SqlSession执行 sqlsession使用

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蓝梦之翼 2024-05-31 18:16:13

文章标签 SqlSession执行 java 数据库 apache sql 文章分类 架构后端开发

SqlSession的创建

Sqlsession对应着一次数据库会话。由于数据库回话不是永久的，因此Sqlsession的生命周期也不应该是永久的，相反，在你每次访问数据库时都需要创建它（当然并不是说在Sqlsession里只能执行一次sql，你可以执行多次，当一旦关闭了Sqlsession就需要重新创建它）。创建Sqlsession的地方只有一个，那就是SqlsessionFactory的openSession方法：

package org.apache.ibatis.session;

import java.sql.Connection;

public interface SqlSessionFactory {

  SqlSession openSession();

  SqlSession openSession(boolean autoCommit);
  SqlSession openSession(Connection connection);
  SqlSession openSession(TransactionIsolationLevel level);

  SqlSession openSession(ExecutorType execType);
  SqlSession openSession(ExecutorType execType, boolean autoCommit);
  SqlSession openSession(ExecutorType execType, TransactionIsolationLevel level);
  SqlSession openSession(ExecutorType execType, Connection connection);

  Configuration getConfiguration();

}

实际创建SqlSession的地方是openSessionFromDataSource，如下：

package org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;

import org.apache.ibatis.exceptions.ExceptionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.executor.ErrorContext;
import org.apache.ibatis.executor.Executor;
import org.apache.ibatis.mapping.Environment;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.Configuration;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.ExecutorType;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.TransactionIsolationLevel;
import org.apache.ibatis.transaction.Transaction;
import org.apache.ibatis.transaction.TransactionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.transaction.managed.ManagedTransactionFactory;

public class DefaultSqlSessionFactory implements SqlSessionFactory {

  private final Configuration configuration;

  public DefaultSqlSessionFactory(Configuration configuration) {
    this.configuration = configuration;
  }

  public SqlSession openSession() {
    return openSessionFromDataSource(configuration.getDefaultExecutorType(), null, false);
  }
  
  private SqlSession openSessionFromDataSource(ExecutorType execType, TransactionIsolationLevel level, boolean autoCommit) {
    Transaction tx = null;
    try {
      final Environment environment = configuration.getEnvironment();
      final TransactionFactory transactionFactory = getTransactionFactoryFromEnvironment(environment);
      tx = transactionFactory.newTransaction(environment.getDataSource(), level, autoCommit);
      final Executor executor = configuration.newExecutor(tx, execType, autoCommit);
      return new DefaultSqlSession(configuration, executor);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      closeTransaction(tx); // may have fetched a connection so lets call close()
      throw ExceptionFactory.wrapException("Error opening session.  Cause: " + e, e);
    } finally {
      ErrorContext.instance().reset();
    }
  }
}

可以看出，创建sqlsession经过了以下几个主要步骤：

1) 从配置中获取Environment；

2) 从Environment中取得DataSource；

3) 从Environment中取得TransactionFactory；

4) 从DataSource里获取数据库连接对象Connection；

5) 在取得的数据库连接上创建事务对象Transaction；

6) 创建Executor对象（该对象非常重要，事实上sqlsession的所有操作都是通过它完成的）；

7) 创建sqlsession对象。

Executor的创建

Sqlsession只是个门面，真正干事的是Executor，Sqlsession对数据库的操作都是通过Executor来完成的。与Sqlsession一样，Executor也是动态创建的：

final Executor executor = configuration.newExecutor(tx, execType, autoCommit);

Configuration类的实现：

public class Configuration {

  protected Environment environment;
  
  public Executor newExecutor(Transaction transaction, ExecutorType executorType, boolean autoCommit) {
    executorType = executorType == null ? defaultExecutorType : executorType;
    executorType = executorType == null ? ExecutorType.SIMPLE : executorType;
    Executor executor;
    if (ExecutorType.BATCH == executorType) {
      executor = new BatchExecutor(this, transaction);
    } else if (ExecutorType.REUSE == executorType) {
      executor = new ReuseExecutor(this, transaction);
    } else {
      executor = new SimpleExecutor(this, transaction);
    }
    if (cacheEnabled) {
      executor = new CachingExecutor(executor, autoCommit);
    }
    executor = (Executor) interceptorChain.pluginAll(executor);
    return executor;
  } 
}

Executor的定义：

package org.apache.ibatis.executor;

import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.ibatis.cache.CacheKey;
import org.apache.ibatis.mapping.BoundSql;
import org.apache.ibatis.mapping.MappedStatement;
import org.apache.ibatis.reflection.MetaObject;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.ResultHandler;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.RowBounds;
import org.apache.ibatis.transaction.Transaction;

public interface Executor {

  ResultHandler NO_RESULT_HANDLER = null;

  int update(MappedStatement ms, Object parameter) throws SQLException;

  <E> List<E> query(MappedStatement ms, Object parameter, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, CacheKey cacheKey, BoundSql boundSql) throws SQLException;

  <E> List<E> query(MappedStatement ms, Object parameter, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler) throws SQLException;

  List<BatchResult> flushStatements() throws SQLException;

  void commit(boolean required) throws SQLException;

  void rollback(boolean required) throws SQLException;

  CacheKey createCacheKey(MappedStatement ms, Object parameterObject, RowBounds rowBounds, BoundSql boundSql);

  boolean isCached(MappedStatement ms, CacheKey key);

  void clearLocalCache();

  void deferLoad(MappedStatement ms, MetaObject resultObject, String property, CacheKey key, Class<?> targetType);

  Transaction getTransaction();

  void close(boolean forceRollback);

  boolean isClosed();

}

可以看出，创建的Executor只是3中基础类型之一：

BatchExecutor专门用于执行批量sql操作

ReuseExecutor会重用statement执行sql操作

SimpleExecutor只是简单执行sql没有什么特别的。

如果开启cache的话（默认是开启的并且没有任何理由去关闭它），就会创建CachingExecutor，它以前面创建的Executor作为唯一参数。CachingExecutor在查询数据库前先查找缓存，若没找到的话调用delegate（就是构造时传入的Executor对象）从数据库查询，并将查询结果存入缓存中。

package org.apache.ibatis.executor;

import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.ibatis.cache.Cache;
import org.apache.ibatis.cache.CacheKey;
import org.apache.ibatis.cache.TransactionalCacheManager;
import org.apache.ibatis.mapping.BoundSql;
import org.apache.ibatis.mapping.MappedStatement;
import org.apache.ibatis.mapping.ParameterMapping;
import org.apache.ibatis.mapping.ParameterMode;
import org.apache.ibatis.mapping.StatementType;
import org.apache.ibatis.reflection.MetaObject;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.ResultHandler;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.RowBounds;
import org.apache.ibatis.transaction.Transaction;

public class CachingExecutor implements Executor {

  private Executor delegate;
  private boolean autoCommit; // issue #573. No need to call commit() on autoCommit sessions
  private TransactionalCacheManager tcm = new TransactionalCacheManager();

  private boolean dirty;

  public CachingExecutor(Executor delegate) {
    this(delegate, false);
  }

  public CachingExecutor(Executor delegate, boolean autoCommit) {
    this.delegate = delegate;
    this.autoCommit = autoCommit;
  }

  public Transaction getTransaction() {
    return delegate.getTransaction();
  }

  public void close(boolean forceRollback) {
    try {
      //issue #499. Unresolved session handling
      //issue #573. Autocommit sessions should commit
      if (dirty && !autoCommit) { 
        tcm.rollback();
      } else {
        tcm.commit();
      }
    } finally {
      delegate.close(forceRollback);
    }
  }
  
  // 其他代码略  
  
}

Executor对象是可以被插件拦截的（拦截器Interceptor，如：

@Intercepts({@Signature(type = Executor.class, method = "query",
args = {MappedStatement.class, Object.class, RowBounds.class, ResultHandler.class})})

），如果定义了针对Executor类型的插件，最终生成的Executor对象是被各个插件插入后的代理对象。

Mapper介绍

Mybatis官方手册建议通过mapper对象访问mybatis，因为使用mapper看起来更优雅，就像下面这样：

session = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();  
UserMapper userMapper= session.getMapper(UserMapper.class);  
UserBo user = new UserBo();  
user.setUsername("iMbatis");  
user.setPassword("iMbatis");  
userMapper.insertUser(user);

那么这个mapper到底是什么呢，它是如何创建的呢，它又是怎么与sqlsession等关联起来的呢？下面为你一一解答。

表面上看mapper是在sqlsession里创建的，但实际创建它的地方是MapperRegistry：

package org.apache.ibatis.session;

import java.io.Closeable;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.ibatis.executor.BatchResult;

/**
 * The primary Java interface for working with MyBatis.
 * Through this interface you can execute commands, get mappers and manage transactions.
 *
 */
public interface SqlSession extends Closeable {

  <T> T selectOne(String statement);

  <T> T selectOne(String statement, Object parameter);

  <E> List<E> selectList(String statement);

  <E> List<E> selectList(String statement, Object parameter);

  <E> List<E> selectList(String statement, Object parameter, RowBounds rowBounds);

  <K, V> Map<K, V> selectMap(String statement, String mapKey);

  <K, V> Map<K, V> selectMap(String statement, Object parameter, String mapKey);

  <K, V> Map<K, V> selectMap(String statement, Object parameter, String mapKey, RowBounds rowBounds);

  void select(String statement, Object parameter, ResultHandler handler);

  void select(String statement, ResultHandler handler);

  void select(String statement, Object parameter, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler handler);

  int insert(String statement);

  int insert(String statement, Object parameter);

  int update(String statement);

  int update(String statement, Object parameter);

  int delete(String statement);


  int delete(String statement, Object parameter);

  void commit();

  void commit(boolean force);

  void rollback();

  void rollback(boolean force);

  List<BatchResult> flushStatements();

  void close();

  void clearCache();

  Configuration getConfiguration();

  <T> T getMapper(Class<T> type);

  Connection getConnection();
}

SqlSeesion是接口，getMapper肯定是通过起实现类来完成的，查看其类结构：

package org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults;

import org.apache.ibatis.session.Configuration;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.RowBounds;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;

public class DefaultSqlSession implements SqlSession {

  private Configuration configuration;
  private Executor executor;

  private boolean dirty;
  
  
  public <T> T getMapper(Class<T> type) {
    return configuration.<T>getMapper(type, this);
  }
}  

-- 其中configuration的实现为
  public <T> T getMapper(Class<T> type, SqlSession sqlSession) {
    return mapperRegistry.getMapper(type, sqlSession);
  }
  
-- MapperRegistry的实现为
package org.apache.ibatis.binding;

public class MapperRegistry {

  private Configuration config;
  private final Map<Class<?>, MapperProxyFactory<?>> knownMappers = new HashMap<Class<?>, MapperProxyFactory<?>>();

  public MapperRegistry(Configuration config) {
    this.config = config;
  }
  
  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
  public <T> T getMapper(Class<T> type, SqlSession sqlSession) {
    final MapperProxyFactory<T> mapperProxyFactory = (MapperProxyFactory<T>) knownMappers.get(type);
    if (mapperProxyFactory == null)
      throw new BindingException("Type " + type + " is not known to the MapperRegistry.");
    try {
      // ------
      return mapperProxyFactory.newInstance(sqlSession);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      throw new BindingException("Error getting mapper instance. Cause: " + e, e);
    }
  }
  
  public <T> boolean hasMapper(Class<T> type) {
        return knownMappers.containsKey(type);
    }

    public <T> void addMapper(Class<T> type) {
     if (type.isInterface()) {
      if (hasMapper(type)) {
        throw new BindingException("Type " + type + " is already known to the MapperRegistry.");
      }
      boolean loadCompleted = false;
      try {
        knownMappers.put(type, new MapperProxyFactory<T>(type));
        // It's important that the type is added before the parser is run
        // otherwise the binding may automatically be attempted by the
        // mapper parser. If the type is already known, it won't try.
        MapperAnnotationBuilder parser = new MapperAnnotationBuilder(config, type);
        parser.parse();
        loadCompleted = true;
      } finally {
        if (!loadCompleted) {
          knownMappers.remove(type);
        }
      }
    }
}

可以看到，mapper是一个代理对象，它实现的接口就是传入的type，这就是为什么mapper对象可以通过接口直接访问。同时还可以看到，创建mapper代理对象时传入了sqlsession对象，这样就把sqlsession也关联起来了。我们进一步看看mapperProxyFactory.newInstance(sqlSession);背后发生了什么事情：

package org.apache.ibatis.binding;

import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;

import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;

public class MapperProxyFactory<T> {

  private final Class<T> mapperInterface;
  private Map<Method, MapperMethod> methodCache = new ConcurrentHashMap<Method, MapperMethod>();

  public MapperProxyFactory(Class<T> mapperInterface) {
    this.mapperInterface = mapperInterface;
  }

  public Class<T> getMapperInterface() {
    return mapperInterface;
  }

  public Map<Method, MapperMethod> getMethodCache() {
    return methodCache;
  }

   /**
    * newProxyInstance(ClassLoader loader, Class<?>[] interfaces, InvocationHandler h)
    *   ClassLoader loader ：类加载器，一般使用和被代理对象相同的类加载器
    *   Class<?>[] interfaces ：被代理对象（目标对象）的接口数组
    *   InvocationHandler h ： 设置回调对象,当代理对象的方法被调用时,会委派给该参数指定对象的invoke方法 
    */
  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
  protected T newInstance(MapperProxy<T> mapperProxy) {
    return (T) Proxy.newProxyInstance(mapperInterface.getClassLoader(), new Class[] { mapperInterface }, mapperProxy);
  }

  public T newInstance(SqlSession sqlSession) {
    final MapperProxy<T> mapperProxy = new MapperProxy<T>(sqlSession, mapperInterface, methodCache);
    return newInstance(mapperProxy);
  }

}

看起来没什么特别的，和其他代理类的创建一样，我们重点关注一下MapperProxy的invoke方法。

我们知道对被代理对象的方法的访问都会落实到代理者的invoke上来，MapperProxy的invoke如下：

package org.apache.ibatis.binding;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.ibatis.reflection.ExceptionUtil;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;

/**
 * @author Clinton Begin
 * @author Eduardo Macarron
 */
public class MapperProxy<T> implements InvocationHandler, Serializable {

  private static final long serialVersionUID = -6424540398559729838L;
  private final SqlSession sqlSession;
  private final Class<T> mapperInterface;
  private final Map<Method, MapperMethod> methodCache;

  public MapperProxy(SqlSession sqlSession, Class<T> mapperInterface, Map<Method, MapperMethod> methodCache) {
    this.sqlSession = sqlSession;
    this.mapperInterface = mapperInterface;
    this.methodCache = methodCache;
  }

  @Override
  public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
    if (Object.class.equals(method.getDeclaringClass())) {
      try {
        // 转调具体目标对象的方法,这里目标对象为this
        return method.invoke(this, args);
      } catch (Throwable t) {
        throw ExceptionUtil.unwrapThrowable(t);
      }
    }
    final MapperMethod mapperMethod = cachedMapperMethod(method);
    return mapperMethod.execute(sqlSession, args);
  }

  private MapperMethod cachedMapperMethod(Method method) {
    MapperMethod mapperMethod = methodCache.get(method);
    if (mapperMethod == null) {
      mapperMethod = new MapperMethod(mapperInterface, method, sqlSession.getConfiguration());
      methodCache.put(method, mapperMethod);
    }
    return mapperMethod;
  }

}

可以看到invoke把执行权转交给了MapperMethod，我们来看看MapperMethod里又是怎么运作的：

package org.apache.ibatis.binding;

import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Flush;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.MapKey;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import org.apache.ibatis.mapping.MappedStatement;
import org.apache.ibatis.mapping.SqlCommandType;
import org.apache.ibatis.reflection.MetaObject;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.Configuration;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.ResultHandler;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.RowBounds;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;

import java.lang.reflect.Array;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.*;

/**
 * @author Clinton Begin
 * @author Eduardo Macarron
 * @author Lasse Voss
 */
public class MapperMethod {

  private final SqlCommand command;
  private final MethodSignature method;

  public MapperMethod(Class<?> mapperInterface, Method method, Configuration config) {
    this.command = new SqlCommand(config, mapperInterface, method);
    this.method = new MethodSignature(config, method);
  }

  public Object execute(SqlSession sqlSession, Object[] args) {
    Object result;
    if (SqlCommandType.INSERT == command.getType()) {
      Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
      result = rowCountResult(sqlSession.insert(command.getName(), param));
    } else if (SqlCommandType.UPDATE == command.getType()) {
      Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
      result = rowCountResult(sqlSession.update(command.getName(), param));
    } else if (SqlCommandType.DELETE == command.getType()) {
      Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
      result = rowCountResult(sqlSession.delete(command.getName(), param));
    } else if (SqlCommandType.SELECT == command.getType()) {
      if (method.returnsVoid() && method.hasResultHandler()) {
        executeWithResultHandler(sqlSession, args);
        result = null;
      } else if (method.returnsMany()) {
        result = executeForMany(sqlSession, args);
      } else if (method.returnsMap()) {
        result = executeForMap(sqlSession, args);
      } else {
        Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
        result = sqlSession.selectOne(command.getName(), param);
      }
    } else if (SqlCommandType.FLUSH == command.getType()) {
        result = sqlSession.flushStatements();
    } else {
      throw new BindingException("Unknown execution method for: " + command.getName());
    }
    if (result == null && method.getReturnType().isPrimitive() && !method.returnsVoid()) {
      throw new BindingException("Mapper method '" + command.getName() 
          + " attempted to return null from a method with a primitive return type (" + method.getReturnType() + ").");
    }
    return result;
  }

}

可以看到，MapperMethod就像是一个分发者，他根据参数和返回值类型选择不同的sqlsession方法来执行。这样mapper对象与sqlsession就真正的关联起来了。

Executor介绍

sqlsession只是一个门面，真正发挥作用的是executor，对sqlsession方法的访问最终都会落到executor的相应方法上去。

Executor分成两大类:一类是CacheExecutor，另一类是普通Executor。

CacheExecutor

CacheExecutor有一个重要属性delegate，它保存的是某类普通的Executor，值在构照时传入。执行数据库update操作时，它直接调用delegate的update方法，执行query方法时先尝试从cache中取值，取不到再调用delegate的查询方法，并将查询结果存入cache中。

@Override
  public <E> List<E> query(MappedStatement ms, Object parameterObject, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, CacheKey key, BoundSql boundSql)
      throws SQLException {
    Cache cache = ms.getCache();
    if (cache != null) {
      flushCacheIfRequired(ms);
      if (ms.isUseCache() && resultHandler == null) {
        ensureNoOutParams(ms, parameterObject, boundSql);
        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
        List<E> list = (List<E>) tcm.getObject(cache, key);
        if (list == null) {
          list = delegate.<E> query(ms, parameterObject, rowBounds, resultHandler, key, boundSql);
          tcm.putObject(cache, key, list); // issue #578 and #116
        }
        return list;
      }
    }
     // delegate.query实际是org.apache.ibatis.executor.BaseExecutor.query
     // 最终会调用BaseExecutor
     return delegate.<E> query(ms, parameterObject, rowBounds, resultHandler, key, boundSql);
  }

普通Executor

普通Executor有3类，他们都继承于BaseExecutor，BatchExecutor专门用于执行批量sql操作，ReuseExecutor会重用statement执行sql操作，SimpleExecutor只是简单执行sql没有什么特别的。下面以SimpleExecutor为例：

@Override
  public <E> List<E> doQuery(MappedStatement ms, Object parameter, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, BoundSql boundSql) throws SQLException {
    Statement stmt = null;
    try {
      Configuration configuration = ms.getConfiguration();
      StatementHandler handler = configuration.newStatementHandler(wrapper, ms, parameter, rowBounds, resultHandler, boundSql);
      stmt = prepareStatement(handler, ms.getStatementLog());
      return handler.<E>query(stmt, resultHandler);
    } finally {
      closeStatement(stmt);
    }
  }

可以看出，Executor本质上也是个甩手掌柜，具体的事情原来是StatementHandler来完成的。

StatementHandler介绍

当Executor将指挥棒交给StatementHandler后，接下来的工作就是StatementHandler的事了。我们先看看StatementHandler是如何创建的。

StatementHandler handler = configuration.newStatementHandler(wrapper, ms, parameter, rowBounds, resultHandler, boundSql);

configuration.newStatementHandler的实现为：

public StatementHandler newStatementHandler(Executor executor, MappedStatement mappedStatement, Object parameterObject, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, BoundSql boundSql) {
    StatementHandler statementHandler = new RoutingStatementHandler(executor, mappedStatement, parameterObject, rowBounds, resultHandler, boundSql);
    statementHandler = (StatementHandler) interceptorChain.pluginAll(statementHandler);
    return statementHandler;
  }

可以看到每次创建的StatementHandler都是RoutingStatementHandler，它只是一个分发者，他一个属性delegate用于指定用哪种具体的StatementHandler。

同时还要注意到StatementHandler是可以被拦截器拦截的，和Executor一样，被拦截器拦截后的对像是一个代理对象。由于mybatis没有实现数据库的物理分页，众多物理分页的实现都是在这个地方使用拦截器实现的。

可选的StatementHandler有SimpleStatementHandler、PreparedStatementHandler和CallableStatementHandler三种。选用哪种在mapper配置文件的每个statement里指定，默认的是PreparedStatementHandler。

statementType的取值是通过DTD文件来约束的：

详见：http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd

<!ELEMENT select (#PCDATA | include | trim | where | set | foreach | choose | if | bind)*>
<!ATTLIST select
id CDATA #REQUIRED
parameterMap CDATA #IMPLIED
parameterType CDATA #IMPLIED
resultMap CDATA #IMPLIED
resultType CDATA #IMPLIED
resultSetType (FORWARD_ONLY | SCROLL_INSENSITIVE | SCROLL_SENSITIVE) #IMPLIED
statementType (STATEMENT|PREPARED|CALLABLE) #IMPLIED
fetchSize CDATA #IMPLIED
timeout CDATA #IMPLIED
flushCache (true|false) #IMPLIED
useCache (true|false) #IMPLIED
databaseId CDATA #IMPLIED
lang CDATA #IMPLIED
resultOrdered (true|false) #IMPLIED
resultSets CDATA #IMPLIED 
>

StatementHandler创建后需要执行一些初始操作，比如statement的开启和参数设置、对于PreparedStatement还需要执行参数的设置操作等。

代码如下：org.apache.ibatis.executor.SimpleExecutor

private Statement prepareStatement(StatementHandler handler, Log statementLog) throws SQLException {
    Statement stmt;
    Connection connection = getConnection(statementLog);
    stmt = handler.prepare(connection);
    handler.parameterize(stmt);
    return stmt;
  }

statement的开启和参数设置没什么特别的地方：

package org.apache.ibatis.executor.statement;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.ibatis.executor.Executor;
import org.apache.ibatis.executor.ExecutorException;
import org.apache.ibatis.executor.parameter.ParameterHandler;
import org.apache.ibatis.mapping.BoundSql;
import org.apache.ibatis.mapping.MappedStatement;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.ResultHandler;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.RowBounds;

/**
 * @author Clinton Begin
 */
public class RoutingStatementHandler implements StatementHandler {

  private final StatementHandler delegate;

  public RoutingStatementHandler(Executor executor, MappedStatement ms, Object parameter, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, BoundSql boundSql) {

    switch (ms.getStatementType()) {
      case STATEMENT:
        delegate = new SimpleStatementHandler(executor, ms, parameter, rowBounds, resultHandler, boundSql);
        break;
      case PREPARED:
        delegate = new PreparedStatementHandler(executor, ms, parameter, rowBounds, resultHandler, boundSql);
        break;
      case CALLABLE:
        delegate = new CallableStatementHandler(executor, ms, parameter, rowBounds, resultHandler, boundSql);
        break;
      default:
        throw new ExecutorException("Unknown statement type: " + ms.getStatementType());
    }

  }

  @Override
  public Statement prepare(Connection connection) throws SQLException {
    return delegate.prepare(connection);
  }
}

org.apache.ibatis.executor.statement.PreparedStatementHandler并没有对prepare的具体实现，调用的还是其父类org.apache.ibatis.executor.statement.BaseStatementHandler的实现：

@Override
  public Statement prepare(Connection connection) throws SQLException {
    ErrorContext.instance().sql(boundSql.getSql());
    Statement statement = null;
    try {
      statement = instantiateStatement(connection);
      setStatementTimeout(statement);
      setFetchSize(statement);
      return statement;
    } catch (SQLException e) {
      closeStatement(statement);
      throw e;
    } catch (Exception e) {
      closeStatement(statement);
      throw new ExecutorException("Error preparing statement.  Cause: " + e, e);
    }
  }

handler.parameterize倒是可以看看是怎么回事：

handler.parameterize通过调用ParameterHandler的setParameters完成参数的设置，ParameterHandler随着StatementHandler的创建而创建，默认的实现是DefaultParameterHandler：

// ======================================================================
package org.apache.ibatis.executor.statement;

/**
 * @author Clinton Begin
 */
public class PreparedStatementHandler extends BaseStatementHandler {

  public PreparedStatementHandler(Executor executor, MappedStatement mappedStatement, Object parameter, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, BoundSql boundSql) {
    super(executor, mappedStatement, parameter, rowBounds, resultHandler, boundSql);
  }

  // 代码略

  @Override
  public void parameterize(Statement statement) throws SQLException {
    parameterHandler.setParameters((PreparedStatement) statement);
  }

}


// ======================================================================
package org.apache.ibatis.executor.statement;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;

import org.apache.ibatis.executor.ErrorContext;
import org.apache.ibatis.executor.Executor;
import org.apache.ibatis.executor.ExecutorException;
import org.apache.ibatis.executor.keygen.KeyGenerator;
import org.apache.ibatis.executor.parameter.ParameterHandler;
import org.apache.ibatis.executor.resultset.ResultSetHandler;
import org.apache.ibatis.mapping.BoundSql;
import org.apache.ibatis.mapping.MappedStatement;
import org.apache.ibatis.reflection.factory.ObjectFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.Configuration;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.ResultHandler;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.RowBounds;
import org.apache.ibatis.type.TypeHandlerRegistry;

/**
 * @author Clinton Begin
 */
public abstract class BaseStatementHandler implements StatementHandler {

  protected final Configuration configuration;
  protected final ObjectFactory objectFactory;
  protected final TypeHandlerRegistry typeHandlerRegistry;
  protected final ResultSetHandler resultSetHandler;
  protected final ParameterHandler parameterHandler;

  protected final Executor executor;
  protected final MappedStatement mappedStatement;
  protected final RowBounds rowBounds;

  protected BoundSql boundSql;

  protected BaseStatementHandler(Executor executor, MappedStatement mappedStatement, Object parameterObject, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, BoundSql boundSql) {
    this.configuration = mappedStatement.getConfiguration();
    this.executor = executor;
    this.mappedStatement = mappedStatement;
    this.rowBounds = rowBounds;

    this.typeHandlerRegistry = configuration.getTypeHandlerRegistry();
    this.objectFactory = configuration.getObjectFactory();

    if (boundSql == null) { // issue #435, get the key before calculating the statement
      generateKeys(parameterObject);
      boundSql = mappedStatement.getBoundSql(parameterObject);
    }

    this.boundSql = boundSql;
    
    // 默认为org.apache.ibatis.scripting.defaults.DefaultParameterHandler
    this.parameterHandler = configuration.newParameterHandler(mappedStatement, parameterObject, boundSql);
    this.resultSetHandler = configuration.newResultSetHandler(executor, mappedStatement, rowBounds, parameterHandler, resultHandler, boundSql);
  }

}

同Executor和StatementHandler一样，ParameterHandler也是可以被拦截的。

DefaultParameterHandler

DefaultParameterHandler里设置参数的代码如下：

package org.apache.ibatis.scripting.defaults;

import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.ibatis.executor.ErrorContext;
import org.apache.ibatis.executor.parameter.ParameterHandler;
import org.apache.ibatis.mapping.BoundSql;
import org.apache.ibatis.mapping.MappedStatement;
import org.apache.ibatis.mapping.ParameterMapping;
import org.apache.ibatis.mapping.ParameterMode;
import org.apache.ibatis.reflection.MetaObject;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.Configuration;
import org.apache.ibatis.type.JdbcType;
import org.apache.ibatis.type.TypeException;
import org.apache.ibatis.type.TypeHandler;
import org.apache.ibatis.type.TypeHandlerRegistry;

/**
 * @author Clinton Begin
 * @author Eduardo Macarron
 */
public class DefaultParameterHandler implements ParameterHandler {

  private final TypeHandlerRegistry typeHandlerRegistry;

  private final MappedStatement mappedStatement;
  private final Object parameterObject;
  private BoundSql boundSql;
  private Configuration configuration;

  public DefaultParameterHandler(MappedStatement mappedStatement, Object parameterObject, BoundSql boundSql) {
    this.mappedStatement = mappedStatement;
    this.configuration = mappedStatement.getConfiguration();
    this.typeHandlerRegistry = mappedStatement.getConfiguration().getTypeHandlerRegistry();
    this.parameterObject = parameterObject;
    this.boundSql = boundSql;
  }

  @Override
  public Object getParameterObject() {
    return parameterObject;
  }

  @Override
  public void setParameters(PreparedStatement ps) {
    ErrorContext.instance().activity("setting parameters").object(mappedStatement.getParameterMap().getId());
    List<ParameterMapping> parameterMappings = boundSql.getParameterMappings();
    if (parameterMappings != null) {
      for (int i = 0; i < parameterMappings.size(); i++) {
        ParameterMapping parameterMapping = parameterMappings.get(i);
        if (parameterMapping.getMode() != ParameterMode.OUT) {
          Object value;
          String propertyName = parameterMapping.getProperty();
          if (boundSql.hasAdditionalParameter(propertyName)) { // issue #448 ask first for additional params
            value = boundSql.getAdditionalParameter(propertyName);
          } else if (parameterObject == null) {
            value = null;
          } else if (typeHandlerRegistry.hasTypeHandler(parameterObject.getClass())) {
            value = parameterObject;
          } else {
            MetaObject metaObject = configuration.newMetaObject(parameterObject);
            value = metaObject.getValue(propertyName);
          }
          TypeHandler typeHandler = parameterMapping.getTypeHandler();
          JdbcType jdbcType = parameterMapping.getJdbcType();
          if (value == null && jdbcType == null) {
            jdbcType = configuration.getJdbcTypeForNull();
          }
          try {
            typeHandler.setParameter(ps, i + 1, value, jdbcType);
          } catch (TypeException e) {
            throw new TypeException("Could not set parameters for mapping: " + parameterMapping + ". Cause: " + e, e);
          } catch (SQLException e) {
            throw new TypeException("Could not set parameters for mapping: " + parameterMapping + ". Cause: " + e, e);
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }

}

这里面最重要的一句其实就是最后一句代码，它的作用是用合适的TypeHandler完成参数的设置。那么什么是合适的TypeHandler呢，它又是如何决断出来的呢？BaseStatementHandler的构造方法里有这么一句：

if (boundSql == null) { // issue #435, get the key before calculating the statement
      generateKeys(parameterObject);
      boundSql = mappedStatement.getBoundSql(parameterObject);
    }

它触发了sql 的解析，在解析sql的过程中，TypeHandler也被决断出来了，决断的原则就是根据参数的类型和参数对应的JDBC类型决定使用哪个TypeHandler。比如：参数类型是String的话就用StringTypeHandler，参数类型是整数的话就用IntegerTypeHandler等。

参数设置完毕后，执行数据库操作（update或query）。如果是query最后还有个查询结果的处理过程。

ResultSetHandler

结果处理使用ResultSetHandler来完成，默认的ResultSetHandler是FastResultSetHandler，它在创建StatementHandler时一起创建，代码如下：

org.apache.ibatis.executor.statement.BaseStatementHandler

this.parameterHandler = configuration.newParameterHandler(mappedStatement, parameterObject, boundSql);
    this.resultSetHandler = configuration.newResultSetHandler(executor, mappedStatement, rowBounds, parameterHandler, resultHandler, boundSql);

org.apache.ibatis.session.Configuration

public ResultSetHandler newResultSetHandler(Executor executor, MappedStatement mappedStatement, RowBounds rowBounds, ParameterHandler parameterHandler,
      ResultHandler resultHandler, BoundSql boundSql) {
    ResultSetHandler resultSetHandler = new DefaultResultSetHandler(executor, mappedStatement, parameterHandler, resultHandler, boundSql, rowBounds);
    resultSetHandler = (ResultSetHandler) interceptorChain.pluginAll(resultSetHandler);
    return resultSetHandler;
  }

org.apache.ibatis.executor.statement.PreparedStatementHandler

@Override
  public <E> List<E> query(Statement statement, ResultHandler resultHandler) throws SQLException {
    PreparedStatement ps = (PreparedStatement) statement;
    ps.execute();
    return resultSetHandler.<E> handleResultSets(ps);
  }

可以看出ResultSetHandler也是可以被拦截的，可以编写自己的拦截器改变ResultSetHandler的默认行为。

private boolean applyAutomaticMappings(ResultSetWrapper rsw, ResultMap resultMap, MetaObject metaObject, String columnPrefix) throws SQLException {
    List<UnMappedColumAutoMapping> autoMapping = createAutomaticMappings(rsw, resultMap, metaObject, columnPrefix);
    boolean foundValues = false;
    if (autoMapping.size() > 0) {
      for (UnMappedColumAutoMapping mapping : autoMapping) {
        final Object value = mapping.typeHandler.getResult(rsw.getResultSet(), mapping.column);
        // issue #377, call setter on nulls
        if (value != null || configuration.isCallSettersOnNulls()) {
          if (value != null || !mapping.primitive) {
            metaObject.setValue(mapping.property, value);
          }
          foundValues = true;
        }
      }
    }
    return foundValues;
  }

从代码里可以看到，决断TypeHandler使用的是结果参数的属性类型。因此我们在定义作为结果的对象的属性时一定要考虑与数据库字段类型的兼容性。

https://blog.51cto.com/luchunli/1891463

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