spring-boot:1.5.3.RELEASE,spring-retry-1.2.0.RELEASE
使用方法
引入pom
// 版本号继承spring-boot依赖管理的pom
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.retry</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-retry</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
</dependency>
启用重试
@Configuration
@ImportResource(locations = { "classpath*:spring/app-context-*" })
@EnableRetry
public class AppContext {
}
注解需要重试的方法
@Retryable(value = RuntimeException.class, maxAttempts = 3,backoff = @Backoff(delay = 10L, multiplier = 1))
public boolean myRetryableMethod(){
...
}
注解属性含义
Retryable
@Target({ ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.TYPE })
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface Retryable {
/**
* 为重试方法应用重试拦截器的bean名称。与其他属性互斥
*/
String interceptor() default "";
/**
* 可以重试的异常类型。与includes属性同义。默认值为空(并且如果exclude也是空的话,
* 所有的异常都会重试)
*/
Class<? extends Throwable>[] value() default {};
/**
* 同上
*/
Class<? extends Throwable>[] include() default {};
/**
* 与include含义相反
*/
Class<? extends Throwable>[] exclude() default {};
/**
* 统计报告的唯一标签。如果没有提供,调用者可以选择忽略它,或者提供一个默认值。
*
* @return the label for the statistics
*/
String label() default "";
/**
* 标识重试有状态的:即异常重新抛出,但是重试策略使用相同的策略应用于后续的具有相同参数的
* 调用。如果为false那么可重试的异常不会重新抛出。
*/
boolean stateful() default false;
/**
* 尝试的最大次数(包含第一次失败),默认为3
*/
int maxAttempts() default 3;
/**
* 返回一个求尝试最大次数值的表达式(包含第一次失败),默认为3
* 重写 {@link #maxAttempts()}。
* @since 1.2
*/
String maxAttemptsExpression() default "";
/**
* 为正重试的动作指定backoff属性。默认没有backoff,但是在两次尝试之间暂停一下是一个很好的想法
* (即使代价是阻塞线程)
*/
Backoff backoff() default @Backoff();
/**
* 在{@code SimpleRetryPolicy.canRetry()}返回true之后指定一个计算表达式 - 可用来有条件的取消重试。
* 仅在调用抛出一个异常后。求值的root对象为上一次的异常 {@code Throwable}。
* 可以引用上下文中的其他beans。
* 例如:
* {@code "message.contains('you can retry this')"}.
* and
* {@code "@someBean.shouldRetry(#root)"}.
* @since 1.2
*/
String exceptionExpression() default "";
}
Backoff
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Import(RetryConfiguration.class)
@Documented
public @interface Backoff {
/**
* 与 {@link #delay()} 属性同义
*
* 返回延迟多少毫秒后重试(默认为1000毫秒)
*/
long value() default 1000;
/**
* 一个标准的再重试周期。在指数函数情况下用作初始值,在始终如一的情况下(固定周期值情况)
* 用作最小值。
* @return the initial or canonical backoff period in milliseconds (default 1000)???
*/
long delay() default 0;
/**
* 重试之间最大等待(毫秒)时间。如果小于 {@link #delay()} 则忽略。
* @return the maximum delay between retries (default 0 = ignored)
*/
long maxDelay() default 0;
/**
* 如果是正数,则用于生成下次再重试等待时间的乘数。
* 返回一个乘数用于计算下次再重试延迟(默认为0忽略)
*/
double multiplier() default 0;
/**
* 标准再重试周期求值表达式。在指数情况下用作初始值,始终如一的情况下用作最小值。
* 重写 {@link #delay()}.
* @since 1.2
*/
String delayExpression() default "";
/**
* 在重试之间最大等待(毫秒)数的求值表达式。
* 如果小于 {@link #delay()} 则忽略。
* 重写 {@link #maxDelay()}
* 默认为0,忽略
* @since 1.2
*/
String maxDelayExpression() default "";
/**
* 表达式求值作为生成下次再重试延迟的乘数
* 重写 {@link #multiplier()}。
* @since 1.2
*/
String multiplierExpression() default "";
/**
* 在指数情况下 ({@link #multiplier()} > 0) 设置该值为true将使再重试延迟随机化,
* 使最大延迟为先前延迟的乘数倍数,并使这两个延迟值之间分布均匀。
* 默认为false
*/
boolean random() default false;
}
案例
默认retry
@Component
public class MyTask {
@Retryable
public void doExecute(){
System.out.println("## current Date:" + new Date());
throw new RuntimeException("my test");
}
}
输出结果
## current Date:Sat Aug 29 21:54:55 CST 2020
## current Date:Sat Aug 29 21:54:56 CST 2020
## current Date:Sat Aug 29 21:54:57 CST 2020
2020-08-29 21:55:00,319 INFO [main] com.....common.datasource.DataSourceAspect:invoke:32 restore database connection
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: my test
...
stateful
源码相同,注解增加属性配置
@Retryable( stateful = true )
public void doExecute(){
输出结果
## current Date:Sat Aug 29 21:58:56 CST 2020
2020-08-29 21:58:57,557 INFO [main] com.....common.datasource.DataSourceAspect:invoke:32 restore database connection
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: my test
// 没有重新抛出异常触发重试
该参数为false时会重试3次后抛出异常,重试期间不会重新抛出异常。参数为true时则重试期间也会重新抛出异常导致重试失败不再继续重试
backoff.multiplier
注解属性配置
@Retryable( backoff = @Backoff( delay = 1000, multiplier = 2), maxAttempts = 10)
输出结果
## current Date:Sat Aug 29 23:06:50 CST 2020
## current Date:Sat Aug 29 23:06:51 CST 2020
## current Date:Sat Aug 29 23:06:53 CST 2020
## current Date:Sat Aug 29 23:06:57 CST 2020
## current Date:Sat Aug 29 23:07:05 CST 2020
## current Date:Sat Aug 29 23:07:21 CST 2020
## current Date:Sat Aug 29 23:07:51 CST 2020
## current Date:Sat Aug 29 23:08:21 CST 2020
## current Date:Sat Aug 29 23:08:51 CST 2020
## current Date:Sat Aug 29 23:09:21 CST 2020
2020-08-29 23:09:21,949 INFO [main] com.....common.datasource.DataSourceAspect:invoke:32 restore database connection
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: my test
乘数正确,指数型增长,第1次延迟1s
第2次,上次延迟1s乘以乘数2=延迟2s
第3次,上次延迟2s乘以乘数2=延迟4s
…
指数增长,如果没有指定则为始终如一的固定间隔延迟类型。新版本已经增加了各种类型单独的属性配置的模板构建者:
RetryTemplate.builder()
.maxAttempts(10)
.exponentialBackoff(100, 2, 10000)
.retryOn(IOException.class)
.traversingCauses()
.build();
RetryTemplate.builder()
.fixedBackoff(10)
.withinMillis(3000)
.build();
RetryTemplate.builder()
.infiniteRetry()
.retryOn(IOException.class)
.uniformRandomBackoff(1000, 3000)
.build();
backoff.random
测试代码
@Component
public class MyTask {
private Long lastTime = null;
@Retryable( backoff = @Backoff( delay = 1000, multiplier = 2, random = true), maxAttempts = 10)
public void doExecute(){
if (lastTime == null) {
lastTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
}
System.out.println("## actual delay:" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - lastTime) );
RuntimeException runtimeException = new RuntimeException("my test");
throw runtimeException;
}
}
输出结果
## current Date:Sat Aug 29 22:53:10 CST 2020
## current Date:Sat Aug 29 22:53:11 CST 2020
## current Date:Sat Aug 29 22:53:14 CST 2020
## current Date:Sat Aug 29 22:53:20 CST 2020
## current Date:Sat Aug 29 22:53:29 CST 2020
## current Date:Sat Aug 29 22:53:51 CST 2020
## current Date:Sat Aug 29 22:54:41 CST 2020
## current Date:Sat Aug 29 22:55:25 CST 2020
## current Date:Sat Aug 29 22:56:11 CST 2020
## current Date:Sat Aug 29 22:57:01 CST 2020
2020-08-29 22:57:01,617 INFO [main] com.....common.datasource.DataSourceAspect:invoke:32 restore database connection
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: my test
延迟更加随机化,由于是最大延迟为之前延迟的乘数的倍数,所以看不出规律。它的使用场景是使延迟更加随机化
exceptionExpression
测试代码
@Component
public class MyTask {
private Long lastTime = null;
public boolean canRetry(RuntimeException runtimeException) {
System.out.println("canRetry:"+runtimeException.hashCode());
return true;
}
@Retryable(exceptionExpression = "#{@myTask.canRetry(#root)}", backoff = @Backoff(delay = 1000, multiplier = 2, random = true))
public void doExecute() {
if (lastTime == null) {
lastTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
}
System.out.println("## actual delay:" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - lastTime));
RuntimeException runtimeException = new RuntimeException("my test");
System.out.println("doExecute:"+runtimeException.hashCode());
throw runtimeException;
}
}
输出结果
## actual delay:0
doExecute:626562869
2020-08-29 23:50:49,905 DEBUG [main] com.....common.datasource.DataSourceAspect:invoke:28 public boolean com.dianwoda.billing.settle.task.MyTask.canRetry(java.lang.RuntimeException) execute with datasource is master
canRetry:626562869
2020-08-29 23:50:49,906 INFO [main] com.....common.datasource.DataSourceAspect:invoke:32 restore database connection
2020-08-29 23:50:51,335 DEBUG [main] com.....common.datasource.DataSourceAspect:invoke:28 public boolean com.dianwoda.billing.settle.task.MyTask.canRetry(java.lang.RuntimeException) execute with datasource is master
canRetry:626562869
2020-08-29 23:50:51,336 INFO [main] com.....common.datasource.DataSourceAspect:invoke:32 restore database connection
## actual delay:1450
doExecute:90418597
2020-08-29 23:50:51,337 DEBUG [main] com.....common.datasource.DataSourceAspect:invoke:28 public boolean com.dianwoda.billing.settle.task.MyTask.canRetry(java.lang.RuntimeException) execute with datasource is master
canRetry:90418597
2020-08-29 23:50:51,338 INFO [main] com.....common.datasource.DataSourceAspect:invoke:32 restore database connection
2020-08-29 23:50:53,620 DEBUG [main] com.....common.datasource.DataSourceAspect:invoke:28 public boolean com.dianwoda.billing.settle.task.MyTask.canRetry(java.lang.RuntimeException) execute with datasource is master
canRetry:90418597
2020-08-29 23:50:53,620 INFO [main] com.....common.datasource.DataSourceAspect:invoke:32 restore database connection
## actual delay:3734
doExecute:307531674
2020-08-29 23:50:53,621 INFO [main] com.....common.datasource.DataSourceAspect:invoke:32 restore database connection
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: my test
注意:1.2.5之后表达式的预发有所改变,详情可以参考官方文档:https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-retry