交换机命令
[Quidway]dis cur ;显示当前配置
[Quidway]display current-configuration ;显示当前配置
[Quidway]display interfaces ;显示接口信息
[Quidway]display vlan all ;显示路由信息
[Quidway]display version ;显示版本信息
[Quidway]super password ;修改特权用户密码
[Quidway]sysname ;交换机命名
[Quidway]interface ethernet 0/1 ;进入接口视图
[Quidway]interface vlan x ;进入接口视图
[Quidway-Vlan-interfacex]ip address 10.65.1.1 255.255.0.0 ;配置VLAN的IP地址
[Quidway]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.65.1.2 ;默认路由=网关
[Quidway]rip ;三层交换支持
[Quidway]local-user ftp
[Quidway]user-interface vty 0 4 ;进入虚拟终端
[S3026-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode password ;设置口令模式
[S3026-ui-vty0-4]set authentication-mode password simple 555 设置口令
[S3026-ui-vty0-4]user privilege level 3 用户级别
[Quidway]interface ethernet 0/1 ;进入端口模式
[Quidway]int e0/1 ;进入端口模式
[Quidway-Ethernet0/1]duplex {half|full|auto} ;配置端口工作状态
[Quidway-Ethernet0/1]speed {10|100|auto} ;配置端口工作速率
[Quidway-Ethernet0/1]flow-control ;配置端口流控
[Quidway-Ethernet0/1]mdi {across|auto|normal} ;配置端口平接扭接
[Quidway-Ethernet0/1]port link-type {trunk|access|hybrid} ;设置端口工作模式
[Quidway-Ethernet0/1]port access vlan 3 ;当前端口加入到VLAN
[Quidway-Ethernet0/2]port trunk permit vlan {ID|All} ;设trunk允许的VLAN
[Quidway-Ethernet0/3]port trunk pvid vlan 3 ;设置trunk端口的PVID
[Quidway-Ethernet0/1]undo shutdown ;激活端口
[Quidway-Ethernet0/1]shutdown ;关闭端口
[Quidway-Ethernet0/1]quit ;返回
[Quidway]vlan 3 ;创建VLAN
[Quidway-vlan3]port ethernet 0/1 ;在VLAN中增加端口
[Quidway-vlan3]port e0/1 ;简写方式
[Quidway-vlan3]port ethernet 0/1 to ethernet 0/4 ;在VLAN中增加端口
[Quidway-vlan3]port e0/1 to e0/4 ;简写方式
[Quidway]monitor-port <interface_type interface_num> ;指定镜像端口
[Quidway]port mirror <interface_type interface_num> ;指定被镜像端口
[Quidway]port mirror int_list observing-port int_type int_num ;指定镜像和被镜像
[Quidway]description string ;指定VLAN描述字符
[Quidway]description 删除VLAN描述字符
[Quidway]display vlan [vlan_id] ;查看VLAN设置
[Quidway]stp {enable|disable} ;设置生成树,默认关闭
[Quidway]stp priority 4096 ;设置交换机的优先级
[Quidway]stp root {primary|secondary} ;设置为根或根的备份
[Quidway-Ethernet0/1]stp cost 200 ;设置交换机端口的花费
[Quidway]link-aggregation e0/1 to e0/4 ingress|both ; 端口的聚合
[Quidway]undo link-aggregation e0/1|all ; 始端口为通道号
[SwitchA-vlanx]isolate-user-vlan enable ;设置主vlan
[SwitchA]isolate-user-vlan <x> secondary <list> ;设置主vlan包括的子vlan
[Quidway-Ethernet0/2]port hybrid pvid vlan <id> ;设置vlan的pvid
[Quidway-Ethernet0/2]port hybrid pvid ;删除vlan的pvid
[Quidway-Ethernet0/2]port hybrid vlan vlan_id_list untagged ;设置无标识的vlan
如果包的vlan id与PVId一致,则去掉vlan信息. 默认PVID=1。
所以设置PVID为所属vlan id, 设置可以互通的vlan为untagged.
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路由器命令
[Quidway]display version ;显示版本信息 [Quidway]display current-configuration ;显示当前配置 [Quidway]display interfaces ;显示接口信息 [Quidway]display ip route ;显示路由信息
[Quidway]sysname aabbcc ;更改主机名 [Quidway]super passwrod 123456 ;设置口令 [Quidway]interface serial0 ;进入接口 [Quidway-serial0]ip address <ip> <mask|mask_len> ;配置端口IP地址 [Quidway-serial0]undo shutdown ;激活端口 [Quidway]link-protocol hdlc ;绑定hdlc协议 [Quidway]user-interface vty 0 4 [Quidway-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode password [Quidway-ui-vty0-4]set authentication-mode password simple 222 [Quidway-ui-vty0-4]user privilege level 3 [Quidway-ui-vty0-4]quit
[Quidway]debugging hdlc all serial0 ;显示所有信息 [Quidway]debugging hdlc event serial0 ;调试事件信息 [Quidway]debugging hdlc packet serial0 ;显示包的信息
静态路由: [Quidway]ip route-static <ip><mask>{interface number|nexthop}[value][reject|blackhole] 例如: [Quidway]ip route-static 129.1.0.0 16 10.0.0.2 [Quidway]ip route-static 129.1.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.0.0.2 [Quidway]ip route-static 129.1.0.0 16 Serial 2 [Quidway]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.0.2
动态路由: [Quidway]rip ;设置动态路由 [Quidway]rip work ;设置工作允许 [Quidway]rip input ;设置入口允许 [Quidway]rip output ;设置出口允许 [Quidway-rip]network 1.0.0.0 ;设置交换路由网络 [Quidway-rip]network all ;设置与所有网络交换 [Quidway-rip]peer ip-address ; [Quidway-rip]summary ;路由聚合 [Quidway]rip version 1 ;设置工作在版本1 [Quidway]rip version 2 multicast ;设版本2,多播方式 [Quidway-Ethernet0]rip split-horizon ;水平分隔
[Quidway]router id A.B.C.D ;配置路由器的ID [Quidway]ospf enable ;启动OSPF协议 [Quidway-ospf]import-route direct ;引入直联路由 [Quidway-Serial0]ospf enable area <area_id> ;配置OSPF区域
标准访问列表命令格式如下: acl <acl-number> [match-order config|auto] ;默认前者顺序匹配。 rule [normal|special]{permit|deny} [source source-addr source-wildcard|any] 例: [Quidway]acl 10 [Quidway-acl-10]rule normal permit source 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 [Quidway-acl-10]rule normal deny source any
扩展访问控制列表配置命令 配置TCP/UDP协议的扩展访问列表: rule {normal|special}{permit|deny}{tcp|udp}source {<ip wild>|any}destination <ip wild>|any} [operate]
配置ICMP协议的扩展访问列表: rule {normal|special}{permit|deny}icmp source {<ip wild>|any]destination {<ip wild>|any] [icmp-code] [logging]
扩展访问控制列表操作符的含义 equal portnumber ;等于 greater-than portnumber ;大于 less-than portnumber ;小于 not-equal portnumber ;不等 range portnumber1 portnumber2 ;区间
扩展访问控制列表举例 [Quidway]acl 101 [Quidway-acl-101]rule deny souce any destination any [Quidway-acl-101]rule permit icmp source any destination any icmp-type echo [Quidway-acl-101]rule permit icmp source any destination any icmp-type echo-reply
[Quidway]acl 102 [Quidway-acl-102]rule permit ip source 10.0.0.1 0.0.0.0 destination 202.0.0.1 0.0.0.0 [Quidway-acl-102]rule deny ip source any destination any
[Quidway]acl 103 [Quidway-acl-103]rule permit tcp source any destination 10.0.0.1 0.0.0.0 destination-port equal ftp [Quidway-acl-103]rule permit tcp source any destination 10.0.0.2 0.0.0.0 destination-port equal www
[Quidway]firewall enable [Quidway]firewall default permit|deny [Quidway]int e0 [Quidway-Ethernet0]firewall packet-filter 101 inbound|outbound
地址转换配置举例 [Quidway]firewall enable [Quidway]firewall default permit [Quidway]acl 101 ;内部指定主机可以进入e0 [Quidway-acl-101]rule deny ip source any destination any [Quidway-acl-101]rule permit ip source 129.38.1.1 0 destination any [Quidway-acl-101]rule permit ip source 129.38.1.2 0 destination any [Quidway-acl-101]rule permit ip source 129.38.1.3 0 destination any [Quidway-acl-101]rule permit ip source 129.38.1.4 0 destination any [Quidway-acl-101]quit [Quidway]int e0 [Quidway-Ethernet0]firewall packet-filter 101 inbound
[Quidway]acl 102 ;外部特定主机和大于1024端口的数据包允许进入S0 [Quidway-acl-102]rule deny ip source any destination any [Quidway-acl-102]rule permit tcp source 202.39.2.3 0 destination 202.38.160.1 0 [Quidway-acl-102]rule permit tcp source any destination 202.38.160.1 0 destination-port great-than 1024 [Quidway-acl-102]quit [Quidway]int s0 [Quidway-Serial0]firewall packet-filter 102 inbound ;设202.38.160.1是路由器出口IP。
[Quidway-Serial0]nat outbound 101 interface ;是Easy ip,将acl 101允许的IP从本接口出时变换源地址。
内部服务器地址转换配置命令(静态nat): nat server global <ip> [port] inside <ip> port [protocol] ;global_port不写时使用inside_port [Quidway-Serial0]nat server global 202.38.160.1 inside 129.38.1.1 ftp tcp [Quidway-Serial0]nat server global 202.38.160.1 inside 129.38.1.2 telnet tcp [Quidway-Serial0]nat server global 202.38.160.1 inside 129.38.1.3 www tcp
设有公网IP:202.38.160.101~202.38.160.103 可以使用。 ;对外访问(原例题) [Quidway]nat address-group 202.38.160.101 202.38.160.103 pool1 ;建立地址池 [Quidway]acl 1 [Quidway-acl-1]rule permit source 10.110.10.0 0.0.0.255 ;指定允许的内部网络 [Quidway-acl-1]rule deny source any [Quidway-acl-1]int serial 0 [Quidway-Serial0]nat outbound 1 address-group pool1 ;在s0口从地址池取出IP对外访问
[Quidway-Serial0]nat server global 202.38.160.101 inside 10.110.10.1 ftp tcp [Quidway-Serial0]nat server global 202.38.160.102 inside 10.110.10.2 www tcp [Quidway-Serial0]nat server global 202.38.160.102 8080 inside 10.110.10.3 www tcp [Quidway-Serial0]nat server global 202.38.160.103 inside 10.110.10.4 smtp udp
PPP设置: [Quidway-s0]link-protocol ppp ;默认的协议
PPP验证: 主验方:pap|chap [Quidway]local-user q2 password {simple|cipher} hello ;路由器1 [Quidway]interface serial 0 [Quidway-serial0]ppp authentication-mode {pap|chap} [Quidway-serial0]ppp chap user q1 ;pap时,没有此句
pap被验方: [Quidway]interface serial 0 ;路由器2 [Quidway-serial0]ppp pap local-user q2 password {simple|cipher} hello
chap被验方: [Quidway]interface serial 0 ;路由器2 [Quidway-serial0]ppp chap user q2 ;自己路由器名 [Quidway-serial0]local-user q1 password {simple|cipher} hello ;对方路由器名
帧中继frame-relay (二分册6-61) [q1]fr switching [q1]int s1 [q1-Serial1]ip address 192.168.34.51 255.255.255.0 [q1-Serial1]link-protocol fr ;封装帧中继协议 [q1-Serial1]fr interface-type dce [q1-Serial1]fr dlci 100 [q1-Serial1]fr inarp [q1-Serial1]fr map ip 192.168.34.52 dlci 100
[q2]int s1 [q2-Serial1]ip address 192.168.34.52 255.255.255.0 [q2-Serial1]link-protocol fr [q2-Serial1]fr interface-type dte [q2-Serial1]fr dlci 100 [q2-Serial1]fr inarp [q2-Serial1]fr map ip 192.168.34.51 dlci 100
帧中继监测 [q1]display fr lmi-info[]interface type number] [q1]display fr map [q1]display fr pvc-info[serial interface-number][dlci dlci-number] [q1]display fr dlci-switch [q1]display fr interface [q1]reset fr inarp-info [q1]debugging fr all[interface type number] [q1]debugging fr arp[interface type number] [q1]debugging fr event[interface type number] [q1]debugging fr lmi[interface type number]
启动ftp服务: [Quidway]local-user ftp password {simple|cipher} aaa service-type ftp [Quidway]ftp server enable
---------------------------------------- 使用4台PC(pc多和少,华为路由器交换机原理是一样的,所以这里我只用了4台pc),华为路由器(R2621)、交换机(S3026e)各一台,组建一VLAN,实现虚拟网和物理网之间的连接。实现防火墙策略,和访问控制(ACL)。
华为路由器交换机VLAN配置方案说明:四台PC的IP地址、掩码如下列表: P1 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0网关IP为192.168.1.5 P2 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0网关IP为192.168.1.5 P3 192.168.1.3 255.255.255.0网关IP为192.168.1.6 P4 192.168.1.4 255.255.255.0网关IP为192.168.1.6 路由器上Ethernet0的IP为192.168.1.5 Ethernet1的IP为192.168.1.6 firewall设置默认为deny
华为路由器交换机VLAN配置实施命令列表: 交换机上设置,划分VLAN: sys //切换到系统视图 [Quidway]vlanenable [Quidway]vlan2 [Quidway-vlan2]port e0/1toe0/8 [Quidway-vlan2]quit //默认所有端口都属于VLAN1,指定交换机的e0/1到e0/8八个端口属于VLAN2 [Quidway]vlan3 [Quidway-vlan3]port e0/9toe0/16 [Quidway-vlan3]quit //指定交换机的e0/9到e0/16八个端口属于VLAN3 [Quidway]disvlanall [Quidway]discu
华为路由器交换机VLAN设置,实现访问控制: [Router]interface ethernet0 [Router-Ethernet0]ip address 192.168.1.5 255.255.255.0 [Router-Ethernet0]quit //指定ethernet0的ip [Router]interface ethernet1 [Router-Ethernet1]ip address192.168.1.6 255.255.255.0 [Router-Ethernet1]quit //开启firewall,并将默认华为路由器交换机设置为deny [Router]fireenable [Router]firedefaultdeny //允许192.168.1.1访问192.168.1.3 //firewall策略可根据需要再进行添加 [Router]acl101 [Router-acl-101]rulepermitipsource192.168.1.1255.255.255.0destination192.168.1.3255.255.255.0 [Router-acl-101]quit //启用101规则