redis介绍:
Redis是目前业界使用最广泛的内存数据存储。相比memcached,Redis支持更丰富的数据结构,例如hashes, lists, sets等,同时支持数据持久化。除此之外,Redis还提供一些类数据库的特性,比如事务,HA,主从库。可以说Redis兼具了缓存系统和数据库的一些特性,因此有着丰富的应用场景。本文介绍Redis在Spring Boot中两个典型的应用场景。
如何使用
1.引入依赖
<dependencies>
<!-- redis-springBoot 依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- redis 连接池-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-pool2</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.56</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
2.application.properties配置
#124.221.162.236:6379 我连接的是远程的 url 这个是本地的 localhost:6379
spring.redis.url= 124.221.162.236:6379
设置Redis序列化方式
redis: #redis 配置
host: 124.221.162.236
port: 6379
password: 123456
timeout: 5000ms # 连接超时时间(毫秒)
lettuce:
pool:
max-active: 20 # 连接池最大连接数(使用负值表示没有限制)
max-idle: 10 # 连接池中的最大空闲连接
min-idle: 5 # 连接池中的最小空闲连接
max-wait: 5000ms # 连接池最大阻塞等待时间(使用负值表示没有限制)
注意需要修改redis.conf
1.bind 0.0.0.0 #开放所有的ip
2.protected-mode no #保护模式 no 代表外网可以连接
3.daemonize yes #yes 表示启用守护线程
RedisConfig 配置redis 序列化
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonAutoDetect;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.PropertyAccessor;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype.jdk8.Jdk8Module;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype.jsr310.JavaTimeModule;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.module.paramnames.ParameterNamesModule;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.lettuce.LettuceConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.RedisSerializer;
@Configuration
public class RedisConfig {
//其它的不用管,无论你的Redis配置文件是什么,找到返回RedisTemplate的地方
@Bean
public RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate(LettuceConnectionFactory cf) {
RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate<String, Object>();
redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(cf);
redisTemplate.setValueSerializer(RedisSerializer.json());
redisTemplate.setHashValueSerializer(RedisSerializer.string());
redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(RedisSerializer.string());
redisTemplate.setHashKeySerializer(RedisSerializer.string());
redisTemplate.afterPropertiesSet();
//将这段代码添加进去==================================================
Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer<Object> serializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer<>(Object.class);
ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper()
.registerModule(new ParameterNamesModule())
.registerModule(new Jdk8Module())
.registerModule(new JavaTimeModule());
objectMapper.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY);
objectMapper.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL);
serializer.setObjectMapper(objectMapper);
redisTemplate.setValueSerializer(serializer);
//===================================================================
return redisTemplate;
}
}
#redis 工具类
package com.example.redisspringboot.utils;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.CollectionUtils;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
@Component
public final class RedisUtils {
@Autowired
private RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate;
// =============================common============================
/**
* 指定缓存失效时间
*
* @param key 键
* @param time 时间(秒)
*/
public boolean expire(String key, long time, TimeUnit timeUnit) {
try {
if (time > 0) {
redisTemplate.expire(key, time, timeUnit);
}
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}
/**
* 根据key 获取过期时间
*
* @param key 键 不能为null
* @return 时间(秒) 返回0代表为永久有效
*/
public long getExpire(String key) {
return redisTemplate.getExpire(key, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}
/**
* 判断key是否存在
*
* @param key 键
* @return true 存在 false不存在
*/
public boolean hasKey(String key) {
try {
return redisTemplate.hasKey(key);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}
/**
* 删除缓存
*
* @param key 可以传一个值 或多个
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public void del(String... key) {
if (key != null && key.length > 0) {
if (key.length == 1) {
redisTemplate.delete(key[0]);
} else {
redisTemplate.delete((Collection<String>) CollectionUtils.arrayToList(key));
}
}
}
// ============================String=============================
/**
* 普通缓存获取
*
* @param key 键
* @return 值
*/
public Object get(String key) {
return key == null ? null : redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key);
}
/**
* 普通缓存放入
*
* @param key 键
* @param value 值
* @return true成功 false失败
*/
public boolean set(String key, Object value) {
try {
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, value);
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}
/**
* 普通缓存放入并设置时间
*
* @param key 键
* @param value 值
* @param time 时间(秒) time要大于0 如果time小于等于0 将设置无限期
* @return true成功 false 失败
*/
public boolean set(String key, Object value, long time) {
try {
if (time > 0) {
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, value, time, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
} else {
set(key, value);
}
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}
/**
* 递增
*
* @param key 键
* @param delta 要增加几(大于0)
*/
public long incr(String key, long delta) {
if (delta < 0) {
throw new RuntimeException("递增因子必须大于0");
}
return redisTemplate.opsForValue().increment(key, delta);
}
/**
* 递减
*
* @param key 键
* @param delta 要减少几(小于0)
*/
public long decr(String key, long delta) {
if (delta < 0) {
throw new RuntimeException("递减因子必须大于0");
}
return redisTemplate.opsForValue().increment(key, -delta);
}
// ================================Map=================================
/**
* HashGet
*
* @param key 键 不能为null
* @param item 项 不能为null
*/
public Object hget(String key, String item) {
return redisTemplate.opsForHash().get(key, item);
}
/**
* 获取hashKey对应的所有键值
*
* @param key 键
* @return 对应的多个键值
*/
public Map<Object, Object> hmget(String key) {
return redisTemplate.opsForHash().entries(key);
}
/**
* HashSet
*
* @param key 键
* @param map 对应多个键值
*/
public boolean hmset(String key, Map<String, Object> map) {
try {
redisTemplate.opsForHash().putAll(key, map);
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}
/**
* HashSet 并设置时间
*
* @param key 键
* @param map 对应多个键值
* @param time 时间(秒)
* @return true成功 false失败
*/
public boolean hmset(String key, Map<String, Object> map, long time, TimeUnit timeUnit) {
try {
redisTemplate.opsForHash().putAll(key, map);
if (time > 0) {
expire(key, time, timeUnit);
}
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}
/**
* 向一张hash表中放入数据,如果不存在将创建
*
* @param key 键
* @param item 项
* @param value 值
* @return true 成功 false失败
*/
public boolean hset(String key, String item, Object value) {
try {
redisTemplate.opsForHash().put(key, item, value);
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}
/**
* 向一张hash表中放入数据,如果不存在将创建
*
* @param key 键
* @param item 项
* @param value 值
* @param time 时间(秒) 注意:如果已存在的hash表有时间,这里将会替换原有的时间
* @return true 成功 false失败
*/
public boolean hset(String key, String item, Object value, long time, TimeUnit timeUnit) {
try {
redisTemplate.opsForHash().put(key, item, value);
if (time > 0) {
expire(key, time, timeUnit);
}
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}
/**
* 删除hash表中的值
*
* @param key 键 不能为null
* @param item 项 可以使多个 不能为null
*/
public void hdel(String key, Object... item) {
redisTemplate.opsForHash().delete(key, item);
}
/**
* 判断hash表中是否有该项的值
*
* @param key 键 不能为null
* @param item 项 不能为null
* @return true 存在 false不存在
*/
public boolean hHasKey(String key, String item) {
return redisTemplate.opsForHash().hasKey(key, item);
}
/**
* hash递增 如果不存在,就会创建一个 并把新增后的值返回
*
* @param key 键
* @param item 项
* @param by 要增加几(大于0)
*/
public double hincr(String key, String item, double by) {
return redisTemplate.opsForHash().increment(key, item, by);
}
/**
* hash递减
*
* @param key 键
* @param item 项
* @param by 要减少记(小于0)
*/
public double hdecr(String key, String item, double by) {
return redisTemplate.opsForHash().increment(key, item, -by);
}
// ============================set=============================
/**
* 根据key获取Set中的所有值
*
* @param key 键
*/
public Set<Object> sGet(String key) {
try {
return redisTemplate.opsForSet().members(key);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}
/**
* 根据value从一个set中查询,是否存在
*
* @param key 键
* @param value 值
* @return true 存在 false不存在
*/
public boolean sHasKey(String key, Object value) {
try {
return redisTemplate.opsForSet().isMember(key, value);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}
/**
* 将数据放入set缓存
*
* @param key 键
* @param values 值 可以是多个
* @return 成功个数
*/
public long sSet(String key, Object... values) {
try {
return redisTemplate.opsForSet().add(key, values);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return 0;
}
}
/**
* 将set数据放入缓存
*
* @param key 键
* @param time 时间(秒)
* @param values 值 可以是多个
* @return 成功个数
*/
public long sSetAndTime(String key, long time, TimeUnit timeUnit, Object... values) {
try {
Long count = redisTemplate.opsForSet().add(key, values);
if (time > 0) {
expire(key, time, timeUnit);
}
return count;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return 0;
}
}
/**
* 获取set缓存的长度
*
* @param key 键
*/
public long sGetSetSize(String key) {
try {
return redisTemplate.opsForSet().size(key);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return 0;
}
}
/**
* 移除值为value的
*
* @param key 键
* @param values 值 可以是多个
* @return 移除的个数
*/
public long setRemove(String key, Object... values) {
try {
Long count = redisTemplate.opsForSet().remove(key, values);
return count;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return 0;
}
}
// ===============================list=================================
/**
* 获取list缓存的内容
*
* @param key 键
* @param start 开始
* @param end 结束 0 到 -1代表所有值
*/
public List<Object> lGet(String key, long start, long end) {
try {
return redisTemplate.opsForList().range(key, start, end);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}
/**
* 获取list缓存的长度
*
* @param key 键
*/
public long lGetListSize(String key) {
try {
return redisTemplate.opsForList().size(key);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return 0;
}
}
/**
* 通过索引 获取list中的值
*
* @param key 键
* @param index 索引 index>=0时, 0 表头,1 第二个元素,依次类推;index<0时,-1,表尾,-2倒数第二个元素,依次类推
*/
public Object lGetIndex(String key, long index) {
try {
return redisTemplate.opsForList().index(key, index);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}
/**
* 将list放入缓存
*
* @param key 键
* @param value 值
*/
public boolean lSet(String key, Object value) {
try {
redisTemplate.opsForList().rightPush(key, value);
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}
/**
* 将list放入缓存
*
* @param key 键
* @param value 值
* @param time 时间(秒)
*/
public boolean lSet(String key, Object value, long time,TimeUnit timeUnit) {
try {
redisTemplate.opsForList().rightPush(key, value);
if (time > 0) {
expire(key, time,timeUnit);
}
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}
/**
* 将list放入缓存
*
* @param key 键
* @param value 值
* @return
*/
public boolean lSet(String key, List<Object> value) {
try {
redisTemplate.opsForList().rightPushAll(key, value);
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}
/**
* 将list放入缓存
*
* @param key 键
* @param value 值
* @param time 时间(秒)
* @return
*/
public boolean lSet(String key, List<Object> value, long time,TimeUnit timeUnit) {
try {
redisTemplate.opsForList().rightPushAll(key, value);
if (time > 0) {
expire(key, time,timeUnit);
}
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}
/**
* 根据索引修改list中的某条数据
*
* @param key 键
* @param index 索引
* @param value 值
* @return
*/
public boolean lUpdateIndex(String key, long index, Object value) {
try {
redisTemplate.opsForList().set(key, index, value);
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}
/**
* 移除N个值为value
*
* @param key 键
* @param count 移除多少个
* @param value 值
* @return 移除的个数
*/
public long lRemove(String key, long count, Object value) {
try {
Long remove = redisTemplate.opsForList().remove(key, count, value);
return remove;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return 0;
}
}
// ===============================HyperLogLog=================================
public long pfadd(String key, String value) {
return redisTemplate.opsForHyperLogLog().add(key, value);
}
public long pfcount(String key) {
return redisTemplate.opsForHyperLogLog().size(key);
}
public void pfremove(String key) {
redisTemplate.opsForHyperLogLog().delete(key);
}
public void pfmerge(String key1, String key2) {
redisTemplate.opsForHyperLogLog().union(key1, key2);
}
}
#测试
@Autowired
RedisTemplate redisTemplate;
@Test
void test02(){
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set("user","zs");
Object user = redisTemplate.opsForValue().get("user");
System.out.println(user);
}
#redis 简单使用参考
package com.redis.demo.service.impl;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.service.impl.ServiceImpl;
import com.redis.demo.pojo.User;
import com.redis.demo.service.UserService;
import com.redis.demo.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.redis.demo.utils.RedisUtils;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl<UserMapper, User>
implements UserService{
public static final int USER_CACHE_TIMEOUT = 60*60*24;
public static final String USER_CACHE_KEY = "USER_CACHE:";
public static final String EMPTY_CACHE = "{}";
@Resource
UserMapper userMapper;
@Resource
RedisUtils redisUtils;
//曾
public int addUser (User user) {
int insert = userMapper.insert(user);
if (insert>0){
redisUtils.set(USER_CACHE_KEY+user.getUserId(),JSON.toJSONString(user),genUserCacheTimeout());
}
return insert;
}
//删
public int delUser (Integer userID) {
int i = userMapper.deleteById(userID);
if (i>0){
redisUtils.del(USER_CACHE_KEY+userID);
}
return i;
}
//改
public int updateUser (User user) {
int i = userMapper.updateById(user);
if (i>0){
redisUtils.set(USER_CACHE_KEY+user.getUserId(),JSON.toJSONString(user),genUserCacheTimeout());
}
return i;
}
//查
public User findUser (Integer userID) {
Object userInfoStr = redisUtils.get(USER_CACHE_KEY + userID);
User user = null;
User userCache = null;
userCache = getUserFormCache(userInfoStr, userID);
if (userCache != null){
return userCache;
}
synchronized (this){
userCache = getUserFormCache(userInfoStr, userID);
if (userCache != null){
return userCache;
}
//缓存不存在 从数据库中查询
user = userMapper.selectById(userID);
if (Objects.nonNull(user)){
redisUtils.set(USER_CACHE_KEY + userID,JSON.toJSONString(user),genUserCacheTimeout());
}else {
redisUtils.set(USER_CACHE_KEY+userID,EMPTY_CACHE,genEmptyCacheTimeout());
}
}
return user;
}
public Integer genUserCacheTimeout(){
return USER_CACHE_TIMEOUT + new Random().nextInt(5)*60*60;
}
public Integer genEmptyCacheTimeout(){
return 60 + new Random().nextInt(5)*60;
}
public User getUserFormCache(Object userInfoStr,Integer userID){
User user = null;
if (!Objects.isNull(userInfoStr)){
if (userInfoStr.equals(EMPTY_CACHE)){
redisUtils.expire(USER_CACHE_KEY+userID,genEmptyCacheTimeout(),TimeUnit.SECONDS);
return new User();
}
user = JSON.parseObject(userInfoStr.toString(), User.class);
//读延期
redisUtils.expire(USER_CACHE_KEY + userID,genUserCacheTimeout(),TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}
return user;
}
}