使用Docker离线搭建Keepalived

在现代云计算环境中,高可用性是非常重要的一个特性。Keepalived是一种用于实现高可用性的开源软件,它可以在一组服务器之间实现虚拟IP的切换,从而保证在某个节点故障时服务的可用性。

本文将介绍如何使用Docker离线搭建Keepalived集群,以提高系统的高可用性。我们将通过搭建一个简单的Keepalived集群来演示其工作原理和配置方法。

搭建环境

在开始之前,我们需要准备以下环境:

  • 两台运行Docker的主机
  • 一个用于通信的网络
  • 每台主机上安装有Docker

搭建步骤

1. 创建网络

首先,我们需要在两台主机上创建一个用于通信的网络。可以使用Docker的network命令来创建一个网络,例如:

```bash
docker network create keepalived-net

2. 启动Keepalived容器

接下来,我们需要在两台主机上启动Keepalived容器。我们可以使用Docker的run命令来启动容器,例如:

```bash
docker run -d --name keepalived1 --net keepalived-net --cap-add=NET_ADMIN osixia/keepalived \
  -v -v /etc/keepalived/keepalived1.conf:/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
```bash
docker run -d --name keepalived2 --net keepalived-net --cap-add=NET_ADMIN osixia/keepalived \
  -v -v /etc/keepalived/keepalived2.conf:/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

3. 配置Keepalived

在每台主机上创建一个名为keepalived1.confkeepalived2.conf的配置文件,配置文件内容如下:

```bash
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER
    interface eth0
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 101
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass password
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.0.100
    }
}
```bash
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP
    interface eth0
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass password
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.0.100
    }
}

4. 启动Keepalived

最后,我们可以启动Keepalived容器并检查集群状态。可以使用Docker的exec命令来进入容器查看状态,例如:

```bash
docker exec -it keepalived1 keepalived --vrrp
```bash
docker exec -it keepalived2 keepalived --vrrp

关系图

下面是我们搭建的Keepalived集群的关系图:

erDiagram
    KEEPALIVED1 {
        varchar interface
        varchar virtual_router_id
        int priority
    }
    KEEPALIVED2 {
        varchar interface
        varchar virtual_router_id
        int priority
    }
    KEEPALIVED1 ||--|| KEEPALIVED2 : 同步状态

类图

下面是我们搭建的Keepalived集群的类图:

classDiagram
    class KEEPALIVED1 {
        - varchar interface
        - varchar virtual_router_id
        - int priority
        + start()
        + stop()
    }
    class KEEPALIVED2 {
        - varchar interface
        - varchar virtual_router_id
        - int priority
        + start()
        + stop()
    }
    KEEPALIVED1 *-- KEEPALIVED2 : 同步状态

结论

通过本文的介绍,我们了解了如何使用Docker离线搭建Keepalived集群,并实现高可用性服务。Keepalived是一个非常强大的工具,可以帮助我们提高系统的可靠性和稳定性。希望本文对你有所帮助,谢谢阅读!