1、目的

高并发环境下,大量请求从服务器后端获取资源,给后台服务器造成了巨大的压力。因此,在发布代码时,需要将后端的静态资源放到nginx,形成动态文件和静态文件分离。静态文件就从nginx服务器上获取,动态文件就从后端服务器获取。

2、服务器加载静态资源的链路方式

(1)用户请求接口:

可以在hosts文件夹下设置:

配置nginx动静分离全步骤_运维

192.168.52.130 gulimall.com

IP地址:代表nginx所在的服务器ip

域名代表要访问的接口;

(2)192.168.52.130服务器,接收到了80端口的请求,需要对gulimall.com这个域名进行处理。

配置文件如下:

[root@localhost conf]# vim nginx.conf 


user nginx;
worker_processes 1;

error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;


events {
worker_connections 1024;
}


http {
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;

log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;

sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;

keepalive_timeout 65;

#gzip on;
upstream gulimall{
server 10.49.103.92:88; ##对gulimall进行处理,路由到服务器的网关
}

server{ ##解析域名,映射到80端口
listen 80;
server_name gulimall.com *.gulimall.com;
location / {
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_pass http://gulimall;
}
}


include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}

 

配置nginx动静分离全步骤_nginx_02

 cp default.conf gulimall.conf

cat gulimall.conf

server {
listen 80;
server_name gulimall.com *.gulimall.com;

#charset koi8-r;
#access_log /var/log/nginx/log/host.access.log main;

location /static/{
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
}

location / {
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_pass http://gulimall;
}


#error_page 404 /404.html;

# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
}

# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}

# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}

# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}

docker restart nginx;

1、gulimall.com,因为在本地配置了访问路径,访问路径为nginx的ip地址。所以就不需要由域名服务器进行解析,而是直接访问nginx的ip和80端口。

2、又因为gulimall.com的网关在nginx.conf和gulimall.conf进行了配置,所以由nginx路由到了微服务的网关模块,再根据微服务的网关模块的断言配置,进而路由到了微服务的商品服务进行接口的页面的访问。

3、动静分离的静态资源,也会放在nginx的所在的服务器目录下,根据nginx的配置,进行存放,进而商品服务可以访问到静态资源。

- id: gulimall_host_route
uri: lb://gulimall-product
predicates:
- Host=gulimall.com,item.gulimall.com

经过gateway网关,路由到了gulimall-product服务,gulimall-product的服务,再从nginx进行获取静态文件,而不用从后端服务器获取。

nginx服务器存储静态文件的地址:

配置nginx动静分离全步骤_服务器_03

 gulimll-product的html里边只需要:


<img src="/static/index/img/top_find_logo.png" alt=""> 即可获取到nginx的静态资源。