在上一篇[Cake] 2. dotnet 全局工具 cake中介绍了通过.Net Core 2.1 的全局工具dotnet tool命令来简化cake的安装和使用。因为是全局安装，则无法适应每个项目对特定版本的要求。随着.Net Core 3.0中增加的对本地工具（项目级别）的支持，使得这一问题得以解决。
1. cake的安装和还原# 创建一个本地的工具清单文件 dotnet new tool-manifest # 安装本地工具 dotnet tool install cake.tool --version 0.35.0
dotnet new tool-manifest命令会在当前目录下创建一个.config/dotnet-tools.json的文件。当我们执行dotnet tool install cake.tool时，就会把cake.tool的相关信息写入到这个文件。
{
"version": 1,
"isRoot": true,
"tools": {
"cake.tool": {
"version": "0.35.0",
"commands": [
"dotnet-cake"
]
},
"dotnet-format": {
"version": "3.1.37601",
"commands": [
"dotnet-format"
]
}
}
}之后就可以执行dotnet cake(或者dotnet tool run dotnet-cake)命令了。
$ dotnet cake --help Usage: Cake.exe [script] [--target=value] [--verbosity=value] [--showdescription] [--dryrun] [..] Example: Cake.exe Example: Cake.exe build.cake --verbosity=quiet Example: Cake.exe build.cake --showdescription Options: --targetTarget task to invoke. Script must support this explicitly. --verbosity=value Specifies the amount of information to be displayed. (Quiet, Minimal, Normal, Verbose, Diagnostic) --debug Performs a debug. --showdescription Shows description about tasks. --showtree Shows the task dependency tree. --dryrun Performs a dry run. --exclusive Execute a single task without any dependencies. --bootstrap Download/install modules defined by #module directives --version Displays version information. --info Displays additional information about Cake execution. --help Displays usage information.
当我们在CI/CD或者另外一个环境上时，只需要执行
dotnet tool restore
就可以把.config/dotnet-tools.json文件中配置的相关工具安装在本地了。
2. dotnet format 格式化介绍一下另外一个非常有用的工具dotnet-format。看下官方介绍：
dotnet-format is a code formatter for dotnet that applies style preferences to a project or solution. Preferences will be read from an .editorconfig file, if present, otherwise a default set of preferences will be used. At this time dotnet-format is able to format C# and Visual Basic projects with a subset of supported .editorconfig options.
它会使用.editorconfig中的格式化配置，来统一项目的文件编码和格式。 安装方式同上面的cake一样。
# 安装 dotnet tool install dotnet-format # 检查并保存 dotnet format # 只检查不保存，检查失败则返回非0的exit code dotnet format --check --dry-run
结合CI使用非常方便，当你push的代码不符合格式要求时就直接失败了（一个失败的示例：https://github.com/linianhui/cake.example/commit/471f58754c390cb9946a5282c6d73275b90549d9/checks?check_suite_id=361927437）。
示例，它会提示出那些地方不符合.editorconfig的要求：
$ dotnet format --check --dry-run 1-src/Cake.Example/Animals/Cat.cs(17,2): Add final newline. 1-src/Cake.Example/Animals/Dog.cs(17,2): Add final newline. 1-src/Cake.Example/IAnimal.cs(14,2): Add final newline. 2-test/Cake.Example.Tests/AnimalsTests/CatTest.cs(18,2): Add final newline. 2-test/Cake.Example.Tests/AnimalsTests/DotTest.cs(18,2): Add final newline. 1-src/Cake.Example/Animals/Cat.cs(1,31): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/Animals/Cat.cs(2,2): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/Animals/Cat.cs(3,18): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/Animals/Cat.cs(4,12): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/Animals/Cat.cs(5,19): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/Animals/Cat.cs(6,38): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/Animals/Cat.cs(7,6): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/Animals/Cat.cs(8,22): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/Animals/Cat.cs(9,15): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/Animals/Cat.cs(10,23): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/Animals/Cat.cs(11,32): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/Animals/Cat.cs(12,29): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/Animals/Cat.cs(13,10): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/Animals/Cat.cs(14,25): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/Animals/Cat.cs(15,10): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/Animals/Cat.cs(16,6): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/Animals/Dog.cs(1,31): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/Animals/Dog.cs(2,2): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/Animals/Dog.cs(3,18): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/Animals/Dog.cs(4,11): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/Animals/Dog.cs(5,19): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/Animals/Dog.cs(6,38): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/Animals/Dog.cs(7,6): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/Animals/Dog.cs(8,22): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/Animals/Dog.cs(9,15): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/Animals/Dog.cs(10,23): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/Animals/Dog.cs(11,32): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/Animals/Dog.cs(12,29): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/Animals/Dog.cs(13,10): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/Animals/Dog.cs(14,25): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/Animals/Dog.cs(15,10): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/Animals/Dog.cs(16,6): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/IAnimal.cs(1,23): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/IAnimal.cs(2,2): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/IAnimal.cs(3,18): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/IAnimal.cs(4,13): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/IAnimal.cs(5,19): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/IAnimal.cs(6,29): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/IAnimal.cs(7,6): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/IAnimal.cs(8,22): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/IAnimal.cs(9,16): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/IAnimal.cs(10,23): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/IAnimal.cs(11,32): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/IAnimal.cs(12,23): Fix end of line marker. 1-src/Cake.Example/IAnimal.cs(13,6): Fix end of line marker. 2-test/Cake.Example.Tests/AnimalsTests/CatTest.cs(1,28): Fix end of line marker. 2-test/Cake.Example.Tests/AnimalsTests/CatTest.cs(2,13): Fix end of line marker. 2-test/Cake.Example.Tests/AnimalsTests/CatTest.cs(2,13): Fix end of line marker. 2-test/Cake.Example.Tests/AnimalsTests/CatTest.cs(4,42): Fix end of line marker. 2-test/Cake.Example.Tests/AnimalsTests/CatTest.cs(5,2): Fix end of line marker. 2-test/Cake.Example.Tests/AnimalsTests/CatTest.cs(6,32): Fix end of line marker. 2-test/Cake.Example.Tests/AnimalsTests/CatTest.cs(7,6): Fix end of line marker. 2-test/Cake.Example.Tests/AnimalsTests/CatTest.cs(8,15): Fix end of line marker. 2-test/Cake.Example.Tests/AnimalsTests/CatTest.cs(9,39): Fix end of line marker. 2-test/Cake.Example.Tests/AnimalsTests/CatTest.cs(10,10): Fix end of line marker. 2-test/Cake.Example.Tests/AnimalsTests/CatTest.cs(11,40): Fix end of line marker. 2-test/Cake.Example.Tests/AnimalsTests/CatTest.cs(11,40): Fix end of line marker. 2-test/Cake.Example.Tests/AnimalsTests/CatTest.cs(13,40): Fix end of line marker. 2-test/Cake.Example.Tests/AnimalsTests/CatTest.cs(13,40): Fix end of line marker. 2-test/Cake.Example.Tests/AnimalsTests/CatTest.cs(15,40): Fix end of line marker. 2-test/Cake.Example.Tests/AnimalsTests/CatTest.cs(16,10): Fix end of line marker. 2-test/Cake.Example.Tests/AnimalsTests/CatTest.cs(17,6): Fix end of line marker. 2-test/Cake.Example.Tests/AnimalsTests/DotTest.cs(1,28): Fix end of line marker. 2-test/Cake.Example.Tests/AnimalsTests/DotTest.cs(2,13): Fix end of line marker. 2-test/Cake.Example.Tests/AnimalsTests/DotTest.cs(2,13): Fix end of line marker. 2-test/Cake.Example.Tests/AnimalsTests/DotTest.cs(4,42): Fix end of line marker. 2-test/Cake.Example.Tests/AnimalsTests/DotTest.cs(5,2): Fix end of line marker. 2-test/Cake.Example.Tests/AnimalsTests/DotTest.cs(6,32): Fix end of line marker. 2-test/Cake.Example.Tests/AnimalsTests/DotTest.cs(7,6): Fix end of line marker. 2-test/Cake.Example.Tests/AnimalsTests/DotTest.cs(8,15): Fix end of line marker. 2-test/Cake.Example.Tests/AnimalsTests/DotTest.cs(9,39): Fix end of line marker. 2-test/Cake.Example.Tests/AnimalsTests/DotTest.cs(10,10): Fix end of line marker. 2-test/Cake.Example.Tests/AnimalsTests/DotTest.cs(11,40): Fix end of line marker. 2-test/Cake.Example.Tests/AnimalsTests/DotTest.cs(11,40): Fix end of line marker. 2-test/Cake.Example.Tests/AnimalsTests/DotTest.cs(13,40): Fix end of line marker. 2-test/Cake.Example.Tests/AnimalsTests/DotTest.cs(13,40): Fix end of line marker. 2-test/Cake.Example.Tests/AnimalsTests/DotTest.cs(15,40): Fix end of line marker. 2-test/Cake.Example.Tests/AnimalsTests/DotTest.cs(16,10): Fix end of line marker. 2-test/Cake.Example.Tests/AnimalsTests/DotTest.cs(17,6): Fix end of line marker. Formatted code file 'Cat.cs'. Formatted code file 'Dog.cs'. Formatted code file 'IAnimal.cs'. Formatted code file 'CatTest.cs'. Formatted code file 'DotTest.cs'. Format complete in 3529ms.
dotnet-foramt支持的.editorconfig信息比较丰富，具体的参考 https://github.com/dotnet/format/wiki/Supported-.editorconfig-options 的说明，这里也贴一个我在使用的.editorconfig：
https://github.com/linianhui/code.guide/blob/master/csharp/.editorconfig
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