans
>
<!--
定义定时任务类-->
<
bean
id
="demoTask"
class
="com.DemoTask"
/>
<
bean
id
="timerTaskBean"
class
="org.springframework.scheduling.timer.MethodInvokingTimerTaskFactoryBean"
>
<
property
name
="targetObject"
>
<
ref
bean
="demoTask"
/>
</
property
>
<
property
name
="targetMethod"
>
<
value
>run
</
value
>
</
property
>
</
bean
>
<
bean
id
="scheduledTimerTask"
class
="org.springframework.scheduling.timer.ScheduledTimerTask"
>
<!--
这里定义定时任务的对象的位置-->
<
property
name
="timerTask"
>
<
ref
bean
="timerTaskBean"
/>
</
property
>
<!--
这里定义每六秒钟程序执行一次-->
<
property
name
="period"
>
<
value
>6000
</
value
>
</
property
>
<!--
这里定义程序启动两秒钟后开始执行-->
<
property
name
="delay"
>
<
value
>2000
</
value
>
</
property
>
</
bean
>
<
bean
id
="timerFactoryBean"
class
="org.springframework.scheduling.timer.TimerFactoryBean"
>
<
property
name
="scheduledTimerTasks"
>
<
list
>
<
ref
bean
="scheduledTimerTask"
/>
</
list
>
</
property
>
</
bean
>
</
beans
>
3A：由于jdk标准api提供的Timer功能有限，只能指定任务与任务之间的周期，而无法指定某个特定的时间内执行某项任务，所以现在
推荐使用Quartz来解决这样的问题。接下来的这个程序仍然是解决周期问题的，要循序渐进。。。
QuartzJobBean 类用于重复调用JobData 类的方法执行getData()方法。QuartzJobBean 必须继承QuartzJobBean
package com;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.QuartzJobBean;
public
class DemoJob
extends QuartzJobBean {
private JobData jobData;
protected
void executeInternal(JobExecutionContext arg0) {
System.out.println(jobData.getData() +
" 第一个已经被执行了！！");
}
public JobData getJobData() {
return jobData;
}
public
void setJobData(JobData jobData) {
this.jobData = jobData;
}
}
package com;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
public
class JobData {
public String getData() {
SimpleDateFormat ddd =
new SimpleDateFormat(
"yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss");
return
"Data from " + ddd.format(
new Date());
}
}
关键在于beans-config.xml配置文件的写法
<?
xml
version
="1.0"
encoding
="UTF-8"
?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN"
" [url]http://www.springframework.org[/url]/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
<
beans
>
<!--
定义定时任务类-->
<
bean
id
="someData"
class
="com.JobData"
/>
<
bean
id
="jobDetailBean"
class
="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.JobDetailBean"
>
<
property
name
="jobClass"
>
<
value
>com.DemoJob
</
value
>
</
property
>
<
property
name
="jobDataAsMap"
>
<
map
>
<
entry
key
="jobData"
>
<
ref
bean
="someData"
/>
</
entry
>
</
map
>
</
property
>
</
bean
>
<
bean
id
="simpleTriggerBean"
class
="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SimpleTriggerBean"
>
<!--
这里定义定时任务的对象的位置-->
<
property
name
="jobDetail"
>
<
ref
bean
="jobDetailBean"
/>
</
property
>
<!--
这里定义每六秒钟程序执行一次-->
<
property
name
="repeatInterval"
>
<
value
>6000
</
value
>
</
property
>
<!--
这里定义程序启动两秒钟后开始执行-->
<
property
name
="startDelay"
>
<
value
>2000
</
value
>
</
property
>
</
bean
>
<
bean
id
="timerFactoryBean"
class
="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean"
>
<
property
name
="triggers"
>
<
list
>
<
ref
bean
="simpleTriggerBean"
/>
</
list
>
</
property
>
</
bean
>
</
beans
>
启动程序的文件相同。
3B:
如果需求中要求将来的某个时间点执行某项操作，那么配置文件中则必须使用
org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerBean。具体配置如下：
<?
xml
version
="1.0"
encoding
="UTF-8"
?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN"
"[url]http://www.springframework.org[/url]/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
<
beans
>
<!--
定义定时任务类-->
<
bean
id
="someData"
class
="com.JobData"
/>
<
bean
id
="jobDetailBean"
class
="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.JobDetailBean"
>
<
property
name
="jobClass"
>
<
value
>com.DemoJob
</
value
>
</
property
>
<
property
name
="jobDataAsMap"
>
<
map
>
<
entry
key
="jobData"
>
<
ref
bean
="someData"
/>
</
entry
>
</
map
>
</
property
>
</
bean
>
<
bean
id
="cronTriggerBean"
class
="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerBean"
>
<!--
这里定义定时任务的对象的位置-->
<
property
name
="jobDetail"
>
<
ref
bean
="jobDetailBean"
/>
</
property
>
<!--
这里定义每天11点07分的时候程序执行一次-->
<
property
name
="cronExpression"
>
<
value
>0 07 11 * * ?
</
value
>
</
property
>
</
bean
>
<
bean
id
="schedulerFactoryBean"
class
="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean"
>
<
property
name
="triggers"
>
<
list
>
<
ref
bean
="cronTriggerBean"
/>
</
list
>
</
property
>
</
bean
>
</
beans
>
4：如果程序不允许继承QuartzJobBean类，我们怎样处理呢？那么我们可以采用spring提供的MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean
来进行处理，
package com;
/**
* 这里不需要继承quartz类了
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public
class DemoJob {
private JobData jobData;
public JobData getJobData() {
return jobData;
}
public
void setJobData(JobData jobData) {
this.jobData = jobData;
}
public
void execute(){
System.out.println(jobData.getData() +
" 被执行了。");
}
}
package com;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
public
class JobData {
public String getData() {
SimpleDateFormat ddd =
new SimpleDateFormat(
"yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss");
return
"Data from " + ddd.format(
new Date());
}
}
具体的xml文件配置如下：
<?
xml
version
="1.0"
encoding
="UTF-8"
?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN"
"http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
<
beans
>
<!--
定义定时任务类-->
<
bean
id
="someData"
class
="com.JobData"
/>
<
bean
id
="someJob"
class
="com.DemoJob"
>
<
property
name
="jobData"
>
<
ref
bean
="someData"
/>
</
property
>
</
bean
>
<
bean
id
="jobDetailBean"
class
="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean"
>
<
property
name
="targetObject"
>
<
ref
bean
="someJob"
/>
</
property
>
<
property
name
="targetMethod"
>
<
value
>execute
</
value
>
</
property
>
</
bean
>
<
bean
id
="cronTriggerBean"
class
="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerBean"
>
<!--
这里定义定时任务的对象的位置-->
<
property
name
="jobDetail"
>
<
ref
bean
="jobDetailBean"
/>
</
property
>
<!--
这里定义每天11点07分的时候程序执行一次-->
<
property
name
="cronExpression"
>
<
value
>0 27 11 * * ?
</
value
>
</
property
>
</
bean
>
<
bean
id
="schedulerFactoryBean"
class
="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean"
>
<
property
name
="triggers"
>
<
list
>
<
ref
bean
="cronTriggerBean"
/>
</
list
>
</
property
>
</
bean
>
</
beans
>
转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/sunny/32366
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