做iOS开发要经常用到UILabel。UILabel一般只适用一些简单的文字显示。当需要复杂的图文混排的时候,可以用CoreText来做。但是CoreText用法复杂,当我们遇到一些不是很复杂的交互需求时,用CoreText就有点杀鸡用牛刀的意思。这里介绍一下我在项目里遇到的一个案例。
先来看看效果:



这里要求文字都是竖排显示,并且当文字是非汉字的时候又要把文字侧过来以方便阅读。
下面就介绍一下我实现这个需求的过程。

一、计算label的高度

在很多场景下,我们需要事先知道这个label的size,下面这个方法可以计算在已知width、font和label中的text内容的情况下,这个label的高度。


- (CGSize)getSize:(NSString *)detail font:(UIFont *)font width:(         float         )width        


         {        


                  CGSize constraint = CGSizeMake(width,          20000         .0f);        


                  CGSize size = [detail sizeWithFont:font constrainedToSize:constraint lineBreakMode:UILineBreakModeCharacterWrap];        


                  return         size;        


         }


利用这个方法也可以简单的实现竖排显示文字,只需要把width参数设置成一个字符的宽度就可以。一般字体大小在14 – 20之间,width参数设置为14.0

二、如何让label置顶或其它

label默认的textAlignment只有UITextAlignmentLeft、UITextAlignmentCenter、UITextAlignmentRight三种。
在需要文字居顶,居底时,UILabel的api就不够用了。不过这个时候我们可以通过重写UILabel的- (CGRect)textRectForBounds:(CGRect)bounds limitedToNumberOfLines:(NSInteger)numberOfLines方法来实现。代码如下:


- (CGRect)textRectForBounds:(CGRect)bounds limitedToNumberOfLines:(NSInteger)numberOfLines        


         {        


                  CGRect textRect = [         super         textRectForBounds:bounds limitedToNumberOfLines:numberOfLines];        


                  switch         (self.verticalAlignment) {        


                  case         VerticalAlignmentTop:        


                  textRect.origin.y = bounds.origin.y;        


                  break         ;        


                  case         VerticalAlignmentBottom:        


                  textRect.origin.y = bounds.origin.y + bounds.size.height - textRect.size.height;        


                  break         ;        


                  case         VerticalAlignmentMiddle:        


                  // Fall through.        


                  default         :        


                  textRect.origin.y = bounds.origin.y + (bounds.size.height - textRect.size.height) /          2.0         ;        


                  }        


                  return         textRect;        


         }        


                  


         // 然后在drawTextInRect:方法中使用重新计算的CGRect        


                  


         -(         void         )drawTextInRect:(CGRect)requestedRect        


         {        


                  CGRect actualRect = [self textRectForBounds:requestedRect limitedToNumberOfLines:self.numberOfLines];        


                  [         super         drawTextInRect:actualRect];        


         }


三、竖排显示文字时,如何让汉字竖排,而英文和数字为横排

汉字竖排显示没有压力,但是如果英文也都竖排显示就很难读懂了。
我这里的做法是:
1、拆分label的内容,把汉字、英文拆分开,并放在多个label中显示。
2、英文横排显示,然后把label旋转90度。

代码如下:
a) 拆分内容


/**        


         *  拆分标题中的中文与非中文        


         */        


         - (NSArray *)splitTitle:(NSString *)title        


         {        


                  NSArray *stringItemArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];        


                  int         type =          0         ;        


                  if         ([self isChinese:title index:         0         ]) {        


                  type =          1         ;        


                  }          else          {        


                  type =          0         ;        


                  }        


                  int         fromIndex =          0         ;        


                  int         toIndex =          0         ;        


                  for         (         int         i =          1         ; i < title.length; i++) {        


                  if         (type ==          1         ) {        


                  if         ([self isChinese:title index:i]) {        


                  if         (i == title.length -          1         ) {        


                  StringItem *item = [[StringItem alloc] init];        


                  item.isChinese = [self isChinese:title index:i];        


                  item.content = [title substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(fromIndex, title.length - fromIndex)];        


                  [stringItemArray addObject:item];        


                  [item release];        


                  }        


                  toIndex = i;        


                  }          else          {        


                  type =          0         ;        


                  StringItem *item = [[StringItem alloc] init];        


                  item.isChinese = YES;        


                  item.content = [title substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(fromIndex, toIndex - fromIndex +          1         )];        


                  [stringItemArray addObject:item];        


                  [item release];        


                  


                  fromIndex = i;        


                  toIndex = i;        


                  if         (i == title.length -          1         ) {        


                  StringItem *item = [[StringItem alloc] init];        


                  item.isChinese = [self isChinese:title index:i];        


                  item.content = [title substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(fromIndex, title.length - fromIndex)];        


                  [stringItemArray addObject:item];        


                  [item release];        


                  


                  }        


                  }        


                  }          else          {        


                  if         (![self isChinese:title index:i]) {        


                  if         (i == title.length -          1         ) {        


                  StringItem *item = [[StringItem alloc] init];        


                  item.isChinese = [self isChinese:title index:i];        


                  item.content = [title substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(fromIndex, title.length - fromIndex)];        


                  [stringItemArray addObject:item];        


                  [item release];        


                  


                  }        


                  toIndex = i;        


                  }          else          {        


                  type =          1         ;        


                  StringItem *item = [[StringItem alloc] init];        


                  item.isChinese = NO;        


                  item.content = [title substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(fromIndex, toIndex - fromIndex +          1         )];        


                  [stringItemArray addObject:item];        


                  [item release];        


                  


                  fromIndex = i;        


                  toIndex = i;        


                  if         (i == title.length -          1         ) {        


                  StringItem *item = [[StringItem alloc] init];        


                  item.isChinese = [self isChinese:title index:i];        


                  item.content = [title substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(fromIndex, title.length - fromIndex)];        


                  [stringItemArray addObject:item];        


                  [item release];        


                  }        


                  }        


                  }        


                  }        


                  return         stringItemArray;        


         }        


                  //判断是否是中文         


         - (BOOL)isChinese:(NSString *)str index:(         int         )index        


         {        


                  NSRange range = NSMakeRange(index,          1         );        


                  NSString *subString = [str substringWithRange:range];        


                  const         char          *cString = [subString UTF8String];        


                  if         (strlen(cString) ==          3         ) {        


                  return         YES;        


                  }          else          {        


                  return         NO;        


                  }        


         }


b) 处理多个label,非中文的label旋转90度

CGRect frame = self.frame;        


         UIFont *font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:         16         ];        


         float         height =          40         ;        


         for         (StringItem *item in stringItemArray) {        


                  if         (item.isChinese) {        


                  CGSize size = [self getSize:item.content font:font];        


                  VerticallyAlignedLabel *label = [[VerticallyAlignedLabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake((frame.size.width - size.width) /          2         , height, size.width, size.height)];        


                  label.verticalAlignment = VerticalAlignmentTop;        


                  label.textAlignment = UITextAlignmentCenter;        


                  label.textColor = textColor;        


                  label.font = font;        


                  label.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];        


                  [label setLineBreakMode:UILineBreakModeWordWrap];        


                  label.text = item.content;        


                  


                  label.numberOfLines =          0         ;        


                  


                  [self addSubview:label];        


                  height = height + label.frame.size.height;        


                  }          else          {        


                  CGSize size = [self getVerSize:item.content font:font];        


                  VerticallyAlignedLabel *label = [[VerticallyAlignedLabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake((frame.size.width - size.height) /          2         , height, size.height > frame.size.height - height ? frame.size.height - height : size.width, size.height)];        


                  label.verticalAlignment = VerticalAlignmentTop;        


                  label.textAlignment = UITextAlignmentCenter;        


                  label.textColor = textColor;        


                  label.font = font;        


                  label.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];        


                  [label setLineBreakMode:UILineBreakModeWordWrap];        


                  label.text = item.content;        


                  


                  label.numberOfLines =          1         ;        


                  


                  label.transform = CGAffineTransformMakeRotation(M_PI_2);        


                  


                  label.frame = CGRectMake((frame.size.width - label.frame.size.width) /          2         , height, label.frame.size.width, label.frame.size.height);        


                  [self addSubview:label];        


                  height = height + label.frame.size.height;        


                  }        


         }


这样我们就可以用一些简单的api去实现优雅的竖排文字显示。而不需要复杂的CoreText去实现了。
但是如果是复杂的图文混排,最好还是用CoreText去实现。CoreText的用法以后会介绍。