本文举例说明在ASP.NET中发送Email的众多可能性,内容覆盖了诸如Email格式、优先权、附件及Email编码等方面。


ASP.NET被赋予了一个发送Email的新对象,名为SmtpMail。使用SmtpMail对象从ASP.NET页面中发送Email时,可以遵循以下简单步骤:


包含与邮件有关类所需要的名称空间;

例示一个信息对象,设置属性;

使用SmtpMail对象实例的send方法发送邮件。




现在我们就来一步一步地研究从一个ASP.NET页面发送Email的过程。我们使用了VB来说明这个例子,最后将包含VB和C#的完整代码。


第一步:包含名称空间



在ASP.NET 页面中引入System.Web.Util 名称空间,这个名称空间中包括了发送一个email所必须的所有对象。这些对象是:


SmtpMail:代表邮件系统,用于发送email。

MailMessage:代表一个信息,其属性包括发件人地址、收件人地址等。

MailFormat:代表信息的格式:HTML、文本等。

MailAttachment:代表一个email附件。

MailEncoding enum:代表Base64 或Uuencode的任何编码。取值范围:Base64、UUencode

MailPriority enum:用来为信息设置优先权。值为:高、低、一般。

<% @Import Namespace = "System.Web.Util" %>



第二步:例示 MailMessage 对象



使用以下语句来例示MailMessage对象:


Dim mailObj AS new MailMessage



用MailMessage对象的属性来准备邮件。MailMessage对象有下列属性:


From:发件人的Email地址

To:收件人的Email地址

Subject:email的主题

Body:email的主体

CC:email抄送的收件人列表

BCC:email暗送的收件人列表

Priority:信息的优先权:高、低或一般

BodyEncoding:信息体的编码,如果有的话,就是Base64或UUencode

BodyFormat:信息的格式:Html 或text

Attachments:附加到email 的MailAttachment对象列表,主要就是对这个对象集合的一个引用



下面这段代码示范了使用MailMessage 对象属性的方法,它们代表了将在本例中创建的一个信息,这个信息要用SmtpMail对象来发送。在例子中,mailObj引用了信息对象的例示:


mailObj.From = "​abc@mydomain.com​"

mailObj.To = Request.Form ("to")

mailObj.Subject = "subject of the mail"

mailObj.Body = "Message of the mail"



第三步:发送Email



这时,我们就可以使用SmtpMail 对象的Send方法来发送邮件了:


SmtpMail.Send(mailObj)



完整实例



最后,我们把以上解释的属性结合在一个完整的例子中。为了说明用ASP.NET 发送一个email 的全部可能性,我们还包含了一些“小技巧”。下面是使用VB.NET的完整例子:


<%@page language="VB" %>

<%@Import Namespace="System.Web.Util" %>

<HTML><BODY>

<SCRIPT LANGUAGE="VB" RUNAT="server">

' This method is called on the server when the submit

' button is clicked on the client and when the page

' posts back to itself

Sub SendMail (Obj As Object, E As EventArgs)

' Instantiate a MailMessage object. This serves as a message object

' on which we can set properties.

Dim mailObj AS new MailMessage

' Set the from and to address on the email

mailObj.From = Request.Form("From")

mailObj.To = Request.Form("To")

mailObj.Subject = "Subject Of the Mail"

mailObj.Body = "Body of the Mail"

' Optional: HTML format for the email

mailObj.BodyFormat = MailFormat.Html

' Optional: Encoding for the message

mailObj.BodyEncoding = MailFormat.Base64

' Optional: Set the priority of the message to high

mailObj.Priority = MailPriority.High

' Optional: Attach a file to the email.

' Note here that we have created a MailAttachment object to

' attach a file to the email

mailObj.Attachments.Add(new MailAttachment("c:\test.doc"))

' Send the email using the SmtpMail object

SmtpMail.Send(mailObj)

End Sub

</SCRIPT>

<asp:label ID="Headingmsg" Text="Enter Your Email Address:" RUNAT="server"/>

<FORM METHOD="post" RUNAT="server">

Email Recipient: <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="to"> <br>

Email Sender: <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="from">

<INPUT TYPE="submit" NAME="Submit" VALUE="Send Mail" RUNAT="server" OnServerClick="SendMail">

</FORM>

</BODY>



在以上例子中,From(发件人)和 To(收件人)的Email地址是从相应的文本框中收集的,点击“Send Mail”(发送邮件)按钮时,邮件就被发送出去。当“Send Mail”(发送邮件)按钮被点击时,表单回递到它自己,在服务器上“SendMail”(发送邮件)程序被触发,邮件被发送。下面是使用C#的例子:


<%@page language="C#" %>

<%@Import Namespace="System.Web.Util" %>

<HTML><BODY>

<SCRIPT LANGUAGE="C#" RUNAT="server">

// This method is called on the server when the submit

// button is clicked on the client and when the page

// posts back to itself

public void SendMail (Object Obj, EventArgs E)

{

// Instantiate a MailMessage object. This serves as a message object

// on which we can set properties.

MailMessage mailObj = new MailMessage();

// Set the from and to address on the email

mailObj.From = Request.Form("From");

mailObj.To = Request.Form("To");

mailObj.Subject = "Subject Of the Mail";

mailObj.Body = "Body of the Mail";

// Optional: HTML format for the email

mailObj.BodyFormat = MailFormat.Html;

// Optional: Encoding for the message

mailObj.BodyEncoding = MailFormat.Base64;

// Optional: Set the priority of the message to high

mailObj.Priority = MailPriority.High;

// Optional: Attach a file to the email.

// Note here that we have created a MailAttachment object to

// attach a file to the email

mailObj.Attachments.Add(new MailAttachment("c:\\test.doc"));

// Send the email using the SmtpMail object

SmtpMail.Send(mailObj);

}

</SCRIPT>

<asp:label ID="Headingmsg" Text="Enter Your Email Address:" RUNAT="server"/>

<FORM METHOD="post" RUNAT="server">

Email Recipient: <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="to"> <br>

Email Sender: <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="from">

<INPUT TYPE="submit" NAME="Submit" VALUE="Send Mail" RUNAT="server" OnServerClick="SendMail">

</FORM>

</BODY>