Spring通过任务执行器(TaskExecutor)来实现多线程和并发编程。

使用ThreadPoolTaskExecutor可实现一个基于线程池的TaskExecutor。而实际开发中任务一般是非阻碍的,即异步的,所以我们要在配置类中通过@EnableAsync开启对异步任务的支持,并通过在实际执行的Bean的方法中使用@Async注解来声明其是一个异步任务。

springboot 多线程TaskExecutor_java

配置类

TaskExecutorConfig.java

package com.shrimpking;

import org.springframework.aop.interceptor.AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.AsyncConfigurer;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;
import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor;

import java.util.concurrent.Executor;

/**
 * Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
 *
 * @Author : Shrimpking
 * @create 2023/6/8 12:13
 * @EnableAsync注解开启异步任务支持。
 *
 */
@Configuration
@ComponentScan("com.shrimpking")
@EnableAsync
public class TaskExecutorConfig implements AsyncConfigurer
{
    /**
     * 实现AsyncConfigurer接口并重写getAsyncExecutor方法,
     * 并返回一个ThreadPoolTaskExecutor,
     * 这样我们就获得了一个基于线程池TaskExecutor。
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public Executor getAsyncExecutor()
    {
        ThreadPoolTaskExecutor taskExecutor
                = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
        taskExecutor.setCorePoolSize(5);
        taskExecutor.setMaxPoolSize(10);
        taskExecutor.setQueueCapacity(25);
        taskExecutor.initialize();
        return taskExecutor;
    }

    @Override
    public AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler getAsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler()
    {
        return null;
    }
}

代码解释

①利用@EnableAsync注解开启异步任务支持。

②配置类实现AsyncConfigurer接口并重写getAsyncExecutor方法,并返回一个ThreadPoolTaskExecutor,这样我们就获得了一个基于线程池TaskExecutor。

任务执行类

AsycTaskDemo.java

package com.shrimpking;

import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

/**
 * Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
 *
 * @Author : Shrimpking
 * @create 2023/6/8 12:21
 * @Async注解表明该方法是个异步方法,
 */
@Service
public class AsycTaskDemo
{
    @Async
    public void executeAsycTask(int i)
    {
        System.out.println("执行异步任务:" + i);
    }

    @Async
    public void executeAsycTaskPlus(int i)
    {
        System.out.println("执行异步任务+1:" + (i+1));
    }
}

代码解释

①通过@Async注解表明该方法是个异步方法,如果注解在类级别,则表明该类所有的方法都是异步方法,而这里的方法自动被注入使用ThreadPoolTaskExecutor作为TaskExecutor。

运行

package com.shrimpking;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;

@SpringBootApplication
public class Springboot48TaskexecutorApplication
{

    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        //SpringApplication.run(Springboot48TaskexecutorApplication.class, args);
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context
                = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(TaskExecutorConfig.class);

        AsycTaskDemo taskDemo = context.getBean(AsycTaskDemo.class);
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
        {
            taskDemo.executeAsycTask(i);
            taskDemo.executeAsycTaskPlus(i);
        }

        context.close();
    }

}

结果是并发执行而不是顺序执行的,

springboot 多线程TaskExecutor_spring_02