在MYSQL中,字段类型为FLOAT的字段,如果不指定FLOAT的长度和小数点位数,要根据FLOAT字段的值精确查找,结果会是空,这也是初学者经常会犯的一个错误。我们下来看一些例子:

CREATE TABLE `NewTable` (

`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT ,

`c1` float(3,2) NOT NULL ,

`c2` float NOT NULL ,

`c3` decimal(10,0) NOT NULL ,

`c4` decimal(3,2) NOT NULL ,

PRIMARY KEY (`id`)

)

ENGINE=InnoDB

DEFAULT CHARACTER SET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_general_ci

AUTO_INCREMENT=7

ROW_FORMAT=COMPACT

;

c2、c3字段都是没有设置长度、精度,采用默认值。(decimal默认长度是10,精度是0)然后,插入一些数据(0.92、1.1、1、0.01、0):

 

注意:c3字段类型是decimal,由于默认精度是0,所以插入的数据都转成了整型。

最后,我们测试一下查询。

1、c1、c4字段查询:

mysql> select * from test where c1=0.92;

+----+------+------+----+------+

| id | c1 | c2 | c3 | c4 |

+----+------+------+----+------+

| 1 | 0.92 | 0.92 | 1 | 0.92 |

+----+------+------+----+------+

1 row in set


mysql> select * from test where c1=1.1;

+----+-----+-----+----+-----+

| id | c1 | c2 | c3 | c4 |

+----+-----+-----+----+-----+

| 2 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1 | 1.1 |

+----+-----+-----+----+-----+

1 row in set


mysql> select * from test where c1=1;

+----+----+----+----+----+

| id | c1 | c2 | c3 | c4 |

+----+----+----+----+----+

| 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |

+----+----+----+----+----+

1 row in set


mysql> select * from test where c1=0.01;

+----+------+------+----+------+

| id | c1 | c2 | c3 | c4 |

+----+------+------+----+------+

| 4 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.01 |

+----+------+------+----+------+

1 row in set


mysql> select * from test where c1=0;

+----+----+----+----+----+

| id | c1 | c2 | c3 | c4 |

+----+----+----+----+----+

| 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |

+----+----+----+----+----+

1 row in set

c1字段是设置了长度、精度的float类型,所以可以精确查询。同样,对于设置了长度、精度的decimal类型的c4字段,也是可以精确查询的。

2、c2字段查询:

mysql> select * from test where c2=0.92;

Empty set


mysql> select * from test where c2=1.1;

Empty set


mysql> select * from test where c2=1;

+----+----+----+----+----+

| id | c1 | c2 | c3 | c4 |

+----+----+----+----+----+

| 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |

+----+----+----+----+----+

1 row in set


mysql> select * from test where c2=0.01;

Empty set


mysql> select * from test where c2=0;

+----+----+----+----+----+

| id | c1 | c2 | c3 | c4 |

+----+----+----+----+----+

| 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |

+----+----+----+----+----+

1 row in set

c2是没有设置精度的float字段,除了1、0之外,对于小数无法精确查询,原因是在 mysql 中float是浮点数,存储的时候是近似值,所以用精确查找无法匹配;但可以用like去匹配,也可以使用format、concat函数去查询。

1)使用format函数:

mysql> select * from test where format(c2,2)=0.92;

+----+------+------+----+------+

| id | c1 | c2 | c3 | c4 |

+----+------+------+----+------+

| 1 | 0.92 | 0.92 | 1 | 0.92 |

+----+------+------+----+------+

1 row in set


mysql> select * from test where format(c2,2)=0.01;

+----+------+------+----+------+

| id | c1 | c2 | c3 | c4 |

+----+------+------+----+------+

| 4 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.01 |

+----+------+------+----+------+

1 row in set


mysql> select * from test where format(c2,1)=1.1;

+----+-----+-----+----+-----+

| id | c1 | c2 | c3 | c4 |

+----+-----+-----+----+-----+

| 2 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1 | 1.1 |

+----+-----+-----+----+-----+

1 row in set


mysql> select * from test where format(c2,2)=1.1;

+----+-----+-----+----+-----+

| id | c1 | c2 | c3 | c4 |

+----+-----+-----+----+-----+

| 2 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1 | 1.1 |

+----+-----+-----+----+-----+

1 row in set


mysql> select * from test where format(c2,1)=0.01;

Empty set

这里我们可以得知,format函数第二个参数,可以大于小数点后面尾数,但是小于小数点后面尾数,也是查不出来的。

2)使用concat函数:

mysql> select * from test where concat(c2,'')='0.01';

+----+------+------+----+------+

| id | c1 | c2 | c3 | c4 |

+----+------+------+----+------+

| 4 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.01 |

+----+------+------+----+------+

1 row in set


mysql> select * from test where concat(c2,'')='0.92';

+----+------+------+----+------+

| id | c1 | c2 | c3 | c4 |

+----+------+------+----+------+

| 1 | 0.92 | 0.92 | 1 | 0.92 |

+----+------+------+----+------+

1 row in set


mysql> select * from test where concat(c2,'')='1.1';

+----+-----+-----+----+-----+

| id | c1 | c2 | c3 | c4 |

+----+-----+-----+----+-----+

| 2 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1 | 1.1 |

+----+-----+-----+----+-----+

1 row in set

通过concat函数将小数转成了字符串,可以做到精确查询。

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