rabbit redis 发布订阅对比

原创

mob64ca12dd8bce 2024-06-10 04:23:25 ©著作权

文章标签 Redis 消息队列 redis 文章分类 Redis 数据库

©著作权归作者所有：来自51CTO博客作者mob64ca12dd8bce的原创作品，请联系作者获取转载授权，否则将追究法律责任

RabbitMQ vs Redis 发布订阅对比

在分布式系统中，发布-订阅模式是一种常见的通信模式，用于解耦发送者和接收者之间的关系。RabbitMQ和Redis都是流行的消息队列系统，它们都支持发布-订阅模式，但在实际应用中各有优劣。本文将对RabbitMQ和Redis的发布订阅功能进行比较，并提供代码示例以帮助理解。

RabbitMQ

RabbitMQ是一种基于AMQP协议的消息队列系统，支持多种消息传递模式，包括发布-订阅模式。在RabbitMQ中，发布者将消息发送到一个交换机（exchange），订阅者通过将队列绑定到交换机上来接收消息。

流程图

flowchart TD;
    P(Producer) -->|Publishes message| E((Exchange));
    E -->|Routes message to| Q1(Queue 1);
    E -->|Routes message to| Q2(Queue 2);
    C1(Consumer 1) -->|Consumes message from| Q1;
    C2(Consumer 2) -->|Consumes message from| Q2;

状态图

stateDiagram
    [*] --> Producer
    Producer --> Exchange
    Exchange --> Queue
    Queue --> Consumer

代码示例

Producer:

```python
import pika

connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters('localhost'))
channel = connection.channel()

channel.exchange_declare(exchange='logs', exchange_type='fanout')

message = "Hello World!"
channel.basic_publish(exchange='logs', routing_key='', body=message)

print(f" [x] Sent '{message}'")

connection.close()

Consumer:

import pika

connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters('localhost'))
channel = connection.channel()

channel.exchange_declare(exchange='logs', exchange_type='fanout')

result = channel.queue_declare(queue='', exclusive=True)
queue_name = result.method.queue

channel.queue_bind(exchange='logs', queue=queue_name)

def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
    print(f" [x] Received {body}")

channel.basic_consume(
    queue=queue_name, on_message_callback=callback, auto_ack=True
)

print(" [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C")
channel.start_consuming()

Redis

Redis是一种基于内存的键值存储数据库，也可以用作消息队列系统。Redis的发布-订阅模式不需要交换机，而是直接通过频道（channel）进行消息的发布和订阅。

流程图

flowchart TD;
    P(Producer) -->|Publishes message| C1(Channel 1);
    P -->|Publishes message| C2(Channel 2);
    C1 -->|Subscribes| S1(Subscriber 1);
    C2 -->|Subscribes| S2(Subscriber 2);

状态图

stateDiagram
    [*] --> Producer
    Producer --> Channel
    Channel --> Subscriber

代码示例

Producer:

```python
import redis

r = redis.Redis(host='localhost', port=6379)

channel = 'messages'
message = 'Hello Redis!'

r.publish(channel, message)

print(f" [x] Sent '{message}'")

Subscriber:

import redis

r = redis.Redis(host='localhost', port=6379)

channel = 'messages'

p = r.pubsub()
p.subscribe(channel)

for message in p.listen():
    if message['type'] == 'message':
        print(f" [x] Received {message['data']}")