1. 前言
git 是一个版本控制工具,类似svn.
本文内容主要涉及git仓库通过浏览器访问(用web的方式去查看git提交历史记录,tag,branch等信息),即gitweb.
效果图:
在这里说下 gitweb 的运行流程(组成部分),方便整理思路以及后续查找问题所在,组成图:
想要搭建gitweb 必须准备三个主要环境支持:apache, cgi 运行环境,git
apache 提供浏览器的方式,就如Svn 可以通过浏览器访问一样,都是有apache 的支持
cgi 这里用来解析gitweb.cgi 脚本(就如html 通过浏览器解析,变成网页一样)
git 环境支持,如同运行java程序,一定要有jdk 环境一样
2. git 仓库初始化
这里仓库的作用就如数据库,来存储你的代码
sudo mkdir demo2
cd demo2/
sudo git init
Initialized empty Git repository in /data/git/demo1/demo2/.git/ls -la
total 0
drwxr-xr-x 3 root wheel 102 8 9 22:15 .
drwxr-xr-x 6 root wheel 204 8 9 22:14 ..
drwxr-xr-x 10 root wheel 340 8 9 22:15 .git
// readme.md 新建文件
// 把新建的文件添加到git 索引中 (. 不能少,表示当前目录下的所有文件)
sudo git add .
git status // 查看状态
On branch master
Initial commit
Changes to be committed:
(use "git rm --cached <file>..." to unstage)
new file: readme.md
// 提交
sudo git commit -am "init"
[master (root-commit) 832bb9e] init
1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)
create mode 100644 readme.md
3. 配置Apache 的cgi模块
cgi 按照可以参照 ()
查询你的apache 是否安装了cgi 模块,命令如下
sudo apachectl -M |grep cgi
// 出现这个 cgi-module 表示已经安装了cgi
proxy_fcgi_module (shared)
proxy_scgi_module (shared)
cgi_module (shared)
在 Apache httpd.conf 配置文件中添加
Include /etc/apache2/vhost/*.conf
#这里的意思我的 gitweb.conf 文件放在 /etc/apache2/vhost/ 文件夹下面,
这里通过Apache 的虚拟主机(vhost)来访问gitweb,配置如下(都有英文注释):
localhost:vhost web$ cat gitweb.conf
#Alias /git /usr/local/git/share/gitweb
#Alias /git /usr/local/git-share/share/gitweb
Alias /git /usr/local/share/gitweb/gitweb/
<Directory /usr/local/share/gitweb/gitweb/>
#Options +ExecCGI
#AddHandler cgi-script .cgi
#DirectoryIndex gitweb.cgi
# Let anyone see our repositories (for now)
Order allow,deny
AllowOverride None
# Rquiree all granted
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks ExecCGI
Allow from all
Satisfy Any
# Enable CGI in this directory
Options +ExecCGI
# Run .cgi files using mod_cgi
AddHandler cgi-script .cgi
# Use gitweb.cgi for directory listings. This takes care of
# requests to /git and /git/
# 配置index
DirectoryIndex gitweb.cgi
# This tells gitweb.cgi where to find its config file
# By default it looks in /etc/gitweb.conf, so if you place
# your config file somewhere else you should specify this.
#SetEnv GITWEB_CONFIG /etc/gitweb.conf
#SetEnv GITWEB_CONFIG /usr/local/git/share/gitweb/gitweb-css.conf
# 这里配置git仓库位置,css 样式, git 安装路径
# gitweb-css.conf 十分重要
SetEnv GITWEB_CONFIG /usr/local/share/gitweb/gitweb/gitweb-css.conf
# Enable mod_rewrite
RewriteEngine on
# Rewrite /git/repo.git URIs to be /git/gitweb.cgi/repo.git
# This assumes your repository names end with '.git'. I don't
# know if that is always a safe assumption.
RewriteRule ^([^.]+\.git.*)$ /git/gitweb.cgi/$0 [L,PT]
</Directory>
在这里注意,我的gitweb 相关的cgi脚本 & 静态的资源(css,img等)都在
/usr/local/share/gitweb/gitweb/
文件下面,如下:
localhost:vhost web$ ls -la /usr/local/share/gitweb/gitweb/
total 504
drwxr-xr-x 5 web admin 170 8 9 01:40 .
drwxr-xr-x 3 web admin 102 8 9 01:11 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 web admin 1303 8 9 01:40 gitweb-css.conf
-rwxr-xr-x 1 web admin 251379 8 9 01:15 gitweb.cgi
drwxr-xr-x 6 web admin 204 8 9 01:11 static
localhost:vhost web$
4. gitweb cgi脚本配置 & 静态资源配置
gitweb-css.conf 内容:
localhost:vhost web$ cat /usr/local/share/gitweb/gitweb/gitweb-css.conf
#####################################################################################
# This is the directory where your git repositories live
# git 的仓库位置,十分重要
$projectroot = '/data/git/';
# This is the title of the site
$site_name = "用用的笨笨笨笨的用用 gitweb site";
# This is used to generate the URI for each repo
$my_uri = "/git";
# Text and URI for the home link
$home_link_str = "My Projects";
# 好像不支持中文 %>_<%
#$home_link_str = "用用的笨笨笨笨的用用 Projects";
$home_link = "/git";
# These tell gitweb the URIs for the images and css it needs.
# Depending on the version of GitWeb you have there may be
# different locations. Newer versions include a /static/ path
# element and a javascript library.
###### OLDER GITWEB ######################
#@stylesheets = ("/git/gitweb.css");
#$logo = "/git/git-logo.png";
#$favicon = "/git/git-favicon.png";
#$javascript = "/git/gitweb.js";
# 这里配置css 样式的路径,如果配置不正确,页面就会很丑的~~
##### NEWER GITWEB #######################
@stylesheets = ("/git/static/gitweb.css");
$logo = "/git/static/git-logo.png";
$favicon = "/git/static/git-favicon.png";
$javascript = "/git/static/gitweb.js";
# This just makes the description field wider so you can read
# it better
$projects_list_description_width = 50;
# This makes repo links use pretty URLs like /git/repo.git
$feature{'pathinfo'}{'default'} = [1];
编辑 gitweb.cgi 在文件的 约77 行处,可以找到 our $GIT 这里 设置git 的安装路径(如果安装git路径不配置不正确,会报500内部错误)
73 # core git executable to use
74 # this can just be "git" if your webserver has a sensible PATH
75 #our $GIT = "/usr/local/git/bin/git";
76 #our $GIT = "/usr/local/bin/git";
77 our $GIT = "/usr/bin/git";
78
79 # absolute fs-path which will be prepended to the project path
80 #our $projectroot = "/pub/scm";
81 our $projectroot = "/pub/git";
第一行可以看到 #!/usr/bin/perl 字样,使用perl 写的页面(好羡慕 😢)
1 #!/usr/bin/perl
2
3 # gitweb - simple web interface to track changes in git repositories
4 #
5 # (C) 2005-2006, Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
6 # (C) 2005, Christian Gierke
7 #
8 # This program is licensed under the GPLv2
如何查询自己的git 安装路径
localhost:vhost web$ which git
/usr/bin/git
在这里配置之后重启Apache ,在浏览器访问:http://127.0.0.1/git/
giweb附件: http://pan.baidu.com/s/1c0nqjxY
end ~