一、获取系统时间函数
1.1 获取当前完整时间
select now();
david=# select now();
now
-------------------------------
2013-04-12 15:39:40.399711+08
(1 row)
david=#
current_timestamp 同 now() 函数等效。
david=# select current_timestamp;
now
-------------------------------
2013-04-12 15:40:22.398709+08
(1 row)
1.2 获取当前日期
select current_date;
david=# select current_date;
date
------------
2013-04-12
(1 row)
1.3 获取当前时间
select current_time;
david=# select current_time;
timetz
--------------------
15:43:31.101726+08
(1 row)
二、时间的计算
david=# select now();
now
-------------------------------
2013-04-12 15:47:13.244721+08
(1 row)
2.1 两年后
david=# select now() + interval '2 years';
?column?
-------------------------------
2015-04-12 15:49:03.168851+08
(1 row)
david=# select now() + interval '2 year';
?column?
-------------------------------
2015-04-12 15:49:12.378727+08
(1 row)
david=# select now() + interval '2 y';
?column?
------------------------------
2015-04-12 15:49:25.46986+08
(1 row)
david=# select now() + interval '2 Y';
?column?
-------------------------------
2015-04-12 15:49:28.410853+08
(1 row)
david=# select now() + interval '2Y';
?column?
-------------------------------
2015-04-12 15:49:31.122831+08
(1 row)
2.2 一个月后
david=# select now() + interval '1 month';
?column?
------------------------------
2013-05-12 15:51:22.24373+08
(1 row)
david=# select now() + interval 'one month';
ERROR: invalid input syntax for type interval: "one month"
LINE 1: select now() + interval 'one month'; ^
2.3 三周前
david=# select now() - interval '3 week';
?column?
-------------------------------
2013-03-22 16:00:04.203735+08
(1 row)
2.4 十分钟后
david=# select now() + '10 min';
?column?
-------------------------------
2013-04-12 16:12:47.445744+08
(1 row)
说明:
interval 可以不写,其值可以是:
2.5 计算两个时间差
使用 age(timestamp, timestamp)
david=# select age(now(), timestamp '1989-02-05');
age
----------------------------------------
years 2 mons 7 days 17:05:49.119848
(1 row)
david=# select age(timestamp '2007-09-15');
age
------------------------
years 6 mons 27 days
(1 row)
三、时间字段的截取
在开发过程中,经常要取日期的年,月,日,小时等值,PostgreSQL 提供一个非常便利的EXTRACT函数。
EXTRACT(field FROM source)
field 表示取的时间对象,source 表示取的日期来源,类型为 timestamp、time 或 interval。
3.1 取年份
david=# select extract(year from now());
date_part
![img]()
![img]()
![img]()