一、编辑httpClient.properties配置文件
#最大连接数
http.maxTotal=1000
#并发数
http.defaultMaxPerRoute=20
#创建连接的最长时间
http.connectTimeout=5000
#从连接池中获取到连接的最长时间
http.connectionRequestTimeout=500
#数据传输的最长时间
http.socketTimeout=5000
#提交请求前测试连接是否可用
http.staleConnectionCheckEnabled=true二、 编辑HttpClient的配置类
@Configuration
@PropertySource(value = "classpath:/properties/httpClient.properties")
public class HttpClientConfig {
@Value("${http.maxTotal}")
private Integer maxTotal; //最大连接数
@Value("${http.defaultMaxPerRoute}")
private Integer defaultMaxPerRoute; //最大并发链接数
@Value("${http.connectTimeout}")
private Integer connectTimeout; //创建链接的最大时间
@Value("${http.connectionRequestTimeout}")
private Integer connectionRequestTimeout; //链接获取超时时间
@Value("${http.socketTimeout}")
private Integer socketTimeout; //数据传输最长时间
@Value("${http.staleConnectionCheckEnabled}")
private boolean staleConnectionCheckEnabled; //提交时检查链接是否可用
//定义httpClient链接池
@Bean(name = "httpClientConnectionManager")
public PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager getPoolingHttpClientConnectionManager() {
PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager manager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager();
manager.setMaxTotal(maxTotal); //设定最大链接数
manager.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(defaultMaxPerRoute); //设定并发链接数
return manager;
}
//定义HttpClient
/**
* 实例化连接池，设置连接池管理器。
* 这里需要以参数形式注入上面实例化的连接池管理器
*
* @Qualifier 指定bean标签进行注入
*/
@Bean(name = "httpClientBuilder")
public HttpClientBuilder getHttpClientBuilder(@Qualifier("httpClientConnectionManager") PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager httpClientConnectionManager) {
//将池对象交给builder
//HttpClientBuilder中的构造方法被protected修饰，所以这里不能直接使用new来实例化一个HttpClientBuilder,可以使用HttpClientBuilder提供的静态方法create()来获取HttpClientBuilder对象
HttpClientBuilder httpClientBuilder = HttpClientBuilder.create();
httpClientBuilder.setConnectionManager(httpClientConnectionManager);
return httpClientBuilder;
}
/**
* 注入连接池，用于获取httpClient
*
* @param httpClientBuilder
* @return
*/
@Bean
public CloseableHttpClient getCloseableHttpClient(@Qualifier("httpClientBuilder") HttpClientBuilder httpClientBuilder) {
//利用builder对象动态获取链接对象
return httpClientBuilder.build();
}
/**
* Builder是RequestConfig的一个内部类
* 通过RequestConfig的custom方法来获取到一个Builder对象
* 设置builder的连接信息
*
* @return
*/
@Bean(name = "builder")
public RequestConfig.Builder getBuilder() {
RequestConfig.Builder builder = RequestConfig.custom();
return builder.setConnectTimeout(connectTimeout)
.setConnectionRequestTimeout(connectionRequestTimeout)
.setSocketTimeout(socketTimeout)
.setStaleConnectionCheckEnabled(staleConnectionCheckEnabled);
}
/**
* 使用builder构建一个RequestConfig对象
*
* @param builder
* @return
*/
@Bean
public RequestConfig getRequestConfig(@Qualifier("builder") RequestConfig.Builder builder) {
return builder.build();
}
}三、定义关闭链接操作
@Component //交给spring容器管理,定期将超时的链接关闭
public class HttpClientClose extends Thread {
@Autowired
private PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager manage;
private volatile boolean shutdown; //开关 volatitle表示多线程可变数据,一个线程修改,其他线程立即修改
public HttpClientClose() {
///System.out.println("执行构造方法,实例化对象");
//线程开启启动
this.start();
}
@Override
public void run() {
try {
//如果服务没有关闭,执行线程
while (!shutdown) {
synchronized (this) {
wait(5000); //等待5秒
//System.out.println("线程开始执行,关闭超时链接");
//关闭超时的链接
PoolStats stats = manage.getTotalStats();
int av = stats.getAvailable(); //获取可用的线程数量
int pend = stats.getPending(); //获取阻塞的线程数量
int lea = stats.getLeased(); //获取当前正在使用的链接数量
int max = stats.getMax();
//System.out.println("max/"+max+": av/"+av+": pend/"+pend+": lea/"+lea);
manage.closeExpiredConnections();
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
throw new RuntimeException();
}
super.run();
}
//关闭清理无效连接的线程
@PreDestroy //容器关闭时执行该方法.
public void shutdown() {
shutdown = true;
synchronized (this) {
//System.out.println("关闭全部链接!!");
notifyAll(); //全部从等待中唤醒.执行关闭操作;
}
}
}四、编辑HttpClient工具API
/**
* 需求:能否编辑一个HttpClientAPI,简化程序远程调用的过程
* 简化策略:
* 用户使用:传递参数
* 结果:远程访问的返回值
* 参数说明:
* arg0:url地址,arg1:Map<key,value> 封装参数,arg2:指定字符集编码
*/
@Service
public class HttpClientService {
@Autowired
private CloseableHttpClient httpClient;
@Autowired
private RequestConfig requestConfig;
public String doGet(String url, Map<String, String> params, String charset) {
String result = null;
//1.判断字符集编码是否为空 如果为空则给定默认值utf-8
if (StringUtils.isEmpty(charset)) {
charset = "UTF-8";
}
//2.判断用户是否需要传递参数
if (params != null) {
url += "?";//需要进行参数的拼接.将Map集合遍历,动态获取key=value
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {
String key = entry.getKey();
String value = entry.getValue();
url += key + "=" + value + "&";//拼接参数
}
url = url.substring(0, url.length() - 1);//去除多有的&符
}
//3.定义参数提交对象
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
//4.为请求设定超时时间
httpGet.setConfig(requestConfig);
//5.通过httpClient发送请求
try {
HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
//判断状态码是否正确
if(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()==200){
HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();
//注意字符集编码格式
result = EntityUtils.toString(entity,charset);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
throw new RuntimeException();
}
return result;
}
public String doGet(String url) {
return doGet(url, null, null);
}
public String doGet(String url, Map<String, String> params) {
return doGet(url, params, null);
}
public String doGet(String url, String charset) {
return doGet(url, null, charset);
}
//实现httpClient POST提交
public String doPost(String url, Map<String, String> params, String charset) {
String result = null;
//1.定义请求类型
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url);
post.setConfig(requestConfig); //定义超时时间
//2.判断字符集是否为null
if (StringUtils.isEmpty(charset)) {
charset = "UTF-8";
}
//3.判断用户是否传递参数
if (params != null) {
//3.2准备List集合信息
List<NameValuePair> parameters = new ArrayList<>();
//3.3将数据封装到List集合中
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {
parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));
}
//3.1模拟表单提交
try {
UrlEncodedFormEntity formEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(parameters, charset); //采用u8编码
//3.4将实体对象封装到请求对象中
post.setEntity(formEntity);
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//4.发送请求
try {
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(post);
//4.1判断返回值状态
if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
//4.2表示请求成功
result = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), charset);
} else {
System.out.println("获取状态码信息:" + response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
throw new RuntimeException();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
}
public String doPost(String url) {
return doPost(url, null, null);
}
public String doPost(String url, Map<String, String> params) {
return doPost(url, params, null);
}
public String doPost(String url, String charset) {
return doPost(url, null, charset);
}
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