本文基于CenOS 7.6 和 8.5
1. 构建CentOS 系统
- 制作CentOS 系统盘(推荐使用软碟通),具体步骤可自行查阅
- 修改系统启动项,重启F12进入选择U盘启动,进入启动界面
- (1)方案一
// 将默认提示
vmlinuz initrd=initrd.img inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=CentOS\x207\x20x86_64 quiet
// 改为以下
vmlinuz initrd=initrd.img inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=U盘名称 quiet
(2)方案二
// 将将默认提示
vmlinuz initrd=initrd.img inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=CentOS\x207\x20x86_64 quiet
// 改为以下
vmlinuz initrd=initrd.img linux dd quiet
/* 查看U盘编号/盘符
** 如看到U盘对应盘符为sdaX(X为某个数字)
** 重启电脑
*/
//再次将
vmlinuz initrd=initrd.img inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=CentOS\x207\x20x86_64 quiet
// 改成
vmlinuz initrd=initrd.img inst.stage2=hd:/dev/sdaX quiet
// 执行安装操作
(3)方案三
// 启动项内容可能稍有区别
// 修改:
LABEL=CentOSx207x20x86_64
// 改为
/dev/sdb4
原理都是找到U盘代表的分区名,如果找不到一个一个试也能试出来
- 安装过程省略(分区可自行查阅)
- 启动项更新
yum -y install epel-release
yum -y install ntfs-3g
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
- CentOS 8 的yum源配置
// 下载yum源
curl https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo > /etc/yum.repos.d/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo
curl https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-archive-8.repo > /etc/yum.repos.d/epel-archive-8.repo
// 更新配置
yum clean all && yum makecache
2. 常用软件的安装
1. 安装git
- 对版本无要求可简易安装(默认1.8.3.1版本,版本老旧)
yum -y install git
- 手动安装更高级版本
// 版本自选,下载安装包(https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/)
wget https://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/git-2.38.1.tar.gz
// 解压
tar -xzvf git-2.38.1.tar.gz
// 进入目录
cd git-2.38.1.tar.gz
// 安装依赖环境
yum install -y curl-devel expat-devel gettext-devel openssl-devel zlib-devel
yum install -y gcc-c++ perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker
// 检查环境,配置安装路径
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/git
// 编译安装
make && make install
// 添加到系统环境变量
vim ~/.bashrc
// 文件末尾添加如下内容:
# git
export PATH="/usr/local/git/bin:$PATH"
// 使配置生效
source ~/.bashrc
// 检查结果是否成功
git version
2. 安装nodejs、npm
// 下载某个node版本
wget https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/node/v14.17.6/node-v14.17.6-linux-x64.tar.gz
// 解压文件
tar -xzvf node-v14.17.6-linux-x64.tar.gz
// 改名
mv node-v14.17.6-linux-x64 node
// 建立软链接
ln -s /usr/local/node/bin/node /usr/local/bin/node
ln -s /usr/local/node/bin/npm /usr/local/bin/npm
// 检测是否成功
npm -v
node -v
// 删除下载的安装包
rm -f node-v14.17.6-linux-x64.tar.gz
3.安装goland
// 下载goland
wget https://download.jetbrains.com.cn/go/goland-2022.2.4.tar.gz
// 解压
tar -xzvf goland-2022.2.4.tar.gz
// 运行goland
/usr/local/GoLand-2022.2.4/bin/goland.sh
// 添加桌面
// 编辑文件goland.desktop内容如下,放置桌面即可
[Desktop Entry]
Version=2022.2.4
Name=Goland
Comment=Goland
Exec=/usr/local/GoLand-2022.2.4/bin/goland.sh
Icon=/usr/local/GoLand-2022.2.4/bin/goland.png
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;Network;Goland Software;
StartupNotify=true
Name[zh_CN]=Goland
Comment[zh_CN]=Goland
4. 安装golong
//下载并解压到/usr/local文件下
wget https://studygolang.com/dl/golang/go1.19.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz
//解压并复制到/user/local文件夹下
tar -zvxf go1.18.3.linux-amd64.tar.gz
// 编辑文件
vim /etc/profile
// 在文件后追加以下内容
export GOPROXY=https://goproxy.cn
export GOROOT=/usr/local/go
export PATH=$PATH:$GOROOT/bin
export GOPATH=/root/go
export PATH=$PATH:$GOPATH/BIN
// 刷新环境变量
source /etc/profile
5. 安装vscode
## 导入Microsoft GPG key
rpm --import https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc
## 创建源仓库文件
vim /etc/yum.repos.d/vscode.repo
[code]
name=Visual Studio Code
baseurl=https://packages.microsoft.com/yumrepos/vscode
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc
## 安装最新版本的 Visual Studio Code
dnf install code
## 添加root 用户
vim ~/.bashrc
## 添加一行
alias code='/usr/share/code/code . --no-sandbox --unity-launch'
## 报存生效
source ~/.bashrc
## 快捷方式点击无响应,更改VScode.desktop文件内容如下
## 修改 Exec=/usr/share/code/code --unity-launch %F
Exec=/usr/share/code/code --unity-launch --no-sandbox %F
6.安装mysql(脚本安装)
作者主页 :
#!/bin/bash
wget MySQL8.0 Download URL: https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
wait
. /etc/init.d/functions
SRC_DIR=`pwd`
#MYSQL='mysql-5.7.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz'
MYSQL='mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz'
COLOR='echo -e \E[01;31m'
END='\E[0m'
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=password
check (){
if [ $UID -ne 0 ]; then
action "当前用户不是root,安装失败" false
exit 1
fi
cd $SRC_DIR
if [ ! -e $MYSQL ];then
$COLOR"缺少${MYSQL}文件"$END
$COLOR"请将相关软件放在${SRC_DIR}目录下"$END
exit
elif [ -e /usr/local/mysql ];then
action "数据库已存在,安装失败" false
exit
else
return
fi
}
install_mysql(){
$COLOR"开始安装MySQL数据库..."$END
yum -y -q install libaio numactl-libs &> /dev/null
cd $SRC_DIR
tar xf $MYSQL -C /usr/local/
MYSQL_DIR=`echo $MYSQL| sed -nr 's/^(.*[0-9]).*/\1/p'`
mv /usr/local/$MYSQL_DIR /usr/local/mysql
id mysql &> /dev/null || { useradd -s /sbin/nologin -r mysql ; action "创建mysql用户"; }
chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/
echo 'PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin/:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
. /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/* /usr/bin/
cat > /etc/my.cnf <<-EOF
[mysqld]
bind-address=0.0.0.0
#skip-grant-tables
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
log-error=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.log
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.pid
character-set-server=utf8
port = 3306
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
# default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
# symbolic-links=0
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd
[client]
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
default-character-set=utf8
!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
EOF
[ -d /usr/local/mysql/data ] || mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data -p
mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --initialize
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig --add mysqld
chkconfig mysqld on
service mysqld start
[ $? -ne 0 ] && { $COLOR"数据库启动失败,退出!"$END;exit; }
MYSQL_OLDPASSWORD=`awk '/A temporary password/{print $NF}' /usr/local/mysql/mysql.log`
mysqladmin -uroot -p$MYSQL_OLDPASSWORD password $MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD&>/dev/null
action "数据库安装完成"
}
check
install_mysql
## 若启动mysql报错:
mysql: error while loading shared libraries: libtinfo.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
## 进入报错目录 /usr/lib64
cp libtinfo.so.6 libtinfo.so.5
以上仅作为笔记记录,捣鼓系统需要耐心,可能会遇到各种不同的问题…