unity 分布式架构

一.架构

1. AssetBundle打包管理

2.类对象池资源池对象池 打包管理ssetBundle打包管理

3.离线数据及配置表

4.使用框架制作简单的UI系统

预备知识 :

1.程序集

2.unity资源加载方式介绍 

3.c#的xml序列化  

4.unity asset序列化

二.程序集

unity2017.3之后可以自定义程序集,方便解耦,项目中一些底层的东西可以打包以方便跨平台使用,新建test脚本:

 该dll生成目录为(2018之后还会默认生成一些dll) :

 自定义程序集 :

你会发现先前创建的test.cs会属于新创建的test1.dll,之前默认的dll也不见了：

也就是说，新建的 dll会包含同级目录以及子目录中的脚本(不会包含同级文件夹中的脚本,总的来说就是就近原则,以文件夹区分)

我们都知道没有引用一个库(using),是无法调用其中的脚本的,当自定义程序集想要引用其他自定义的程序集时,需要添加依赖,这样我们可以自定义程序集之间的依赖关系

而默认程序集(Assembly-CSharp.dll)是自动依赖所有自定义的程序集,不需手动添加依赖

 

三.资源加载

拖到组件上(商业基本不会用)   

 2.Resources.load  

         商用不常用,Resources底下资源是有限的,大概2个G,一般放配置表之类的

 3.AssetBundle (商用模式常用,比Resources.load 效率高,占用内存小)

     ①.打包

public class BundleEditor : MonoBehaviour {

	[MenuItem("Tool/打包")]
    public static void Build()
    {
        //将AB打包在StreamingAssets文件夹下,注意先创建该文件夹
        BuildPipeline.BuildAssetBundles(Application.streamingAssetsPath,
            BuildAssetBundleOptions.ChunkBasedCompression,EditorUserBuildSettings.activeBuildTarget); 
        AssetDatabase.Refresh(); //编辑器的刷新
    }
}

 将要打包的资源进行AB命名:

 Tool - 打包 :

   ②.访问

void Start () {
        AssetBundle assetBundle = AssetBundle.LoadFromFile(Application.streamingAssetsPath + "/abtest.aaa");
        GameObject gameObject = Instantiate(assetBundle.LoadAsset<GameObject>("attack"));
	}

//Assets目录下的相对路径,要加上后缀
        //主要用于在编辑器中用代码更改本地文件
        GameObject gameObject = Instantiate(
            UnityEditor.AssetDatabase.LoadAssetAtPath<GameObject>("Assets/GameData/Prefabs/Attack.prefab"));

四.c#的xml序列化  (将一个类序列化本地数据)

1.类与xml相互转化(实际上不用,太明显,数据量也大)

需要转化的类 :

using System.Xml.Serialization;

//需要序列化的类上需要有这个标签
[System.Serializable]
public class ToXml
{ //注意不要继承MonoBehaviour
    [XmlAttribute("id")]
    public int id;
    [XmlElement("list")]//也可以用XmlArray
    public List<int> list { get; set; }
}

类转xml :

using System.Xml.Serialization;

public class LoadFromStreamingFile : MonoBehaviour {
	void Start () {
        OnSerialize();
    }

	void Update () {
		
	}

    public void OnSerialize()
    {
        ToXml toXml = new ToXml();
        toXml.id = -1;
        toXml.list = new List<int>();
        toXml.list.Add(1);
        toXml.list.Add(2);
        xmlSerialize(toXml);
    }
    public void xmlSerialize(ToXml toxml)
    {
        FileStream fileStream = new FileStream(Application.dataPath + "/test.xml",FileMode.Create,FileAccess.ReadWrite,
           FileShare.ReadWrite ); //打开文件流
        StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(fileStream,System.Text.Encoding.UTF8);  //打开写入流
        XmlSerializer xmlSerializer = new XmlSerializer(toxml.GetType()); //需要传入序列化类的类型
        xmlSerializer.Serialize(sw, toxml);
        //关闭
        sw.Close();
        fileStream.Close();
    }
}

转化之后:

 xml文件转类:

public void DeSerialize()
    {
        ToXml toXml = xmlDeSerialize();
        Debug.Log(toXml.id);
        foreach(int i in toXml.list)
        {
            Debug.Log(i);
        }
    }
public ToXml xmlDeSerialize()
    {
        Debug.Log(Application.dataPath + "/test.xml");
        FileStream fileStream = new FileStream(Application.dataPath + "/test.xml", FileMode.Open, FileAccess.ReadWrite,
           FileShare.ReadWrite); //打开文件流
        XmlSerializer xmlSerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(ToXml)); //需要传入序列化类的类型
        ToXml toXml = (ToXml)xmlSerializer.Deserialize(fileStream);
        fileStream.Close();
        return toXml;
    }

2.类转成二进制

序列化:

public void OnBinarySerialize()
    {
        ToXml toXml = new ToXml();
        toXml.id = -1;
        toXml.list = new List<int>();
        toXml.list.Add(1);
        toXml.list.Add(2);
        BinarySerilizer(toXml);
    }
   public void BinarySerilizer(ToXml toXml)
    {
        Debug.Log(Application.dataPath);
        FileStream fileStream = new FileStream(Application.dataPath + "/test.bytes", FileMode.Create, FileAccess.ReadWrite,
           FileShare.ReadWrite); //打开文件流
        BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter();
        bf.Serialize(fileStream, toXml);
        fileStream.Close();
    }

反序列化:

public void DeBinarySerialize()
    {
       ToXml toXml = BinaryDeSerialize();
        Debug.Log(toXml.id);
        foreach (int i in toXml.list)
        {
            Debug.Log(i);
        }
    }
public ToXml BinaryDeSerialize()
    {
        TextAsset textAsset = UnityEditor.AssetDatabase.LoadAssetAtPath<TextAsset>("Assets/test.bytes");
        MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream(textAsset.bytes);
        BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter();
        ToXml toXml = (ToXml)bf.Deserialize(stream);
        stream.Close();
        return toXml;
    }

五.unity asset序列化

[CreateAssetMenu(fileName ="TestAssets",menuName = "CreateAssets",order = 0)]
public class AssetSerialize : ScriptableObject {
    public int id;
    public List<string> TestList;
	
}

 

注意dictionary是序列化不好的,一般使用两个list保存

public void ReadTestAssets()
    {
        AssetSerialize assetSerialize = UnityEditor.AssetDatabase.LoadAssetAtPath<AssetSerialize>
            ("Assets/1.架构以及预备知识/scripts/TestAssets.asset");
        Debug.Log(assetSerialize.id);
        foreach (string i in assetSerialize.TestList)
        {
            Debug.Log(i);
        }
    }