树莓派usb摄像头简单的opencv

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云端筑梦大师 2024-07-31 10:59:33

文章标签 树莓派usb摄像头简单的opencv raspberry pi 网络监控 python 树莓派 文章分类 计算机视觉人工智能

（一）树莓派使用USB摄像头

说明最好是linux下能支持的uvc摄像头，我用的uvc301的摄像头，linux下一般免驱。

1.首先更新firmware：

rpi-update是老外开发的一个更新树莓派firmware的工具，很方便也很好用，推荐给大家!
　

红色部分是需要输入的：
　　$ sudo apt-get update      
　　$ sudo apt-get install ca-certificates
　　$ sudo apt-get install git-core
　　$ sudo wget http://goo.gl/1BOfJ -O /usr/bin/rpi-update
　　$ sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/rpi-update
　　$ sudo rpi-update
　　Raspberry Pi firmware updater by Hexxeh, enhanced by AndrewS
　　Performing self-update
　　Autodetecting memory split
　　Using ARM/GPU memory split of 192MB/64MB
　　We're running for the first time
　　Setting up firmware (this will take a few minutes)
　　Using SoftFP libraries
　　/opt/vc/sbin/vcfiled: error while loading shared libraries:libvchiq_arm.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
　　If no errors appeared, your firmware was successfully setup
　　A reboot is needed to activate the new firmware
　　$ sudo ldconfig
　　$ sudo rpi-update
　　Raspberry Pi firmware updater by Hexxeh, enhanced by AndrewS
　　Performing self-update
　　Autodetecting memory split
　　Using ARM/GPU memory split of 192MB/64MB
　　Updating firmware (this will take a few minutes)
　　Your firmware is already up to date
　　$ sudo reboot

备注：
09-18版本以后的官方镜像都集成了rpi-update工具，直接执行“sudo rpi-update”就行了，不需要再安装了

2.插上usb摄像头，输入 ls /dev, 查看dev中是否存在一个video0这个设备，如果有了说明系统识别了，如果不认，重复第一步确保firmware最新，还不行就换摄像头吧

3.安装mplayer，输入

sudo apt-get install mplayer

4.输入命令播放摄像头视频(可能是我摄像头没调好，显示出来很花。。。。。。)

sudo mplayer tv://

5.安装强大的网络监控软件motion，输入

sudo apt-get install motion （如果安装不了的，可以先sudo apt-get update 一下）
6.配置motion，编辑motion.conf文件
sudo vi /etc/motion/motion.conf （或者运行sudo xedit /etc/motion/motion.conf）

7.找到”control_localhost on “和”webcam_localhost on“这两行，改为以下两行后，保存退出
control_localhost off
webcam_localhost off8.运行motion软件，输入
motion -n

9.在pc上用IE浏览器打开， 
192.168.99.53 
是我的树莓派ip，

换成你们自己的

配置网页：http://

192.168.99.53 :8080

监控网页：http://

192.168.99.53 :8081

（二）树莓派玩家5分钟内将树莓派-USB摄像头与Yeelink连接–最好玩的网页监控器

5分钟一点也不夸张, 在你熟悉Yeelink使用的情况下, 你真的只需几分钟就可以搭建一套在线图像监控, 神马入室小偷啥的, 还能逃过你的千里眼

当然, 要是使用motion来获取图像, 还能做到画面动作检测, 有兴趣的同学可以继续发挥哦. 废话少说, 来看看几分钟怎么做到的吧.

1. 将USB摄像头接到Pi上, 安装驱动, 我所使用的版本(2012-10-28-wheezy-raspbian.img)已经包含了V4L2驱动, 略去xxx字. 有问题的话Google一下

pi@raspberrypi ~ $ ls -l /dev/video0  crw-rw---T 1 root video 81, 0 Jan  1  1970 /dev/video0

2. 安装抓图软件fswebcam

pi@raspberrypi ~ $ sudo apt-get install fswebcam

3. 登录Yeelink, 在用户中心增加一个设备, 再为之增加一个图像传感器.

4. 在/home/pi下准备脚本yeelink.sh, 内容为以下两行命令, 其中的ApiKey和URL请改为自己设备对应的信息.

sudo fswebcam -d /dev/video0 -r 320x240 --bottom-banner --title "RaspberryPi @ Yeelink" --no-timestamp /home/pi/yeelink.jpg
curl --request POST --data-binary @"/home/pi/yeelink.jpg" --header "U-ApiKey: xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"http://api.yeelink.net/v1.0/device/1022/sensor/1294/photos

为脚本增加可执行权限

pi@raspberrypi ~ $ chmod +x yeelink.sh

5. 将脚本加入cronjob

pi@raspberrypi ~ $ crontab -e

加入下面一行, 让脚本每分钟运行一次, 保存退出.

*/1 * * * * /home/pi/yeelink.sh

搞定, 至此我们的监控就开始运行了, 上网页上看看效果吧

http://www.yeelink.net/devices/1022

（三）利用bypy实现树莓派NAS同步百度云

详见。

Bypy是一个百度云/百度网盘的Python客户端，主要的目的就是在Linux环境下（命令行）同步百度云盘空间。Bypy要求python2.7以上版本，最新版下载地址为https://github.com/houtianze/bypy

一、bypy安装

1、所需环境

python 2.7x

python requests库（安装该库需要setuptools 和pip）

2、安装

（1）python 2.7 不在详述

（2）requests库安装

首先安装setuptools

wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/ez_setup.py -O - | python

如果安装过程中出现问题，可能是没有安装zip解压的原因，zip如何安装请百度。

然后安装pip

https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pip 从这里下载pip－1.5.6.tar.gz

tar -zxvf pip-1.5.6.tar.gz

python setup.py install

安装完成后，pip install requests。实现requests的安装。

（3）安装bypy

直接从https://github.com/houtianze/bypy下载解压就可以了。

3、使用

（1）第一次使用

要把系统的区域编码设置为UTF-8

vi /etc/sysconfig/i18n
将原内容改为：

LANG="zh_CN.UTF-8"
SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16

设置token：

./bypy.py info

./bypy.py --disable-ssl-check info

程序会要求你访问一个网址，获取你授权码，授权后复制code给程序，程序会利用不同的服务器进行认证，认证成功会显示百度网盘的容量，如果一次没成功，可以多试几次，容易被墙。

树莓派usb摄像头简单的opencv_python

名称： 个人百度云盘CMD 
ID： 5086425
API Key：TG3X5KahFVkmik87Rf46gLMU
Secret Key：F9WIzAVVvEjVP9nuQV1AaoO8NpgIi5UA

<span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.200000762939453px;">http://openapi.baidu.com/oauth/2.0/authorize?scope=basic+netdisk&redirect_uri=oob&response_type=code&client_id=TG3X5KahFVkmik87Rf46gLMU</span>

login_code: <span style="font-family: verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">b448929eb5ff07ded5a4420bfa216150</span>

https://openapi.baidu.com/oauth/2.0/token?
	grant_type=authorization_code&
	code=b448929eb5ff07ded5a4420bfa216150& 
	client_id=<span style="font-family: verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">TG3X5KahFVkmik87Rf46gLMU</span><span style="font-family: verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">&</span>
	client_secret=<span style="font-family: verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">F9WIzAVVvEjVP9nuQV1AaoO8NpgIi5UA</span><span style="font-family: verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">&</span>
	redirect_uri=<span style="font-family: verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">oob</span>

<pre style="word-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;">{"expires_in":2592000,

"refresh_token":"22.66b955170a96ddb2137dd73facd5d903.315360000.1734598642.31043809985086425",
 
"access_token":"21.83601609dc191cf7843efe5f2193efaa.2592000.1421830642.31043809985086425",
 
"session_secret":"38a93f152524f90d04b763804a696800",
 
"session_key":"9mnRfCGbRcZZdf\/3fpgvDv58Qm9Oth14TOl6plEfBiKubkZwF3pDlQ16czfsQbGjVUUrIcF2nWATlJypTSIdiuqlBINDgz5wcw==",
 
"scope":"basic netdisk"}

{
    "access_token": "1.a6b7dbd428f731035f771b8d15063f61.86400.1292922000-2346678-124328",
    "expires_in": 86400,
    "refresh_token": "2.385d55f8615fdfd9edb7c4b5ebdc3e39.604800.1293440400-2346678-124328",
    "scope": "basic email",
    "session_key": "ANXxSNjwQDugf8615OnqeikRMu2bKaXCdlLxn",
    "session_secret": "248APxvxjCZ0VEC43EYrvxqaK4oZExMB",
}

这时百度网盘的“我的应用管理”下会形成bypy文件＋。

安装完全后，可以使用./bypy.py list 来看一下列表。

（2）主要命令参数

optional arguments:
   -h, --help            show this help message and exit
   --TESTRUN             Perform python doctest [default: False]
   --PROFILE             Profile the code [default: False]
   -V, --version         show program's version number and exit
   -d, --debug           enable debugging & logging [default: 0]
   -v, --verbose         set verbosity level [default: 0]
   -r RETRY, --retry RETRY
                         number of retry attempts on network error [default: 5
                         times]
   -q QUIT, --quit-when-fail QUIT
                         quit when maximum number of retry failed [default:
                         False]
   -t TIMEOUT, --timeout TIMEOUT
                         network timeout in seconds [default: 60]
   -s SLICE, --slice SLICE
                         size of file upload slice (can use '1024', '2k',
                         '3MB', etc) [default: 20 MB]
   --chunk CHUNK         size of file download chunk (can use '1024', '2k',
                         '3MB', etc) [default: 20 MB]
   -e, --verify          Verify upload / download [default : False]
   -f, --force-hash      force file MD5 / CRC32 calculation instead of using
                         cached values [default: False]
   -l LISTFILE, --list-file LISTFILE
                         input list file (used by some of the commands only
                         [default: None]
   --resume-download RESUMEDL
                         resume instead of restarting when downloading if local
                         file already exists [default: True]
   --include-regex INCREGEX
                         regular expression of files to include. if not
                         specified (default), everything is included. for
                         download, the regex applies to the remote files; for
                         upload, the regex applies to the local files. to
                         exclude files, think about your regex, some tips here:
                         https://stackoverflow.com/questions/406230/regular-                         expression-to-match-string-not-containing-a-word
                         [default: ]
   --on-dup ONDUP        what to do when the same file / folder exists in the
                         destination: 'overwrite', 'skip', 'prompt' [default:
                         overwrite]
   --no-symlink          DON'T follow symbol links when uploading / syncing up
                         [default: True]
   --disable-ssl-check   DON'T verify host SSL cerificate [default: True]
   -c, --clean           1: clean settings (remove the token file) 2: clean
                         settings and hash cache [default: 0]

 Commands:
 help command - provide some information for the command
 cleancache - remove invalid entries from hash cache file
 combine <remotefile> [md5s] [localfile] - try to create a file at PCS by combining slices, having MD5s specified
 compare [remotedir] [localdir] - compare the remote direcotry with the local directory
 copy/cp <from> <to> - copy a file / dir remotely at Baidu Yun
 delete/remove/rm <remotepath> - delete a file / dir remotely at Baidu Yun
 downdir <remotedir> [localdir] - download a remote directory (recursively)
 downfile <remotefile> [localpath] - download a remote file.
 dumpcache - display file hash cache
 list/ls [remotepath] [format] [sort] [order] - list the 'remotepath' directory at Baidu PCS
 listrecycle [start] [limit] - list the recycle contents
 meta <remotepath> [format] - get information of the given path (dir / file) at Baidu Yun.
 mkdir <remotedir> - create a directory at Baidu Yun
 move/mv/rename/ren <from> <to> - move a file / dir remotely at Baidu Yun
 quota/info - displays the quota information
 refreshtoken - refresh the access token
 restore <remotepath> - restore a file from the recycle bin
 search <keyword> [remotepath] [recursive] - search for a file using keyword at Baidu Yun
 stream <remotefile> <localpipe> [format] [chunk] - stream a video / audio file converted to M3U format at cloud side, to a pipe.
 syncdown [remotedir] [localdir] [deletelocal] - sync down from the remote direcotry to the local directory
 syncup [localdir] [remotedir] [deleteremote] - sync up from the local direcotry to the remote directory
 upload [localpath] [remotepath] [ondup] - upload a file or directory (recursively) 
 
 eg.  => /apps/bypy/20141222test/shan.jpg  (/我的应用数据/bypy/20141222test/shan.jpg)
./bypy.py -v upload "/users/hardwu/Desktop/shan.jpg" "/20141222test/shan.jpg"

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