开发工具
- IntelliJ IDEA
- Apache-tomcat-9.0
- JDK 1.8
- MySQL 8.0.11
- Maven 3.5.4
IDEA+Maven搭建项目骨架
1. 新建Maven项目:
点击File -> New -> Project -> Maven -> 勾选 Create from archetype -> 选择 maven-archetype-webapp (注意:此处不要错选成上面的cocoom-22-archetype-webapp)
在弹出的new project 选项卡中填写GroupId和Artifactid,其中GroupID是项目组织唯一的标识符,实际对应JAVA的包的结构,是main目录里java的目录结构,ArtifactID是项目的唯一的标识符,实际对应项目的名称,就是项目根目录的名称。对于入门练习,这两项可以随意填写。
之后点击next 选择Maven版本(其中IDEA 专业版自带Maven,也可以选择自己下载的maven)。之后填写项目名称和项目地址,完成后点击Finish,完成项目骨架的创建。
2. 在新建的项目中添加所需要的文件/文件夹
创建之后的项目如图所示,我们需要在这之上新建一些目录。
在项目的根目录下新建target文件夹,系统自动将其设置为“Excluded”
在src/main目录下新建Directory:“java”,并将其设置为“Source Root”(即:此项目默认的代码文件源目录)
在刚才新建的java文件下新建“com”包,再在com包下新建四个包,分别命名为:pojo,service,dao,controller。(如果出现下图中所示的包名重叠的情况,可以点击图中所示的图标,将“Hide empty middle package取消掉”)
上面新建的四个包:pojo,service,dao,controller,其所存放的分别是:
pojo: 存放自定义的java类。如:paper类,user类,book类等,每个类的属性设为private,并提供public属性的getter/setter方法让外界访问
service:定义接口,包含系统所提供的功能。(之后还会在service包下再新建impl包)。
dao:定义接口,包含与数据库进行交互的功能。
controller:控制器,负责接收页面请求,转发和处理。
在resource包下新建Directory:“mapper”(用于存放xxxMapper.xml文件)和“spring”(用于存放spring-xxx.xml配置文件),新建文件:“jdbc.properties”(mysql数据库配置文件),”log4j.properties”(日志输出配置文件),”mybatis-config.xml”(mybatis框架配置文件)。
在web-inf目录下新建“jsp”包,存放xxx.jsp显示界面。
补充之后的项目目录如下图所示,至此项目骨架搭建完毕,开始写代码实现增删改查功能
3. 自定义Paper类
在这之前要对项目的pom.xml文件进行配置,在此文件中配置项目所需要的jar包。
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.tanlei</groupId>
<artifactId>SSM</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<name>SSM Maven Webapp</name>
<!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
<url>http://www.example.com</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
<spring.version>5.0.3.RELEASE</spring.version>
<mybatis.version>3.4.4</mybatis.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- 单元测试 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 第一部分:Spring 配置-->
<!-- Spring core -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring DAO -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring mvc -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 第二部分:Servlet web -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>taglibs</groupId>
<artifactId>standard</artifactId>
<version>1.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.9.4</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 第三部分:数据库和mybatis -->
<!-- 数据库 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.5.25</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 数据库连接池 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.5.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- MyBatis -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis-spring整合包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 第四部分:日志 -->
<!-- 实现slf4j接口并整合 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
<version>1.1.1</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
下面开始写java代码:
- 在pojo包中新建Paper.java
package com.taneli.pojo;
public class Paper {
private long paperId;
private String paperName;
private int paperNum;
private String paperDetail;
public long getPaperId() {
return paperId;
}
public void setPaperId(long paperId) {
this.paperId = paperId;
}
public String getPaperName() {
return paperName;
}
public void setPaperName(String paperName) {
this.paperName = paperName;
}
public int getPaperNum() {
return paperNum;
}
public void setPaperNum(int paperNum) {
this.paperNum = paperNum;
}
public String getPaperDetail() {
return paperDetail;
}
public void setPaperDetail(String paperDetail) {
this.paperDetail = paperDetail;
}
}
其中getter/setter方法可以在定义完私有属性之后使用IDEA提供的快捷键:ALT+Insert 来实现快速添加
在service包中新建接口 PaperService:
package com.taneli.service;
import com.taneli.pojo.Paper;
import java.util.List;
public interface PaperService {
//添加数据
int addPaper(Paper paper);
//根据ID删除一个
int deletePaperById(Long id);
//修改数据
int updatePaper(Paper paper);
//查找单个数据
Paper queryById(Long id);
//查找所有数据
List<Paper> queryAllPaper();
}
在service包下新建impl包,并在此包中新建PaperServiceImpl.java
package com.taneli.service.impl;
import com.taneli.dao.PaperDao;
import com.taneli.pojo.Paper;
import com.taneli.service.PaperService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.List;
@Service
public class PaperServiceImpl implements PaperService{
@Autowired
private PaperDao paperDao;
@Override
public int addPaper(Paper paper) {
return paperDao.addPaper(paper);
}
@Override
public int deletePaperById(Long id) {
return paperDao.deletePaperById(id);
}
@Override
public int updatePaper(Paper paper) {
return paperDao.updatePaper(paper);
}
@Override
public Paper queryById(Long id) {
return paperDao.queryById(id);
}
@Override
public List<Paper> queryAllPaper() {
return paperDao.queryAllPaper();
}
}
在dao包中新建接口 PaperDao.java
package com.taneli.dao;
import com.taneli.pojo.Paper;
import java.util.List;
public interface PaperDao {
int addPaper(Paper paper);
int deletePaperById(long id);
int updatePaper(Paper paper);
Paper queryById(long id);
List<Paper> queryAllPaper();
}
在controller包中新建 PaperController.java
package com.taneli.controller;
import com.taneli.pojo.Paper;
import com.taneli.service.PaperService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import java.util.List;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/paper")
public class PaperController {
@Autowired
private PaperService paperService;
//所有数据
@RequestMapping("/allPaper")
public String list(Model model){
List<Paper> list=paperService.queryAllPaper();
model.addAttribute("list",list);
return "allpaper";
}
//到达添加路径
@RequestMapping("toAddPaper")
public String toAddPaper(){
return "addPaper";
}
//增加单条数据
@RequestMapping("/addPaper")
public String addPaper(Paper paper){
paperService.addPaper(paper);
return "redirect:/paper/allPaper";
}
//根据id删除单条数据
@RequestMapping("/del/{paperId}")
public String deletePaper(@PathVariable("paperId") Long id ){
paperService.deletePaperById(id);
return "redirect:/paper/allPaper";
}
//根据id查找数据再修改单条数据
@RequestMapping("/toUpdatePaper")
public String toUpdatePaper(Model model, Long id) {
model.addAttribute("paper", paperService.queryById(id));
return "updatePaper";
}
//修改数据后保存跳到首页列表
@RequestMapping("/updatePaper")
public String updatePaper(Model model,Paper paper){
paperService.updatePaper(paper);
paper=paperService.queryById(paper.getPaperId());
model.addAttribute("paper",paper);
return "redirect:/paper/allPaper";
}
}
在resource/mapper包下新建 PaperMapper.xml(mybatis框架mapper代理开发配置文件)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.taneli.dao.PaperDao">
<resultMap id="paperResultMap" type="Paper">
<id property="paperId" column="paper_id"></id>
<result property="paperName" column="name"/>
<result property="paperNum" column="number"/>
<result property="paperDetail" column="detail"/>
</resultMap>
<insert id="addPaper" parameterType="Paper">
INSERT INTO paper(paper_id,name,number,detail) VALUE (#{paperId},#{paperName}, #{paperNum}, #{paperDetail})
</insert>
<delete id="deletePaperById" parameterType="long">
DELETE FROM paper WHERE paper_id=#{paperID}
</delete>
<update id="updatePaper" parameterType="Paper">
UPDATE paper
SET NAME = #{paperName},NUMBER = #{paperNum},detail = #{paperDetail}
WHERE paper_id = #{paperId}
</update>
<select id="queryById" resultType="Paper" parameterType="long">
SELECT paper_id,name,number,detail
FROM paper
WHERE paper_id=#{paperId}
</select>
<select id="queryAllPaper" resultMap="paperResultMap">
SELECT paper_id,name,number,detail
FROM paper
</select>
</mapper>
在resource/spring包下分别新建配置文件:spring-dao.xml , spring-mvc.xml , spring-service.xml
spring-dao.xml:(spring-mybatis整合配置文件)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 配置整合mybatis过程 -->
<!-- 1.配置数据库相关参数properties的属性:${url} -->
<!--<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>-->
<!-- 2.数据库连接池 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<!-- 配置连接池属性 -->
<property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/ssm?serverTimezone=UTC&characterEncoding=utf8"/>
<property name="user" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="password"/>
<!-- c3p0连接池的私有属性 -->
<property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
<property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>
<!-- 关闭连接后不自动commit -->
<property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/>
<!-- 获取连接超时时间 -->
<property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/>
<!-- 当获取连接失败重试次数 -->
<property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>
</bean>
<!-- 3.配置SqlSessionFactory对象 -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!-- 配置MyBaties全局配置文件:mybatis-config.xml -->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
<!-- 扫描pojo包 使用别名 -->
<property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.taneli.pojo"/>
<!-- 扫描sql配置文件:mapper需要的xml文件 -->
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*.xml"/>
</bean>
<!-- 4.配置扫描Dao接口包,动态实现Dao接口,注入到spring容器中 -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory -->
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
<!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 -->
<property name="basePackage" value="com.taneli.dao"/>
</bean>
</beans>
spring-mvc.xml:(spring mvc配置文件)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">
<!-- 配置SpringMVC -->
<!-- 1.开启SpringMVC注解模式 -->
<!-- 简化配置:
(1)自动注册DefaultAnootationHandlerMapping,AnotationMethodHandlerAdapter
(2)提供一些列:数据绑定,数字和日期的format @NumberFormat, @DateTimeFormat, xml,json默认读写支持
-->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- 2.静态资源默认servlet配置
(1)加入对静态资源的处理:js,gif,png
(2)允许使用"/"做整体映射
-->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 3.配置jsp 显示ViewResolver -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
<!-- 4.扫描web相关的bean -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.taneli.controller" />
</beans>
spring-service.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<!-- 扫描service包下所有使用注解的类型 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.taneli.service" />
<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置基于注解的声明式事务 -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
</beans>
在jdbc.properties文件中配置mysql数据库(这里的数据库名、表名,用户名,密码一定要记得修改!!!)。
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test?characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=password
在log4j.properties文件中配置日志设定
log4j.rootLogger=ERROR, stdout
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%5p [%t] - %m%n
在mybatis-config.xml文件中配置mybtis框架
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!-- 配置全局属性 -->
<settings>
<!-- 使用jdbc的getGeneratedKeys获取数据库自增主键值 -->
<setting name="useGeneratedKeys" value="true" />
<!-- 使用列别名替换列名 默认:true -->
<setting name="useColumnLabel" value="true" />
<!-- 开启驼峰命名转换:Table{create_time} -> Entity{createTime} -->
<setting name="mapUnderscoreToCamelCase" value="true" />
</settings>
</configuration>
配置web.xml文件
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
version="3.1" metadata-complete="true">
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 配置springMVC需要加载的配置文件
spring-dao.xml,spring-service.xml,spring-mvc.xml
Mybatis - > spring -> springmvc
-->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring/spring-*.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<!-- 默认匹配所有的请求 -->
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>
org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter
</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
利用tomcat进行项目部署
- 下载 安装 tomcat:tomcat 9 下载地址
- IDEA配置tomcat:
点击上方的 Run 选项,选择Edit Configuration
选择default -> tomcat -> local 选择下载安装到本地的tomcat服务器的地址
切换到Deployment选项页 点击 + 号选择 Arctifact
添加 项目名:war exploded 打包
最后在Application context 中选择 空白 那一项,点击 Apply 应用。