今天在spring中使用事务时，遇到了这个问题，已启动tomcat就出错：


org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'diseasesQueryControl': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private org.ccnt.med.abservice.QueryService org.ccnt.med.control.DiseasesQueryControl.queryService; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'queryServiceImpl': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private org.ccnt.med.dao.TbDiseaseDao org.ccnt.med.servimpl.QueryServiceImpl.tbDiseaseDao; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Can not set org.ccnt.med.dao.TbDiseaseDao field org.ccnt.med.servimpl.QueryServiceImpl.tbDiseaseDao to $Proxy9     at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:285)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1074)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:517)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:456)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:291)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:222)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:288)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:190)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:580)     at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:895)     at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:425)     at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.createWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:276)     at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:197)     at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:47)     at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4791)     at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5285)     at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)     at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1559)     at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1549)     at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(Unknown Source)     at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(Unknown Source)     at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(Unknown Source)     at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source)     at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)


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在配置文件中加入proxy-target-class="true"


<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" proxy-target-class="true"/>


或者：


<aop:config proxy-target-class="true">


现在我的配置文件如下：


<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" proxy-target-class="true"/>     <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->     <bean         id="transactionManager"         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >         <property name="sessionFactory" >             <ref local="sessionFactory" />         </property>     </bean>     <!-- 配置哪些方法需要哪些事务 -->     <tx:advice         id="txadvice"         transaction-manager="transactionManager" >         <tx:attributes>             <tx:method                 name="create*"                 propagation="REQUIRED" />             <tx:method                 name="delete*"                 propagation="REQUIRED" />             <tx:method                 name="update*"                 propagation="REQUIRED" />             <tx:method name="read*"                 read-only="true"                 propagation="NOT_SUPPORTED"/>             <tx:method                 name="*"                 read-only="true" />         </tx:attributes>     </tx:advice>     <!-- pointcut切入点；advice，通知，即被织入的方法 。这儿是AOP-->     <aop:config proxy-target-class="true">         <aop:pointcut             id="managerMethods"             expression="execution (* org.ccnt.med.dao.TbTopicDao.*(..))" />         <aop:pointcut             id="managerMethods"             expression="execution (* org.ccnt.med.dao.TbDisTopicDao.*(..))" />         <aop:advisor             advice-ref="txadvice"             pointcut-ref="managerMethods" />     </aop:config>


解释：

AOP使用的动态代理可以针对接口，也可以针对类。java的动态代理只能针对接口。

在用Spring的AOP时，默认动态代理是针对接口的，而我用的是针对类的，所以要加上proxy-target-class="true"