科普文章:Android H5下载
介绍
在移动应用开发中,有时候我们需要让用户能够下载一些H5页面或者文件,以便在离线状态下浏览。本文将介绍如何在Android应用中实现H5下载功能。
H5下载功能实现
1. 添加权限
在AndroidManifest.xml文件中添加网络权限和存储权限:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
2. 创建下载功能
首先,在Activity中添加一个WebView组件用于显示H5页面:
WebView webView = findViewById(R.id.webView);
然后,设置WebView的下载监听:
webView.setDownloadListener(new DownloadListener() {
@Override
public void onDownloadStart(String url, String userAgent, String contentDisposition, String mimetype, long contentLength) {
// 开始下载
DownloadManager.Request request = new DownloadManager.Request(Uri.parse(url));
request.setMimeType(mimetype);
request.allowScanningByMediaScanner();
request.setNotificationVisibility(DownloadManager.Request.VISIBILITY_VISIBLE_NOTIFY_COMPLETED);
String fileName = URLUtil.guessFileName(url, contentDisposition, mimetype);
request.setDestinationInExternalPublicDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS, fileName);
DownloadManager downloadManager = (DownloadManager) getSystemService(DOWNLOAD_SERVICE);
downloadManager.enqueue(request);
}
});
3. 添加下载完成广播接收器
创建一个广播接收器来监听下载完成事件,并在下载完成后打开文件:
BroadcastReceiver onComplete = new BroadcastReceiver() {
public void onReceive(Context ctxt, Intent intent) {
long downloadId = intent.getLongExtra(DownloadManager.EXTRA_DOWNLOAD_ID, -1);
if (downloadId != -1) {
DownloadManager.Query query = new DownloadManager.Query();
query.setFilterById(downloadId);
DownloadManager downloadManager = (DownloadManager) getSystemService(DOWNLOAD_SERVICE);
Cursor cursor = downloadManager.query(query);
if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
String fileUri = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(DownloadManager.COLUMN_LOCAL_URI));
Intent i = new Intent();
i.setAction(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
i.setDataAndType(Uri.parse(fileUri), cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(DownloadManager.COLUMN_MEDIA_TYPE)));
startActivity(i);
}
cursor.close();
}
}
};
registerReceiver(onComplete, new IntentFilter(DownloadManager.ACTION_DOWNLOAD_COMPLETE));
4. 添加权限请求处理
在Android 6.0及以上版本,需要动态请求存储权限:
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
if (checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
requestPermissions(new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, 1);
}
}
5. 状态图
以下是H5下载功能的状态图:
stateDiagram
Downloading --> Completed: 下载完成
Downloading --> Failed: 下载失败
Completed --> Opened: 打开文件
Failed --> Restart: 重新下载
总结
通过以上步骤,我们可以实现在Android应用中实现H5下载功能。首先添加必要的权限,然后在WebView中设置下载监听,并通过DownloadManager进行下载。最后,添加一个广播接收器来监听下载完成事件并打开文件。希望本文对您有所帮助!