利用Gitlab钩子实现代码规范管控
- 1、前言
- 2、规范简介
- 3、Gitlab钩子简介
- 4、流程图
- 5、实施步骤
1、前言
在一个开发团队中通常会碰到这样一个问题,那就是很多人的代码不够规范,导致可读性差甚至引发一些bug,然后就会有人出来制定代码规范了,制定完了开始推行,可是一段时间后却发现没人提了,于是代码又开始逐渐不够规范起来。那我们要怎么解决这个难题呢?那就需要引入一套强制规范要求的机制了,如果代码不够规范就不准提交到仓库里去,这样就不会让规范慢慢失去味道了,而是会一直强制执行下去。这就是本文将会提到的,利用Gitlab钩子来实现代码规范管控,将不合规范的代码挡之门外!
2、规范简介
我这里有三类规范,前端代码规范、后端代码规范、提交备注规范。本文提到的前端代码规范只包含vue和js代码的规范,参考的是Eslint-standard;后端代码规范只包含java代码规范,参考的是阿里代码规约;提交备注规范顾名而思义,参考:https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/100773495。
3、Gitlab钩子简介
Gitlab除了有大家熟悉的Webhook之外,还有可以自定义编码的钩子,这种钩子又分为两类:服务端钩子和客户端钩子。服务端钩子,顾名思义就是运行在Gitlab服务器上的钩子,是在代码提交到服务器之时执行的。而客户端钩子就是在本地仓库的钩子,是在本地提交代码的时候来执行的。他们各自又分为很多小类,这里需要使用到的是服务端的pre-receive钩子和客户端的commit-msg钩子。详细请参考官方文档:https://www.git-scm.com/book/zh/v2/%E8%87%AA%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89-Git-Git-%E9%92%A9%E5%AD%90
4、流程图
5、实施步骤
- 准备工作
在gitlab服务器上安装jdk、nodejs。下载好阿里代码规范jar包p3c-pmd-2.0.0.jar,git地址:https://github.com/alibaba/p3c。git上只有源码,需要自己打成jar包,参考步骤:https://www.jianshu.com/p/b87ca8615c9c,打包比较麻烦,需要注意build.gradle里面的参数,也可以下载我做好的jar包,地址:p3c-pmd-2.0.0.jar。
附上gradle.build的配置文档:
/*
* This file was generated by the Gradle 'init' task.
*/
plugins {
id 'java'
id 'maven-publish'
}
repositories {
mavenLocal()
maven {
url = uri('https://oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/snapshots')
}
maven {
url = uri('https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/')
}
}
dependencies {
implementation 'net.sourceforge.pmd:pmd-java:6.15.0'
implementation 'net.sourceforge.pmd:pmd-vm:6.15.0'
implementation 'javax.annotation:javax.annotation-api:1.3.2'
testImplementation 'net.sourceforge.pmd:pmd-test:6.15.0'
}
group = 'com.alibaba.p3c'
version = '2.0.0'
description = 'p3c-pmd'
java.sourceCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
java {
withJavadocJar()
}
publishing {
publications {
maven(MavenPublication) {
from(components.java)
}
}
}
tasks.withType(JavaCompile) {
options.encoding = 'UTF-8'
}
jar {
from {
configurations.runtime.collect{zipTree(it)}
}
}
- 客户端钩子
脚本如下,需要拷贝到本地代码目录的.git/hook/commit-msg.sample,并且去掉.sample后缀,钩子就可以执行了。
#!/bin/sh
#
# An example hook script to check the commit log message.
# Called by "git commit" with one argument, the name of the file
# that has the commit message. The hook should exit with non-zero
# status after issuing an appropriate message if it wants to stop the
# commit. The hook is allowed to edit the commit message file.
#
# To enable this hook, rename this file to "commit-msg".
# Uncomment the below to add a Signed-off-by line to the message.
# Doing this in a hook is a bad idea in general, but the prepare-commit-msg
# hook is more suited to it.
#
# SOB=$(git var GIT_AUTHOR_IDENT | sed -n 's/^\(.*>\).*$/Signed-off-by: \1/p')
# grep -qs "^$SOB" "$1" || echo "$SOB" >> "$1"
# This example catches duplicate Signed-off-by lines.
# @author amzheng@deloitte.com.cn
# @date 2021-04-09
# @description 在提交时预检查备注信息是否符合规范,如不符合规范会被退回
echo 'commit-msg hook running...'
msg_file=$1
msg=`cat ${msg_file} | grep -v "^$"`
TYPE_LIST=(
'feat:' #新功能feature
'update:' #在feat内修改
'fix:' #修补bug
'docs:' #文档
'style:' #格式化,不影响代码运行的变动
'refactor:' #重构
'pref:' #性能优化
'test:' #增加测试
'chore:' #构建过程或辅助工具的变动
#'[ci skip]' #忽略校验
)
COMMIT_MESSAGE_MIN_LENGTH=10
declare -a regex_list
arrLen=${#TYPE_LIST[@]}
for ((i=0;i<$arrLen;i++)) do
regex_list[i]='^'${TYPE_LIST[i]}
done
regex_list[$arrLen+1]='^[ci skip]:'
#echo "reg_list=== "${regex_list[@]}
separator="|"
## 合并成一个完整的正则表达式
regex="$( printf "${separator}%s" "${regex_list[@]}" )"
#echo "type regex: "$regex
## 去除头部的 |
regex=${regex:${#separator}}
#echo "regex: "$regex
tips_msg="$( printf "${separator}%s" "${TYPE_LIST[@]}" )"
tips_msg=${tips_msg:${#separator}}
echo 'Start validate commit comment:'$msg
match=`echo $msg | grep -nE "(${regex})"`
#echo 'Match result: '$match
## 找到匹配说明是符合规范的
if [ "${match}" != "" ]; then
## 校验注释长度
msg_length=${#msg}
#echo "Msg length: ${msg_length}"
if [[ ${msg_length} -lt ${COMMIT_MESSAGE_MIN_LENGTH} ]]; then
echo -e "pre-commit Error: Commit message should be bigger than ${COMMIT_MESSAGE_MIN_LENGTH} and current commit message length: ${msg_length}"
exit 1
fi
## 其他操作
echo "commit-msg: Commit comments validate Success!"
else
echo -e "commit-msg Error: Commit comments message should be started with [${tips_msg}]..."
exit 1
fi
- 服务端钩子
脚本如下。需要把代码拷贝到:/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-shell/hooks目录下的pre-receive钩子中,这个目录是每个代码仓库共享的,相当于添加的是公共钩子,每个代码库的代码都会检测,如果需要只添加到某个库,可以把脚本放到仓库目录: /var/opt/gitlab/git-data/repositories/xxx/xxx.git/custom_hooks。
#!/bin/bash
##脚本提供功能:Commit提交的Message和代码规范是否符合统一规范
##分三个部分:
# 1.变量定义部分
# 2.校验部分:注释校验&代码分析
# 3.初始化入口
## 校验流程:
# 1.先做提交注释校验,校验的规则:是否已${TYPE_LIST}定义的开头,且内容长度是否大于 ${COMMIT_MESSAGE_MIN_LENGTH}
# 2.如果是master分之,修改了pom文件还会校验是否存在snapshot版本的jar
# 3.最后代码规范校验
## (单个项目校验)文件放置目录
# 1./var/opt/gitlab/git-data/repositories/@hashed/xx/xx/xx.git或者/var/opt/gitlab/git-data/repositories/${group}/${project_name}.git/
# 2.创建custom_hooks目录
# 3.在custom_hooks目录下创建pre-receive文件,并保持776可执行权限,且保持该文件权限:chown git:git pre-receive 以及阿里云的p3c-pmd的jar包权限
# 4.给chown -R git:git custom_hooks
# 5.官方文档说明:https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/administration/custom_hooks.html#setup
# @author amzheng@deloitte.com.cn
# @date 2021-04-09
# @description 在服务端接收提交文件时检查备注规范以及代码规范,如不符合规范会被退回
####### 初始化变量部分 #########
## 定义java_home变量 需要修改你配置的java_home
JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk/jdk1.8.0_191
## 是否开启commit message的校验:0是,1否
CHECK_COMMIT_MESSAGE_ON=0
## 是否开启代码检查:0是,1否
CHECK_CODE_RULE_ON=0
## 是否校验master上的pom文件是否包含snapshot:0是,1否
CHECK_MASTER_POM_SNAPSHOT_ON=1
## 注释内容最小长度,默认20
COMMIT_MESSAGE_MIN_LENGTH=20
### 代码校验规则:0使用阿里云P3C规则,1使用checkStyle
CODE_RULE_TYPE=0
## 定义提交开头类型字符规则
## e.g: fix:测试提交bug修复,Bug编号#12
TYPE_LIST=(
'feat:' #新功能feature
'update:' #在feat内修改
'fix:' #修补bug
'docs:' #文档
'style:' #格式化,不影响代码运行的变动
'refactor:' #重构
'pref:' #性能优化
'test:' #增加测试
'chore:' #构建过程或辅助工具的变动
#'[ci skip]' #忽略校验
)
## 获取当前路径
BASE_PATH=$(cd `dirname $0`; pwd)
#echo 'BASE_PATH: '$BASE_PATH
#定义和组装校验规则
declare -a regex_list
arrLen=${#TYPE_LIST[@]}
for ((i=0;i<$arrLen;i++)) do
regex_list[i]='^'${TYPE_LIST[i]}
done
regex_list[$arrLen+1]='^[ci skip]:'
#echo "reg_list=== "${regex_list[@]}
separator="|"
## 合并成一个完整的正则表达式
regex="$( printf "${separator}%s" "${regex_list[@]}" )"
#echo "type regex: "$regex
## 去除头部的 |
regex=${regex:${#separator}}
#echo "regex: "$regex
## 定义注释出错提示信息
tips_msg="$( printf "${separator}%s" "${TYPE_LIST[@]}" )"
tips_msg=${tips_msg:${#separator}}
####### 初始化变量部分 #########
####### 校验部分:注释校验&代码分析###########
## 校验commit message
validate_commit_message()
{
oldrev=$(git rev-parse $1)
newrev=$(git rev-parse $2)
refname="$3"
#echo 'Old version: '$oldrev
#echo 'New version: '$newrev
#echo 'Branch: '$refname
## git 命令
#GITCMD="git"
## 按时间倒序列出 commit 找出两个版本之间差异的版本号集合 oldrev~newrev
commitList=`git rev-list $oldrev..$newrev`
#echo 'commitList: '$commitList
split=($commitList)
#echo 'split: '$split
# 遍历数组
for s in ${split[@]}
do
#echo “$s”
#通过版本号获取仓库中对象实体的类型、大小和内容的信息
#比如提交人、作者、邮件、提交时间、提交内容等
currentContent=`git cat-file commit $s`
#echo 'Commit obj: '$currentContent
#获取提交内容
msg=`git cat-file commit $s | sed '1,/^$/d'`
echo 'msg: '$msg
## merge合并分之直接放行
if [[ $msg == *"Merge branch"* ]]; then
echo "Merge branch...skip the checking"
else
## 做内容校验
match=`echo $msg | grep -nE "(${regex})"`
#echo 'Match result: '$match
## 找到匹配说明是符合规范的
if [ "${match}" != "" ]; then
## 校验注释长度
msg_length=${#msg}
#echo "Msg length: ${msg_length}"
if [[ ${msg_length} -lt ${COMMIT_MESSAGE_MIN_LENGTH} ]]; then
echo -e "Error: Commit message should be bigger than ${COMMIT_MESSAGE_MIN_LENGTH} and current commit message length: ${msg_length}"
exit 1
fi
### 找到匹配内容做相应处理,如fix ,校验pom文件等
#if [[ "${match}" =~ "fix:" ]]; then
## 如果是修补bug,规范有点获取到fix中的ID,然后调用禅道对外的API关闭,其他场景类似
#fi
# 是否开启校验和master分之
isMaster=$(echo $refname | grep "master$")
if [ $CHECK_MASTER_POM_SNAPSHOT_ON == 0 ] && [ -n "$isMaster" ]; then
# 如果是master分之,并且pom文件发生了变更,判断pom文件是否含有sonapshot的引用
pomfile=`git diff --name-only ${oldrev} ${newrev} | grep -e "pom\.xml"`
if [[ "${pomfile}" != "" ]]; then
#echo $pomfile
## 获取pom文件更新的内容
pomcontent=`git show $newrev:$pomfile`
#echo $pomcontent
## 校验pom文件是否包含snapshot版本
if [[ $pomcontent =~ 'SNAPSHOT' ]]; then
echo -e "Error: Snapshot version cannot exist in master branch!"
exit 1
fi
fi
fi
## 其他操作
echo "Commit comments validate Success!"
else
echo -e "Error: Commit comments message should be started with [${tips_msg}]..."
exit 1
fi
fi
done
}
## 代码校验
validate_code_rules()
{
echo 'Start code analysis!'
oldrev=$(git rev-parse $1)
newrev=$(git rev-parse $2)
refname="$3"
#echo 'Old version: '$oldrev
#echo 'New version: '$newrev
#echo 'Branch: '$refname
TEMPDIR=$BASE_PATH/"tmp"
FILES=`git diff --name-only ${oldrev} ${newrev} | grep -e "\.java$"`
if [ -n "$FILES" ]; then
for FILE in ${FILES}; do
mkdir -p "${TEMPDIR}/`dirname ${FILE}`" >/dev/null
git show $newrev:$FILE > ${TEMPDIR}/${FILE}
done;
MAIN_JAVA_PATH=$TEMPDIR'/src/main'
#echo 'Temp update files path: '$MAIN_JAVA_PATH
#FILES_TO_CHECK=`find $MAIN_JAVA_PATH -name '*.java'`
#echo 'Check files:'${FILES_TO_CHECK}
echo 'Aliyun p3c-pmd check starting.....'
#echo 'Current shell Path:' $BASE_PATH
#echo 'JAVA_HOME:' $JAVA_HOME
#echo 'Root directory for java sources: '$MAIN_JAVA_PATH
if [[ $CODE_RULE_TYPE == 0 ]]; then
## 需要阿里云P3C的插件包p3c-pmd-2.0.0.jar与该脚本在同级目录下
echo 'Code analysis for Aliyun-p3c..'
#$JAVA_HOME/bin/java -Dpmd.language=en -cp $BASE_PATH/p3c-pmd-2.0.0.jar net.sourceforge.pmd.PMD -d $MAIN_JAVA_PATH -R rulesets/java/ali-comment.xml,rulesets/java/ali-concurrent.xml,rulesets/java/ali-constant.xml,rulesets/java/ali-exception.xml,rulesets/java/ali-flowcontrol.xml,rulesets/java/ali-naming.xml,rulesets/java/ali-oop.xml,rulesets/java/ali-orm.xml,rulesets/java/ali-other.xml,rulesets/java/ali-set.xml -f text
$JAVA_HOME/bin/java -Dpmd.language=en -cp $BASE_PATH/p3c-pmd-2.0.0.jar net.sourceforge.pmd.PMD -d $TEMPDIR -R rulesets/java/ali-comment.xml,rulesets/java/ali-concurrent.xml,rulesets/java/ali-constant.xml,rulesets/java/ali-exception.xml,rulesets/java/ali-flowcontrol.xml,rulesets/java/ali-naming.xml,rulesets/java/ali-oop.xml,rulesets/java/ali-other.xml,rulesets/java/ali-set.xml -f text
RESULT=$?
#echo $RESULT
if [ $RESULT -gt 0 ]; then
rm -rf $TEMPDIR
exit 1;
fi
elif [[ $CODE_RULE_TYPE == 1 ]]; then
## 需要CheckStyle插件包checkstyle-8.16-all与该脚本在同级目录下,并且需要对应的CheckStyle.xml模板文件e.g:Cheetah_Checkstyle_ruleset.xml
echo 'Code analysis for CheckStyle..'
CHECK_RESULT=`$JAVA_HOME/bin/java -jar $BASE_PATH/checkstyle-8.16-all.jar -c $BASE_PATH/Cheetah_Checkstyle_ruleset.xml $MAIN_JAVA_PATH`
echo 'Check_style check result:'
#echo $CHECK_RESULT
if [[ $CHECK_RESULT =~ "[WARN]" ]]; then
echo $CHECK_RESULT | sed 's/\[WARN\]/\n/g'
rm -rf $TEMPDIR
exit 1
fi
else
## 不支持的检查操作
echo "Unsupported code validation rule,Please contact the administrator to check the configuration of [CODE_RULE_TYPE] in pre-receive script!"
rm -rf $TEMPDIR
exit 1
fi
echo 'Code analysis success!'
else
echo 'No java code, analysis end!'
fi
FRONT_FILES=`git diff --name-only ${oldrev} ${newrev} | grep -e "\.vue\|\.js$"`
echo 'Start analysis vue & js code...'
if [ -n "$FRONT_FILES" ];then
PASS=true
for FILE in $FRONT_FILES; do
mkdir -p "${TEMPDIR}/`dirname ${FILE}`" >/dev/null
git show $newrev:$FILE > ${TEMPDIR}/${FILE}
done;
eslint $TEMPDIR/**/*.vue
eslint $TEMPDIR/**/*.js
check_result=`eslint $TEMPDIR/**/*.vue`
if [ ${#check_result[*]} -gt 0 ]; then
echo "vue & js code analysis failed!"
rm -rf $TEMPDIR
exit 1
fi
check_result=`eslint $TEMPDIR/**/*.js`
if [ ${#check_result[*]} -gt 0 ]; then
echo "vue & js code analysis failed!"
rm -rf $TEMPDIR
exit 1
fi
echo "vue & js code analysis success!"
else
echo 'No vue & js code, analysis end!'
fi
rm -rf $TEMPDIR
}
####### 校验部分:注释校验&代码分析###########
####### 执行入口###########
pre_receive()
{
#commit message 校验
if [[ $CHECK_COMMIT_MESSAGE_ON == 0 ]]; then
validate_commit_message $1 $2 $3
fi
#代码规则检查
if [[ $CHECK_CODE_RULE_ON == 0 ]]; then
validate_code_rules $1 $2 $3
fi
}
# update hook触发会带参数执行if逻辑
# hooks脚本触发无参数执行else逻辑
if [ -n "$1" -a -n "$2" -a -n "$3" ]; then
# Output to the terminal in command line mode - if someone wanted to
# resend an email; they could redirect the output to sendmail
# themselves
pre_receive $2 $3 $1
#echo $1'+'$2'+'$3
else
while read oldrev newrev refname
do
pre_receive $oldrev $newrev $refname
#echo $oldrev' '$newrev' '$refname
done
fi
####### 执行入口###########
exit 0
- Eslint配置文件:.eslintrc.js
module.exports = {
root: true,
parserOptions: {
parser: 'babel-eslint'
},
env: {
browser: true,
},
extends: [
// https://github.com/vuejs/eslint-plugin-vue#priority-a-essential-error-prevention
// consider switching to `plugin:vue/strongly-recommended` or `plugin:vue/recommended` for stricter rules.
'plugin:vue/essential',
// https://github.com/standard/standard/blob/master/docs/RULES-en.md
'standard'
],
// required to lint *.vue files
plugins: [
'html'
],
// add your custom rules here
rules: {
// allow async-await
'generator-star-spacing': 'off',
// allow debugger during development
'no-debugger': process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production' ? 'error' : 'off',
'no-console': 2,
// js语句结尾必须使用 ;
// 'semi': ['off', 'always'],
'semi': ['error', 'always'],
// 三等号
'eqeqeq': 0,
// 强制在注释中 // 或 /* 使用一致的空格
'spaced-comment': 0,
// 关键字后面使用一致的空格
'keyword-spacing': 0,
// 强制在 function的左括号之前使用一致的空格
'space-before-function-paren': 0,
// 引号类型
"quotes": [0, "single"],
"vue/no-parsing-error": [2, { "x-invalid-end-tag": false }]
}
}
- 拷贝完后需要执行以下命令:
在/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-shell/hooks
目录下添加pre-receive、p3c-pmd-2.0.0.jar、.eslintrc.js,并赋予执行权限:chmode –R 777
在/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-shell/hooks目录下执行如下命令:
npm install -g eslint-plugin-vue
npm install eslint-plugin-vue@latest --save-dev
npm install vue@latest --save-dev
npm install eslint@latest --save-dev
npm install eslint-config-standard@latest --save-dev
npm install eslint-plugin-html@latest --save-dev
npm install eslint-plugin-import@latest --save-dev
npm install eslint-plugin-node@latest --save-dev
npm install eslint-plugin-promise@latest --save-dev
npm install eslint babel-eslint --save-dev
在/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-shell/hooks目录下新建临时目录tmp,执行如下命令:
chown git:git ./hooks
chown git:git tmp/
chown git:git tmp/*
- 大公告成,可以测试一下看看了。