项目方案:Android Studio蓝牙连接应用

1. 项目简介

本项目旨在开发一个基于Android Studio的应用程序,实现与蓝牙设备的连接和通信功能。用户可以通过该应用程序搜索、配对和连接蓝牙设备,并发送和接收数据。

2. 技术选型

  • 开发工具:Android Studio
  • 编程语言:Java
  • 蓝牙库:Android Bluetooth API

3. 实现步骤

3.1 添加权限

在AndroidManifest.xml文件中添加以下权限,以允许应用程序访问蓝牙设备:

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN"/>

3.2 创建蓝牙工具类

创建一个BluetoothHelper类,用于处理蓝牙设备的搜索、配对和连接:

import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;

public class BluetoothHelper {
    private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter;

    public BluetoothHelper() {
        mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
    }

    public boolean isBluetoothEnabled() {
        return mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled();
    }

    public void enableBluetooth() {
        mBluetoothAdapter.enable();
    }

    public void disableBluetooth() {
        mBluetoothAdapter.disable();
    }

    public Set<BluetoothDevice> getPairedDevices() {
        return mBluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();
    }

    // 其他蓝牙操作方法...
}

3.3 创建蓝牙搜索和配对界面

创建一个Activity,用于显示已配对的蓝牙设备和搜索新设备的结果。在布局文件中添加一个ListView用于显示设备列表。

在Activity中,使用BluetoothHelper类获取已配对的设备列表,并将其显示在ListView中。同时,注册BroadcastReceiver来接收搜索到的新设备:

public class BluetoothDeviceListActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private ListView mDeviceListView;
    private ArrayAdapter<String> mDeviceListAdapter;
    private BluetoothHelper mBluetoothHelper;
    private BroadcastReceiver mReceiver;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_bluetooth_device_list);

        mBluetoothHelper = new BluetoothHelper();

        mDeviceListView = findViewById(R.id.device_list_view);
        mDeviceListAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<>(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1);
        mDeviceListView.setAdapter(mDeviceListAdapter);

        // 显示已配对设备
        Set<BluetoothDevice> pairedDevices = mBluetoothHelper.getPairedDevices();
        for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices) {
            mDeviceListAdapter.add(device.getName() + "\n" + device.getAddress());
        }

        // 注册广播接收器
        mReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
            @Override
            public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
                String action = intent.getAction();
                if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {
                    BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
                    mDeviceListAdapter.add(device.getName() + "\n" + device.getAddress());
                }
            }
        };

        IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
        registerReceiver(mReceiver, filter);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        unregisterReceiver(mReceiver);
    }
}

3.4 创建蓝牙连接和通信界面

创建一个Activity,用于连接蓝牙设备并进行数据通信。在布局文件中添加一个TextView用于显示接收到的数据,以及一个EditText和Button用于发送数据。

在Activity中,使用BluetoothHelper类连接指定的蓝牙设备,并通过输入文本框发送数据。同时,注册BroadcastReceiver来接收设备发送的数据:

public class BluetoothConnectionActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private TextView mDataTextView;
    private EditText mDataEditText;
    private Button mSendButton;
    private BluetoothHelper mBluetoothHelper;
    private BroadcastReceiver mReceiver;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_bluetooth_connection);

        mBluetoothHelper = new BluetoothHelper();

        mDataTextView = findViewById(R.id.data_text_view);
        mDataEditText = findViewById(R.id.data_edit_text);
        mSendButton = findViewById(R.id.send_button);
        mSendButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                String data = mDataEditText.getText().toString();
                sendData(data);
            }
        });

        // 连接蓝牙设备
        String deviceAddress = getIntent().getStringExtra("device_address");
        BluetoothDevice device = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter().getRemoteDevice(deviceAddress);
        connectDevice