查看文件目录的健康信息
执行如下的命令:
hdfs fsck /user/hadoop-twq/cmd
可以查看
/user/hadoop-twq/cmd
目录的健康信息:
其中有一个比较重要的信息,就是Corrupt blocks,表示损坏的数据块的数量
查看文件中损坏的块 (-list-corruptfileblocks)
[hadoop-twq@master ~]$ hdfs fsck /user/hadoop-twq/cmd -list-corruptfileblocks
Connecting to namenode via http://master:50070/fsck?ugi=hadoop-twq&listcorruptfileblocks=1&path=%2Fuser%2Fhadoop-twq%2Fcmd
The filesystem under path '/user/hadoop-twq/cmd' has 0 CORRUPT files
上面的命令可以找到某个目录下面的损坏的数据块,但是上面表示没有看到坏的数据块
损坏文件的处理
将损坏的文件移动至/lost+found目录 (-move)
hdfs fsck /user/hadoop-twq/cmd -move
删除有损坏数据块的文件 (-delete)
hdfs fsck /user/hadoop-twq/cmd -delete
检查并列出所有文件状态(-files)
执行如下的命令:
hdfs fsck /user/hadoop-twq/cmd -files
显示结果如下:
上面的命令可以检查指定路径下的所有文件的信息,包括:数据块的数量以及数据块的备份情况
检查并打印正在被打开执行写操作的文件(-openforwrite)
执行下面的命令可以检查指定路径下面的哪些文件正在执行写操作:
hdfs fsck /user/hadoop-twq/cmd -openforwrite
打印文件的Block报告(-blocks)
执行下面的命令,可以查看一个指定文件的所有的Block详细信息,需要和-files一起使用:
hdfs fsck /user/hadoop-twq/cmd/big_file.txt -files -blocks
结果如下:
如果,我们在上面的命令再加上-locations的话,就是表示还需要打印每一个数据块的位置信息,如下命令:
hdfs fsck /user/hadoop-twq/cmd/big_file.txt -files -blocks -locations
结果如下:
如果,我们在上面的命令再加上-racks的话,就是表示还需要打印每一个数据块的位置所在的机架信息,如下命令:
hdfs fsck /user/hadoop-twq/cmd/big_file.txt -files -blocks -locations -racks
结果如下:
hdfs fsck的使用场景
场景一
当我们执行如下的命令:
hdfs fsck /user/hadoop-twq/cmd
可以查看/user/hadoop-twq/cmd目录的健康信息:
我们可以看出,有两个文件的数据块的备份数量不足,这个我们可以通过如下的命令,重新设置两个文件数据块的备份数:
## 将文件big_file.txt对应的数据块备份数设置为1
hadoop fs -setrep -w 1 /user/hadoop-twq/cmd/big_file.txt
## 将文件parameter_test.txt对应的数据块备份数设置为1
hadoop fs -setrep -w 1 /user/hadoop-twq/cmd/parameter_test.txt
上面命令中 -w 参数表示等待备份数到达指定的备份数,加上这个参数后再执行的话,则需要比较长的时间
执行完上面的命令后,我们再来执行下面的命令:
hdfs fsck /user/hadoop-twq/cmd
结果如下:
场景二
当我们访问HDFS的WEB UI的时候,出现了如下的警告信息:
表明有一个数据块丢失了,这个时候我们执行下面的命令来确定是哪一个文件的数据块丢失了:
[hadoop-twq@master ~]$ hdfs fsck / -list-corruptfileblocks
Connecting to namenode via http://master:50070/fsck?ugi=hadoop-twq&listcorruptfileblocks=1&path=%2F
The list of corrupt files under path '/' are:
blk_1073744153 /tmp/hadoop-yarn/staging/history/done_intermediate/hadoop-twq/job_1528682852398_0015_conf.xml
The filesystem under path '/' has 1 CORRUPT files
发现是数据块blk_1073744153丢失了,这个数据块是淑文文件/tmp/hadoop-yarn/staging/history/done_intermediate/hadoop-twq/job_1528682852398_0015_conf.xml的。
如果出现这种场景是因为在DataNode中没有这个数据块,但是在NameNode的元数据中有这个数据块的信息,我们可以执行下面的命令,把这些没用的数据块信息删除掉,如下:
[hadoop-twq@master ~]$ hdfs fsck /tmp/hadoop-yarn/staging/history/done_intermediate/hadoop-twq/ -delete
Connecting to namenode via http://master:50070/fsck?ugi=hadoop-twq&delete=1&path=%2Ftmp%2Fhadoop-yarn%2Fstaging%2Fhistory%2Fdone_intermediate%2Fhadoop-twq
FSCK started by hadoop-twq (auth:SIMPLE) from /192.168.126.130 for path /tmp/hadoop-yarn/staging/history/done_intermediate/hadoop-twq at Tue Mar 05 19:18:00 EST 2019
....................................................................................................
..
/tmp/hadoop-yarn/staging/history/done_intermediate/hadoop-twq/job_1528682852398_0015_conf.xml: CORRUPT blockpool BP-1639452328-192.168.126.130-1525478508894 block blk_1073744153
/tmp/hadoop-yarn/staging/history/done_intermediate/hadoop-twq/job_1528682852398_0015_conf.xml: MISSING 1 blocks of total size 220262 B...................................................................................................
....................................................................................................
........................Status: CORRUPT
Total size: 28418833 B
Total dirs: 1
Total files: 324
Total symlinks: 0
Total blocks (validated): 324 (avg. block size 87712 B)
********************************
UNDER MIN REPL'D BLOCKS: 1 (0.30864197 %)
dfs.namenode.replication.min: 1
CORRUPT FILES: 1
MISSING BLOCKS: 1
MISSING SIZE: 220262 B
CORRUPT BLOCKS: 1
********************************
Minimally replicated blocks: 323 (99.69136 %)
Over-replicated blocks: 0 (0.0 %)
Under-replicated blocks: 0 (0.0 %)
Mis-replicated blocks: 0 (0.0 %)
Default replication factor: 1
Average block replication: 0.99691355
Corrupt blocks: 1
Missing replicas: 0 (0.0 %)
Number of data-nodes: 2
Number of racks: 1
FSCK ended at Tue Mar 05 19:18:01 EST 2019 in 215 milliseconds
然后执行:
[hadoop-twq@master ~]$ hdfs fsck / -list-corruptfileblocks
Connecting to namenode via http://master:50070/fsck?ugi=hadoop-twq&listcorruptfileblocks=1&path=%2F
The filesystem under path '/' has 0 CORRUPT files
丢失的数据块没有的,被删除了。我们也可以刷新WEB UI,也没有了警告信息:
所有的悲情叙事,都是因为你的基础体能不够