四：启动一个 Windows Server 实例
4.1：制作 Windows Server 2008 R2 镜像
4.1.1：创建磁盘
[root@node252 ~]# qemu-img create -f qcow2 /var/lib/libvirt/images/WinServer-2008-R2.qcow2 20G
Formatting '/var/lib/libvirt/images/WinServer-2008-R2.qcow2', fmt=qcow2 size=21474836480 encryption=off cluster_size=65536 lazy_refcounts=off4.1.2：创建 KVM虚拟机
由于 Windows 镜像不含 virtio 驱动，无法加载虚拟磁盘和虚拟网卡，需要额外的 virtio 驱动支持，各版本下载地址：
https://fedorapeople.org/groups/virt/virtio-win/direct-downloads/archive-virtio/
[root@node252 ~]# virt-install --virt-type kvm --name WinServer-2008-R2 \
--ram 2048 --vcpus=2 \
--os-type=windows \
--cdrom=/usr/local/src/windows_server_2008_r2.iso \
--disk path=/var/lib/libvirt/images/WinServer-2008-R2.qcow2,format=qcow2,bus=virtio \
--disk path=/usr/local/src/virtio-win-0.1.149_amd64.vfd,device=floppy \
--network bridge=br0,model=virtio \
--graphics vnc,listen=0.0.0.0 \
--noautoconsole4.1.3：打开虚拟机管理终端
- virt-manager 配合 Xmanager，打开虚拟机管理终端：
[root@node252 ~]# virt-manager
4.1.4：安装操作系统
按照常规步骤安装 Windows Server 2008 R2 系统，以下几点注意：
- 选择 “Windows Server 2008 R2 Enterprise （完全安装）” 进行安装；
- 安装过程中需要加载 virtio 驱动（将网卡驱动和磁盘驱动都进行一次安装）；
设置密码为 “Aa123456”：
4.1.5：添加一块内网网卡
- 关机，添加网卡，桥接到 br1，类型为 virtio：
4.1.6：系统初始化操作
开机，进行系统初始化操作。
- 配置外网 IP 地址（本地连接）：
- 配置内网 IP 地址（本地连接 2）：
- 验证网络通信：
- 关闭防火墙：
- 开启远程连接：
- 验证远程连接：
- 设置 NTP 时间同步（与本地 NTP 服务器同步时间）：
4.1.7：重新封装虚拟机
系统准备工具路径：C:\Windows\System32\syspre\sysprep.exe
- 勾选 “通用”，选择 “关机”：
4.1.8：拷贝磁盘文件至 Openstack 控制端
[root@node252 ~]# scp /var/lib/libvirt/images/WinServer-2008-R2.qcow2 node101:/root/4.2：创建镜像
- 导入 admin 凭证：
[root@node101 ~]# source admin-ocata.sh- 创建名为 WinServer-2008-R2 的镜像：
[root@node101 ~]# openstack image create "WinServer-2008-R2" --file /root/WinServer-2008-R2.qcow2 --disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare --public
+------------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+------------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| checksum | 6769fd8953052a47511da6a3a51f118d |
| container_format | bare |
| created_at | 2020-11-17T07:52:05Z |
| disk_format | qcow2 |
| file | /v2/images/e2f766f6-5e57-474f-96cf-34fd4e9e5002/file |
| id | e2f766f6-5e57-474f-96cf-34fd4e9e5002 |
| min_disk | 0 |
| min_ram | 0 |
| name | WinServer-2008-R2 |
| owner | acac1eb6c81540429c3323084bed23d9 |
| protected | False |
| schema | /v2/schemas/image |
| size | 7218397184 |
| status | active |
| tags | |
| updated_at | 2020-11-17T08:01:14Z |
| virtual_size | None |
| visibility | public |
+------------------+------------------------------------------------------+- 验证镜像：
[root@node101 ~]# openstack image list
+--------------------------------------+-------------------+--------+
| ID | Name | Status |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------+--------+
| f4316053-2df5-41b2-9ae4-61fbed684b96 | CentOS-7.2 | active |
| e2f766f6-5e57-474f-96cf-34fd4e9e5002 | WinServer-2008-R2 | active |
| 960434ae-56e7-49a2-8388-db376ac2a406 | cirros1 | active |
| 3168eab6-7ccd-4379-addd-b92266bc6f51 | cirros2 | active |
| 54461727-4f32-4cb9-8510-3ce5d66d39cb | cirros3 | active |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------+--------+4.3：确认实例可用资源
- 导入 demo 凭证：
[root@node101 ~]# source demo-ocata.sh- 列出可用虚拟机类型：
[root@node101 ~]# openstack flavor list
+--------------------------------------+-----------+------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+
| ID | Name | RAM | Disk | Ephemeral | VCPUs | Is Public |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+
| 0cc027fe-58e7-4548-ac4e-2c8e3b8bbd36 | 1c-1g-10G | 1024 | 10 | 0 | 1 | True |
| 1 | 2c-2g-20G | 2048 | 20 | 0 | 2 | True |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+- 列出可用镜像：
[root@node101 ~]# openstack image list
+--------------------------------------+-------------------+--------+
| ID | Name | Status |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------+--------+
| f4316053-2df5-41b2-9ae4-61fbed684b96 | CentOS-7.2 | active |
| e2f766f6-5e57-474f-96cf-34fd4e9e5002 | WinServer-2008-R2 | active |
| 960434ae-56e7-49a2-8388-db376ac2a406 | cirros1 | active |
| 3168eab6-7ccd-4379-addd-b92266bc6f51 | cirros2 | active |
| 54461727-4f32-4cb9-8510-3ce5d66d39cb | cirros3 | active |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------+--------+- 列出可用网络：
[root@node101 ~]# openstack network list
+--------------------------------------+--------------+--------------------------------------+
| ID | Name | Subnets |
+--------------------------------------+--------------+--------------------------------------+
| 5b845b84-5aa6-4b1b-b282-dc3694bdc82a | self-net | ced26a73-966c-40c6-8cab-71e683143f34 |
| 7356155c-9e74-463f-a93a-73f625640e8f | external-net | 9c339f48-a067-4c3b-bc70-11cd33f162ec |
| f2e6619e-c7dd-445c-91a6-024f34e37719 | test-net | c62894a0-602b-44d6-b31b-1b919eeb9742 |
+--------------------------------------+--------------+--------------------------------------+- 列出可用安全组：
[root@node101 ~]# openstack security group list
+--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+----------------------------------+
| ID | Name | Description | Project |
+--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+----------------------------------+
| 62d98b23-3efe-4b4f-8de1-2f62f1df9d55 | default | Default security group | 9a94f1a1e271459580613778bf7c3392 |
+--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+----------------------------------+- 列出可用密钥对：
[root@node101 ~]# openstack keypair list
+----------+-------------------------------------------------+
| Name | Fingerprint |
+----------+-------------------------------------------------+
| demo-key | 3e:39:7a:d1:43:ad:4c:4a:7b:19:5e:fe:bc:d3:27:86 |
+----------+-------------------------------------------------+4.4：启动实例（提供者网络）
4.4.1：创建实例
采用命令行方式创建。
- 创建一个名为 winserver-2008-r2-test 的云主机，2块网卡，分别使用 external-net 连接外网，test-net 连接内网：
[root@node101 ~]# openstack server create --flavor 2c-2g-20G --image WinServer-2008-R2 \
--nic net-id=7356155c-9e74-463f-a93a-73f625640e8f --nic net-id=f2e6619e-c7dd-445c-91a6-024f34e37719 \
--security-group default \
--key-name demo-key winserver-2008-r2-test
+-----------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-----------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| OS-DCF:diskConfig | MANUAL |
| OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone | |
| OS-EXT-STS:power_state | NOSTATE |
| OS-EXT-STS:task_state | scheduling |
| OS-EXT-STS:vm_state | building |
| OS-SRV-USG:launched_at | None |
| OS-SRV-USG:terminated_at | None |
| accessIPv4 | |
| accessIPv6 | |
| addresses | |
| adminPass | pqVJ8QrrX9MQ |
| config_drive | |
| created | 2020-11-18T06:43:50Z |
| flavor | 2c-2g-20G (1) |
| hostId | |
| id | 7c4bdd9a-cd95-4305-a8df-0c2429039e89 |
| image | WinServer-2008-R2 (27784f4b-b987-4827-a402-7f1dcf99648b) |
| key_name | demo-key |
| name | winserver-2008-r2-test |
| progress | 0 |
| project_id | 9a94f1a1e271459580613778bf7c3392 |
| properties | |
| security_groups | name='default' |
| status | BUILD |
| updated | 2020-11-18T06:43:51Z |
| user_id | 69e61c6f12594c768bb39efb4e865a9b |
| volumes_attached | |
+-----------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------+
4.4.2：修改实例 IP 地址
- 将实例的 IP 地址修改为 Openstack 分配的 IP 地址（外网 192.168.1.222，内网 172.16.1.229）：
- 验证内外网通信：
- 添加安全组规则，允许远程桌面连接：
- 验证远程登录：
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