python接口返回值打印 python接口返回状态码

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liutao988 2024-06-02 07:41:05

文章标签 python接口返回值打印 python matplotlib 信息可视化 Python 文章分类 Python 后端开发

参考：Python实战：通过微信小程序，获取Manner Coffee全国门店信息

数据接口是找到了，但是在用 Python 的 request 库爬取数据环节，调用接口报 400 错误，但是在 Reqable 上抓包是可以正常使用。

哎好奇怪。

import requests
import urllib3

# 屏蔽https的证书警告
urllib3.disable_warnings()

url = "https://triangle.wearemanner.com/mp-api/v1/areas/tree?isContainsCountry=false"
headers = {
  
    "Authorization": "",
    "User-Agent": "",
    "Device-OS": "Windows 10 x64",
    "Content-Type":"application/json",
}
response = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers, verify=False)
print(response.status_code)
print(response.text)

看代码没有什么问题，但是返回状态码 400。

今天查找资料，终于解决了问题。

请求的headers里的Content-type写法需要从"application/json"改为"json"，请求顺利有返回值了。

返回的状态码 200 也正常了，不报 400 错误了。

headers:{
    "Content-Type":"json"
}

分析接口

接口调通了，下面就可以直接调用小程序的接口，获取城市列表和门店列表了。

昨天的文章中获取到：

城市 url 为：https://triangle.wearemanner.com/mp-api/v1/areas/tree?isContainsCountry=false

门店 url 为https://triangle.wearemanner.com/mp-api/v1/shops?isCompact=true&areaCode=320200&level=4

门店 url 中只有areaCode是变化的参数，areaCode可以从城市的response中获取到，可以构造每个城市门店的 url。

获取城市列表

通过上面的分析，接口有了，爬虫代码公众号历史文章写过很多案例了，可以顺手捏来。

获取到城市列表，并保存为 excel 文件。代码如下：

import requests
import pandas as pd
import urllib3

# 屏蔽https的证书警告
urllib3.disable_warnings()

url = "https://triangle.wearemanner.com/mp-api/v1/areas/tree?isContainsCountry=false"

headers = {
    "Host": "triangle.wearemanner.com",
    "Connection": "keep-alive",
    "Client-Platform": "MP-WEIXIN",
    "user_no": "",
    "Client-Host-Language": "zh_CN",
    "Device-Brand": "microsoft",
    "Client-Host-Version": "3.9.9",
    "Encrypted-Type": "N",
    "Client-Version": "0.9.6",
    "Authorization": "",
    "User-Agent": "",
    "Device-OS": "Windows 10 x64",
    "Content-Type": "json",
    "server-api-version": "1",
    "Device-Model": "microsoft",
    "xweb_xhr": "1",
    "version": "0.1.5",
    "Accept": "*/*",
    "Sec-Fetch-Site": "cross-site",
    "Sec-Fetch-Mode": "cors",
    "Sec-Fetch-Dest": "empty",
    "Referer": "https://servicewechat.com/wx4328af055800c98e/120/page-frame.html",
    "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate, br",
    "Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9"
}

response = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers, verify=False)
print(response.status_code)
print(response.text)
response_json = response.json()
# time.sleep(3)
df = pd.json_normalize(response_json['data']['areas'], meta=['id', 'name', 'code', 'level', 'ab', 'py'],
                       record_path='areas', record_prefix='areas.', errors='ignore')

# 输出原始的列名
print(df.columns)
# 列重新排序
df = df.loc[:,
     ['id', 'name', 'code', 'level', 'areas.id', 'areas.name', 'areas.code', 'areas.level', 'areas.areas',
      'areas.py', 'areas.ab', 'ab', 'py']]
# 输出重新排序后的列
print(df.columns)
df.to_excel(f'manner coffee有门店的城市.xlsx', index=False)
print("保存成功！")

城市保存为 excel 文件，截图如下：

python接口返回值打印 python接口返回状态码_python

获取门店列表

有了上面的城市列表 excel 文件，就可以获取到areaCode参数，构造门店接口 url 了。同样的，爬虫代码实现顺手捏来。

获取每个城市的门店，保存为一个 excel 文件。全国的门店保存为一个总的 excel 文件。整合代码完美运行，完整代码如下：

import requests
import pandas as pd
import time
from tqdm import tqdm
import urllib3

# 屏蔽https的证书警告
urllib3.disable_warnings()


def get_shops(code, name):
    global all_shops
    areaCode = code
    url = f"https://triangle.wearemanner.com/mp-api/v1/shops?isCompact=true&areaCode={areaCode}&level=4"

    headers = {
        "Host": "triangle.wearemanner.com",
        "Connection": "keep-alive",
        "Client-Platform": "MP-WEIXIN",
        "user_no": "",
        "Client-Host-Language": "zh_CN",
        "Device-Brand": "microsoft",
        "Client-Host-Version": "3.9.9",
        "Encrypted-Type": "N",
        "Client-Version": "0.9.6",
        "Authorization": "",
        "User-Agent": "",
        "Device-OS": "Windows 10 x64",
        "Content-Type": "json",
        "server-api-version": "1",
        "Device-Model": "microsoft",
        "xweb_xhr": "1",
        "version": "0.1.5",
        "Accept": "*/*",
        "Sec-Fetch-Site": "cross-site",
        "Sec-Fetch-Mode": "cors",
        "Sec-Fetch-Dest": "empty",
        "Referer": "https://servicewechat.com/wx4328af055800c98e/120/page-frame.html",
        "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate, br",
        "Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9"
    }

    response = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers, verify=False)
    print(response.status_code)
    print(response.text)
    shop_json = response.json()
    shop_df = pd.json_normalize(shop_json['data'], errors='ignore')
    try:
        # 列重新排序
        shop_df = shop_df.loc[:, ['ac', 'i', 'n', 'a', 'te', 'lo', 'la', 'iw', 'bh', 'sl', 'f',
                                  'q.qc', 'q.mp', 'q.oc', 'q.mc', 'q.wt', 'ta']]
        # 部分列重命名
        shop_df = shop_df.rename(columns={'a': 'address',
                                          'te': 'telephone',
                                          'ac': 'area_code',
                                          'lo': 'lon',
                                          'la': 'lat',
                                          'n': 'name',
                                          'bh': 'business_hours',
                                          'iw': 'is_work', })
    except:
        pass
    all_shops = pd.concat([all_shops, shop_df])
    print(name, "城市有", shop_df.shape[0], "个门店，全国总计有", all_shops.shape[0], "个门店")
    shop_df.to_excel(f'manner coffee门店-{name}-{shop_df.shape[0]}个.xlsx', index=False)
    time.sleep(3)
    return all_shops


if __name__ == '__main__':
    all_shops = pd.DataFrame()
    city_df = pd.read_excel("manner coffee有门店的城市.xlsx")
    # mask标记'areas.name'等于'全部地区'的行
    mask = city_df['areas.name'] == '全部地区'
    # city_code_name筛选'areas.name'等于'全部地区的datafram
    city_code_name = city_df[mask]
    # tqdm显示进度条
    tqdm.pandas(desc='获取manner coffee门店进度条', unit="请求")
    # 调用函数，批量获取每个城市的门店，使用tqdm时，将pandas中apply操作替换为progress_apply,并且每个单独的progress_apply前要先执行tqdm.pandas()
    city_code_name.progress_apply(lambda x: get_shops(x['code'], x['name']), axis=1)

    print(f'获取到manner coffee{all_shops.shape[0]}个全国门店')
    all_shops.to_excel(f'manner coffee全国门店-{all_shops.shape[0]}个.xlsx', index=False)

pycharm 控制台输出如下，用时 3 分钟，通过 56 次请求，获取到全国 1109 个门店：

python接口返回值打印 python接口返回状态码_Python_02