Selenium - Selenium webdriver的环境配置

原创

wx63a427ac86e31 2022-12-24 08:32:01 ©著作权

文章标签 Chrome chrome microsoft 文章分类 虚拟化云计算

©著作权归作者所有：来自51CTO博客作者wx63a427ac86e31的原创作品，请联系作者获取转载授权，否则将追究法律责任

selenium模块下载

在Python中，我们通过pip来下载使用：

pip install selenium
pip install -i https://pypi.doubanio.com/simple/ selenium  # 备用地址

浏览器驱动下载

除此之外，我们还需要安装浏览器驱动，比较常见的浏览器我们一般选用Chrome和Firefox了，当然IE和Safari也有自己的驱动：

Chrome驱动地址：https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/chromedriver，或者参见http://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/index.html
firefox驱动地址：https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases
IE驱动地址：https://developer.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-edge/tools/webdriver/
Safari驱动地址：https://webkit.org/blog/6900/webdriver-support-in-safari-10/

根据系统平台下载对应的浏览器驱动，windows下32位即可：

Selenium - Selenium webdriver的环境配置_microsoft

我们下载浏览器驱动的时候，要注意驱动和浏览器的版本对照，一般在每个版本详情目录中的notes.txt文件里，存着对应版本关系：

Selenium - Selenium webdriver的环境配置_chrome_02

或者参考下面的对应表：

Chromedriver	Chrome	Chromedriver	Chrome
ChromeDriver v2.46 (2019-02-01)	Supports Chrome v71-73	ChromeDriver v2.45 (2018-12-10)	Supports Chrome v70-72
ChromeDriver v2.44 (2018-11-19)	Supports Chrome v69-71	ChromeDriver v2.43 (2018-10-16)	Supports Chrome v69-71
ChromeDriver v2.42 (2018-09-13)	Supports Chrome v68-70	ChromeDriver v2.41 (2018-07-27)	Supports Chrome v67-69
ChromeDriver v2.40 (2018-06-07)	Supports Chrome v66-68	ChromeDriver v2.39 (2018-05-30)	Supports Chrome v66-68
ChromeDriver v2.38 (2018-04-17)	Supports Chrome v65-67	ChromeDriver v2.37 (2018-03-16)	Supports Chrome v64-66
ChromeDriver v2.36 (2018-03-02)	Supports Chrome v63-65	ChromeDriver v2.35 (2018-01-10)	Supports Chrome v62-64
ChromeDriver v2.34 (2017-12-10)	Supports Chrome v61-63	ChromeDriver v2.33 (2017-10-03)	Supports Chrome v60-62
ChromeDriver v2.32 (2017-08-30)	Supports Chrome v59-61	ChromeDriver v2.31 (2017-07-22)	Supports Chrome v58-60
ChromeDriver v2.30 (2017-06-07)	Supports Chrome v58-60	ChromeDriver v2.29 (2017-04-04)	Supports Chrome v56-58
ChromeDriver v2.28 (2017-03-08)	Supports Chrome v55-57	ChromeDriver v2.27 (2016-12-21)	Supports Chrome v54-56
ChromeDriver v2.26 (2016-12-05)	Supports Chrome v53-55	ChromeDriver v2.25 (2016-10-22)	Supports Chrome v53-55
ChromeDriver v2.24 (2016-09-09)	Supports Chrome v52-54	ChromeDriver v2.23 (2016-08-04)	Supports Chrome v51-53
ChromeDriver v2.22 (2016-06-04)	Supports Chrome v49-52	ChromeDriver v2.21 (2016-01-26)	Supports Chrome v46-50
ChromeDriver v2.20 (2015-10-08)	Supports Chrome v43-48	ChromeDriver v2.19 (2015-08-28)	Supports Chrome v43-47
ChromeDriver v2.18 (2015-08-19)	Supports Chrome v43-46	ChromeDriver v2.17 (2015-07-30)	Supports Chrome v42-43
ChromeDriver v2.16 (2015-06-08)	Supports Chrome v42-45	ChromeDriver v2.15 (2015-03-26)	Supports Chrome v40-43
ChromeDriver v2.14 (2015-01-28)	Supports Chrome v39-42	ChromeDriver v2.13 (2014-12-10)	Supports Chrome v38-41
ChromeDriver v2.12 (2014-10-27)	Supports Chrome v36-40	ChromeDriver v2.11 (2014-10-08)	Supports Chrome v36-40
ChromeDriver v2.10 (2014-05-01)	Supports Chrome v33-36	ChromeDriver v2.9 (2014-02-03)	Supports Chrome v31-34
ChromeDriver v2.8 (2013-12-16)	Supports Chrome v30-33	ChromeDriver v2.7 (2013-11-22)	Supports Chrome v30-33
ChromeDriver v2.6 (2013-11-05)	Supports Chrome v29-32	ChromeDriver v2.5 (2013-11-01)	Supports Chrome v29-32

下载到本地之后，把chromedriver.exe移动至Python解释器同级的目录或者Scripts目录下即可。

测试

现在让我们新建一个test1.py文件，输入如下代码，并运行测试：

from selenium import webdriver
# 创建Chrome WebDriver实例，此路径为驱动程序的路径
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
# firefox浏览器打开
# driver = webdriver.Firefox()
# 加载URL网页
driver.get("http://www.baidu.com/")
# 打印当前页面的title属性内容
print(driver.title)
# 关闭浏览器
driver.quit()

可以看到打开一个浏览器，然后很快就关闭了，本地也打印出了结果，表示安装成功！