没有用catalog时候的管理

当没有使用catalog的时候，rman的信息都是放到控制文件中的。要是子自动备份中恢复控制文件后，使用configure做的配置设置都会回退到这个控制文件时候的状态，所以在resotre数据文件之前要先show all看下，检查下配置是否正确。

rman的备份的记录都放在控制文件中，为了防止控制文件因为存放rman repository数据变得过大，如果记录超过了你指定的阀值，那么这个记录可以被重用。

controlf_fil_record_keep_time初始化参数指定了记录被覆盖前的保存的最小天数。如果没有记录超过这个阀值，由于磁盘或别的原因导致了无法向控制文件中添加记录，那么oracle会覆盖最老的记录，然后在alert日志中写入信息

使用crosscheck更新rman repository

crosscheck更新rman repository中的关于repository 记录不匹配物理状态的备份的过期信息，例如，如果一个用户使用操作系统命令移除了备份日志，repository仍然认为日志还在磁盘上，但实际上他们已经不再了。

如果备份在磁盘上，crossback命令决定文件头是否是有效的。如果备份在磁带上，那么命令只是检查备份是否存在，备份的状态可能是：available, unavailable,和expired。

可以使用rman的list命令或是查询v$backup_files视图来查看备份的状态。

CROSSCHECK BACKUP;

RUN {
     ALLOCATE CHANNEL FOR MAINTENANCE DEVICE TYPE sbt;
     CROSSCHECK BACKUP; 
}

CROSSCHECK COPY；

CROSSCHECK BACKUPSET;

CROSSCHECK BACKUP;  # checks backup sets, proxy copies, and image copies
CROSSCHECK COPY OF DATABASE;
CROSSCHECK BACKUPSET 1338, 1339, 1340;
CROSSCHECK BACKUPPIECE TAG = 'nightly_backup';
CROSSCHECK CONTROLFILECOPY '/tmp/control01.ctl';
CROSSCHECK DATAFILECOPY 113, 114, 115;
CROSSCHECK PROXY 789;

CROSSCHECK BACKUP OF ARCHIVELOG ALL SPFILE;

删除备份

DELETE BACKUPPIECE 101;

DELETE CONTROLFILECOPY '/tmp/control01.ctl';

DELETE NOPROMPT ARCHIVELOG UNTIL SEQUENCE = 300;

delete noprompt archivelog until time 'sysdate-15';

DELETE BACKUP OF TABLESPACE users DEVICE TYPE sbt; # delete only from tape
DELETE COPY OF CONTROLFILE LIKE '/tmp/%';  #
DELETE BACKUP TAG='before_upgrade';
DELETE NOPROMPT ARCHIVELOG ALL;

DELETE EXPIRED BACKUP;

DELETE OBSOLETE;

删除数据库

To drop a database:

  1. Connect RMAN to the target database and (optionally) recovery catalog. For example:

    rman TARGET / CATALOG rman/rman@catdb

  2. Catalog all backups that are associated with the database. For example, the following commands catalogs files in the flash recovery area, and then in a secondary archiving destination:

    RMAN> CATALOG START WITH '+disk1';    # all files from flash recovery area 
                                      # (stored on ASM disk)
RMAN> CATALOG START WITH '/arch_dest2';  # all files from second arch dest

  3. Delete all backups and copies associated with the database. For example:

    RMAN> DELETE BACKUPSET; # deletes all backups
RMAN> DELETE COPY; # delete all image copies (including archived logs)

  4. Remove the database from the operating system (and automatically unregister it from the recovery catalog if you are connected to the catalog). For example:

    DROP DATABASE; # delete all database files and unregister the database