1.配置
HBaseConfiguration
包:org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration
作用:通过此类可以对HBase进行配置
用法实例:
Configuration config = HBaseConfiguration.create();
说明: HBaseConfiguration.create() 默认会从classpath 中查找 hbase-site.xml 中的配置信息,初始化 Configuration。
使用方法:
static Configuration config = null;
static {
config = HBaseConfiguration.create();
config.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "slave1,slave2,slave3");
config.set("hbase.zookeeper.property.clientPort", "2181");
}
2.表管理类
HBaseAdmin
包:org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HBaseAdmin
作用:提供接口关系HBase 数据库中的表信息
用法:
HBaseAdmin admin = new HBaseAdmin(config);
3.表描述类
HTableDescriptor
包:org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HTableDescriptor
作用:HTableDescriptor 类包含了表的名字以及表的列族信息
表的schema(设计)
用法:
HTableDescriptor htd =new HTableDescriptor(tablename);
htd.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor(“myFamily”));
4.列族的描述类
HColumnDescriptor
包:org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HColumnDescriptor
作用:HColumnDescriptor 维护列族的信息
用法:
htd.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor(“myFamily”));
5.创建表的操作
CreateTable(一般我们用shell创建表)
static Configuration config = null;
static {
config = HBaseConfiguration.create();
config.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "slave1,slave2,slave3");
config.set("hbase.zookeeper.property.clientPort", "2181");
}
HBaseAdmin admin = new HBaseAdmin(config);
HTableDescriptor desc = new HTableDescriptor(tableName);
HColumnDescriptor family1 = new HColumnDescriptor(“f1”);
HColumnDescriptor family2 = new HColumnDescriptor(“f2”);
desc.addFamily(family1);
desc.addFamily(family2);
admin.createTable(desc);
6.删除表
HBaseAdmin admin = new HBaseAdmin(config);
admin.disableTable(tableName);
admin.deleteTable(tableName);
7.创建一个表的类
HTable
包:org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HTable
作用:HTable 和 HBase 的表通信
用法:
// 普通获取表
HTable table = new HTable(config,Bytes.toBytes(tablename);
// 通过连接池获取表
Connection connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(config);
HTableInterface table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf("user"));
8.单条插入数据
Put
包:org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Put
作用:插入数据
用法:
Put put = new Put(row);
p.add(family,qualifier,value);
说明:向表 tablename 添加 “family,qualifier,value”指定的值。
示例代码:
Connection connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(config);
HTableInterface table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf("user"));
Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
put.add(Bytes.toBytes(family), Bytes.toBytes(qualifier),Bytes.toBytes(value));
table.put(put);
9.批量插入
批量插入
List<Put> list = new ArrayList<Put>();
Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));//获取put,用于插入
put.add(Bytes.toBytes(family), Bytes.toBytes(qualifier),Bytes.toBytes(value));//封装信息
list.add(put);
table.put(list);//添加记录
10.删除数据
Delete
包:org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Delete
作用:删除给定rowkey的数据
用法:
Delete del= new Delete(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
table.delete(del);
代码实例
Connection connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(config);
HTableInterface table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf("user"));
Delete del= new Delete(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
table.delete(del);
11.单条查询
Get
包:org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Get
作用:获取单个行的数据
用法:
HTable table = new HTable(config,Bytes.toBytes(tablename));
Get get = new Get(Bytes.toBytes(row));
Result result = table.get(get);
说明:获取 tablename 表中 row 行的对应数据
代码示例:
Connection connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(config);
HTableInterface table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf("user"));
Get get = new Get(rowKey.getBytes());
Result row = table.get(get);
for (KeyValue kv : row.raw()) {
System.out.print(new String(kv.getRow()) + " ");
System.out.print(new String(kv.getFamily()) + ":");
System.out.print(new String(kv.getQualifier()) + " = ");
System.out.print(new String(kv.getValue()));
System.out.print(" timestamp = " + kv.getTimestamp() + "\n");
}
12.批量查询
ResultScanner
包:org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ResultScanner
作用:获取值的接口
用法:
ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(scan);
For(Result rowResult : scanner){
Bytes[] str = rowResult.getValue(family,column);
}
说明:循环获取行中列值。
代码示例:
Connection connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(config);
HTableInterface table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf("user"));
Scan scan = new Scan();
scan.setStartRow("a1".getBytes());
scan.setStopRow("a20".getBytes());
ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(scan);
for (Result row : scanner) {
System.out.println("\nRowkey: " + new String(row.getRow()));
for (KeyValue kv : row.raw()) {
System.out.print(new String(kv.getRow()) + " ");
System.out.print(new String(kv.getFamily()) + ":");
System.out.print(new String(kv.getQualifier()) + " = ");
System.out.print(new String(kv.getValue()));
System.out.print(" timestamp = " + kv.getTimestamp() + "\n");
}
}
13.hbase过滤器
13.1.FilterList
FilterList 代表一个过滤器列表,可以添加多个过滤器进行查询,多个过滤器之间的关系有:
与关系(符合所有):FilterList.Operator.MUST_PASS_ALL
或关系(符合任一):FilterList.Operator.MUST_PASS_ONE
使用方法:
FilterList filterList = new FilterList(FilterList.Operator.MUST_PASS_ONE);
Scan s1 = new Scan();
filterList.addFilter(new SingleColumnValueFilter(Bytes.toBytes(“f1”), Bytes.toBytes(“c1”), CompareOp.EQUAL,Bytes.toBytes(“v1”) ) );
filterList.addFilter(new SingleColumnValueFilter(Bytes.toBytes(“f1”), Bytes.toBytes(“c2”), CompareOp.EQUAL,Bytes.toBytes(“v2”) ) );
// 添加下面这一行后,则只返回指定的cell,同一行中的其他cell不返回
s1.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes(“f1”), Bytes.toBytes(“c1”));
s1.setFilter(filterList); //设置filter
ResultScanner ResultScannerFilterList = table.getScanner(s1); //返回结果列表
13.2.过滤器的种类
过滤器的种类:
列植过滤器—SingleColumnValueFilter
- 过滤列植的相等、不等、范围等
列名前缀过滤器—ColumnPrefixFilter
- 过滤指定前缀的列名
多个列名前缀过滤器—MultipleColumnPrefixFilter
- 过滤多个指定前缀的列名
rowKey过滤器—RowFilter
- 通过正则,过滤rowKey值。
13.3.列植过滤器—SingleColumnValueFilter
SingleColumnValueFilter 列值判断
- 相等 (CompareOp.EQUAL ),
- 不等(CompareOp.NOT_EQUAL),
- 范围 (e.g., CompareOp.GREATER)…………
下面示例检查列值和字符串’values’ 相等…
SingleColumnValueFilter f = new SingleColumnValueFilter(
Bytes.toBytes("cFamily") Bytes.toBytes("column"), CompareFilter.CompareOp.EQUAL,
Bytes.toBytes("values"));
s1.setFilter(f);
注意:如果过滤器过滤的列在数据表中有的行中不存在,那么这个过滤器对此行无法过滤。
13.4.列名前缀过滤器—ColumnPrefixFilter
过滤器—ColumnPrefixFilter
- ColumnPrefixFilter 用于指定列名前缀值相等
- ColumnPrefixFilter f = new
- ColumnPrefixFilter(Bytes.toBytes(“values”));
s1.setFilter(f);
13.5.多个列值前缀过滤器—MultipleColumnPrefixFilter
MultipleColumnPrefixFilter 和 ColumnPrefixFilter 行为差不多,但可以指定多个前缀
byte[][] prefixes = new byte[][] {Bytes.toBytes("value1"),Bytes.toBytes("value2")};
Filter f = new MultipleColumnPrefixFilter(prefixes);
s1.setFilter(f);
13.6.rowKey过滤器—RowFilter
RowFilter 是rowkey过滤器
通常根据rowkey来指定范围时,使用scan扫描器的StartRow和StopRow方法比较好。
Filter f = new RowFilter(CompareFilter.CompareOp.EQUAL, new RegexStringComparator("^1234")); //匹配以1234开头的rowkey
s1.setFilter(f);