Swagger 是一个规范和完整的框架,用于生成、描述、调用和可视化 RESTful 风格的 Web 服务。本文主要介绍了在 Spring Boot 添加 Swagger 支持, 生成可自动维护的 API 文档。
POM 文件
在pom.xml中加入Swagger2的依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
<version>2.6.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
<version>2.6.1</version>
</dependency>
代码支持
其次我们需要在代码中添加支持,于 Application 同级目录添加 Swagger 配置类,类名随意,但需要增加@EnableSwagger2和@Configuration注解,如下:
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import springfox.documentation.builders.ApiInfoBuilder;
import springfox.documentation.builders.RequestHandlerSelectors;
import springfox.documentation.service.ApiInfo;
import springfox.documentation.service.Contact;
import springfox.documentation.spi.DocumentationType;
import springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.Docket;
import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2;
@Configuration
@EnableSwagger2
public class Swagger2 {
@Bean
public Docket config() {
return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2)
.apiInfo(apiInfo())
.useDefaultResponseMessages(false)
.select()
.apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage("com.pxx.xxx.controller"))
.build();
}
//构建Api文档的详细信息函数
private ApiInfo apiInfo() {
return new ApiInfoBuilder()
.title("Blog系统API文档")
.contact(new Contact("作者", "访问地址", "联系方式"))
.build();
}
}
通过@Configuration注解,让Spring来加载该类配置,@EnableSwagger2注解来启用Swagger2。
再通过createRestApi函数创建Docket的Bean之后,apiInfo()用来创建该Api的基本信息(这些基本信息会展现在文档页面中)。select()函数返回一个ApiSelectorBuilder实例用来控制哪些接口暴露给Swagger来展现,本例采用指定扫描的包路径来定义,Swagger会扫描该包下所有Controller定义的API,并产生文档内容(除了被@ApiIgnore注解的API)
PS:这里需要注意的是.apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage("com.pxx.xxx.controller"))
指定了 Swagger 的扫描包名, 假如不指定此项, 在 Spring Boot 项目中, 会生成 base-err-controller 的 api 接口项。
访问地址
Ok. 接下来运行项目, 访问 http://项目启动地址/v2/api-docs , 就可以访问到生成的文档的json结构. (如下图 )
具体结构可参阅 Swagger官方示例
Swagger UI地址: 访问 http://项目启动地址//swagger-ui.html
注解
OK. 现在所有工作基本就绪,通过添加相应注解就可以快速生成相关接口文档, 这也是个人认为比较好的一点。
这里开始编写自己的RESTful Controller,跟正常开发没什么区别。主要是接口方法上面新增了几个注解:
- 通过@ApiOperation注解来给API增加说明
- 通过@ApiImplicitParams、@ApiImplicitParam注解来给参数增加说明
- 通过@ApiIgnore来忽略那些不想让生成RESTful API文档的接口
@Api(description = "文章操作相关接口")
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/article")
public class ArticleController {
private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ArticleController.class);
@Autowired
private BlogService blogService;
@Autowired
private JsonMapper jsonMapper;
@Autowired
private Environment env;
@Autowired
private PxxHttp pxxHttp;
@ApiOperation(value="创建文章", notes="")
@RequestMapping(value = {"/create"} , method = RequestMethod.POST)
MessageModel create(@ApiParam @RequestParam("params") String params) throws IOException {
return result;
}
@ApiOperation(value="更新文章", notes="")
@RequestMapping(value = "/update", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public @ResponseBody
MessageModel update(@ApiParam @RequestParam("params") String params) throws Exception {
return result;
}
@ApiOperation(value="mns更新文章", notes="")
@RequestMapping(value = "/updatearticle", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public @ResponseBody
MessageModel updateArticle(@ApiParam @RequestParam("params") String params) throws Exception {
return result;
}
}
-
@Api(description = "")
: 对整个 Controller 的定义做一个解释 -
@ApiOperation(value="", notes="")
: 对 Controller 内 function 定义的内容作一解释 -
@ApiParam
: 添加到参数前, Swagger 会自动生成 API 文档中对参数的标示
demo:
Swagger2:
package com.osp.ethscan.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import springfox.documentation.builders.ApiInfoBuilder;
import springfox.documentation.builders.PathSelectors;
import springfox.documentation.builders.RequestHandlerSelectors;
import springfox.documentation.service.ApiInfo;
import springfox.documentation.service.Contact;
import springfox.documentation.spi.DocumentationType;
import springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.Docket;
import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2;
/**
*
* @author zhangmingcheng
* @date 2018年9月25日
*/
@Configuration
@EnableSwagger2
public class Swagger2 {
@Bean
public Docket createRestApi() {
return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2).apiInfo(apiInfo()).select()
.apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage("com.osp.ethscan.controller")).paths(PathSelectors.any())
.build();
}
/**
* 构建Api文档的详细信息函数
*
* @return
*/
private ApiInfo apiInfo() {
return new ApiInfoBuilder().title("osp-etherscan api文档")
.description("简单优雅的restful风格,")
.contact(new Contact("zmcheng", "", ""))
.termsOfServiceUrl("").version("1.0").build();
}
}
Controller:
package com.osp.ethscan.controller;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import com.osp.ethscan.entity.UserEntity;
import com.osp.ethscan.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.osp.ethscan.service.MailService;
import io.swagger.annotations.Api;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiImplicitParam;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation;
import springfox.documentation.annotations.ApiIgnore;
@Api(description = "springboot学习测试相关接口")
@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = "/books")
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
@Autowired
private MailService mailService;
@ApiOperation(value = "获取用户列表", notes = "")
@RequestMapping(value = "/getUsers", method = { RequestMethod.GET })
public List<UserEntity> getUsers() {
List<UserEntity> users = userMapper.getAll();
mailService.sendSimpleMail("18753377530@163.com", "test simple mail", " hello this is simple mail");
return users;
}
// 如果请求参数在url上,@ApiImplicitParam上加paramType = "path"
@RequestMapping(value = "/{id}", method = { RequestMethod.GET })
@ApiImplicitParam(name = "id", value = "用户ID", required = true, dataType = "Long", paramType = "path")
@ApiOperation(value = "获取用户信息", notes = "根据url的id来获取用户信息")
public UserEntity getUser(@PathVariable Long id) {
UserEntity user = userMapper.getOne(id);
return user;
}
@RequestMapping("/add")
public void save(UserEntity user) {
userMapper.insert(user);
}
@ApiIgnore // 使用该注解忽略这个API
@RequestMapping(value = "update")
public void update(UserEntity user) {
userMapper.update(user);
}
@ApiIgnore // 使用该注解忽略这个API
@RequestMapping(value = "/delete/{id}")
public void delete(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
userMapper.delete(id);
}
}