通常来说,window.onload就够用了,如果想加载多个事件,我们可以采取以下方式:
window.onload = function(){
func1();
func2();
func3();
//更多加载事件………………
}
但是如果我们需要页面完全呈现前做一些东西呢,如通过脚本加载其他js文件,或在IE6实现fixed……这些东西就要用到domReady了,domReady好像是jQuery的叫做,一个加载函数。在W3C的草稿中,它其中是一种事件,名为 DOMContentLoaded。DOMContentLoaded事件比onload事件快许多,它是在DOM树建成之时就触发,而onload必须要等待页面所有元素的资源都下载完毕时才触发。在标准游览器中调用这个事件很简单的:
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(){
alert("DOM树建成了!")
}, false);
IE虽然有这么多私有事件,但却没有一个与它相同的,最接近的是readystatechange,加上其他乱七八糟的东西,我们还是能够模拟DOMContentLoaded的。
有时我们加载事件时,可能不是单是通过一个函数就加载完的。比如我要用window.onload加载一段代码,但我还通过JS文件加载一个开源插件,那个插件当它要处理DOM,还是需要等到DOM树完成之时,因此它可能也要搞一个window.onload块。这时页面拥有两个window.onload代码块,很显然,第二个会覆盖掉第一个。这时,我们就要用到loadEvent这样的多重加载函数了。
var loadEvent = function(fn) {
var oldonload = window.onload;
if (typeof window.onload != 'function') {
window.onload = fn;
}else {
window.onload = function() {
oldonload();
fn();
}
}
}
//*******************用法*******************
loadEvent(handler1);
loadEvent(handler2);
loadEvent(handler3);
在标准游览器中,因为有addEventListener,很轻松就实现DOMContentLoaded的多重加载,那IE怎么办?唯一的办法是,无论是addEventListener还是attachEvent都执行,把多个要加载的代码整合到一块,一次性执行。因此,我们需要一个数组。
window.DOMLoadEvents = [];
var addDOMLoadEvent = function(handler) {
window.DOMLoadEvents[window.DOMLoadEvents.length]=handler
}
addDOMLoadEvent(handler);
addDOMLoadEvent(handler);
addDOMLoadEvent(handler);
//更多加载事件
那么怎样执行它们,上面仅仅是添加事件,我们需要另一个函数,专门用来执行它的。
var fireContentLoadedEvent = function() {
if (arguments.callee.loaded) return;
//让此函数仅仅执行一次
arguments.callee.loaded = true;
var handlers = window.DOMLoadEvents,length = handlers.length;
for (var i=0; i<length; i++) {
var func = handlers[i];
func();//执行要在domReady运行的代码
}
}
那么我们要在什么时候执行上面的函数呢?我们仅讨论IE的情况。在IE中,任何DOM元素都有一个doScroll 方法,无论它们是否支持滚动条。为了判断DOM树是否建成,我们只看看documentElement是否完整就是,因为,它作为最外层的元素,作为DOM树的根部而存在,如果documentElement完整的话,就可以调用doScroll方法了。当页面一加载JS时,我们就执行此方法,当然要如果documentElement还不完整就会报错,我们在catch块中重新调用它,一直到成功执行,成功执行时就可以调用fireContentLoadedEvent 方法了。
参数 | 描述 |
scrollbarDown | Default. Down scroll arrow is at the specified location |
scrollbarHThumb | Horizontal scroll thumb or box is at the specified location |
scrollbarLeft | Left scroll arrow is at the specified location |
scrollbarPageDown | Page-down scroll bar shaft is at the specified location |
scrollbarPageLeft | Page-left scroll bar shaft is at the specified location |
scrollbarPageRight | Page-right scroll bar shaft is at the specified location |
scrollbarPageUp | Page-up scroll bar shaft is at the specified location |
scrollbarRight | Right scroll arrow is at the specified location |
scrollbarUp | Up scroll arrow is at the specified location |
scrollbarVThumb | Vertical scroll thumb or box is at the specified location |
down | Composite reference to scrollbarDown |
left | Composite reference to scrollbarLeft |
pageDown | Composite reference to scrollbarPageDown. |
pageLeft | Composite reference to scrollbarPageLeft. |
pageRight | Composite reference to scrollbarPageRight. |
pageUp | Composite reference to scrollbarPageUp. |
right | Composite reference to scrollbarRight. |
up | Composite reference to scrollbarUp. |
var pollDoScroll = function() {
try {
document.documentElement.doScroll('left');
}catch(e) {
setTimeout(arguments.callee, 10);
return;
}
fireContentLoadedEvent();
}
我们要页面加载JS立即执行此函数,是直接pollDoScroll()吗?!不要忘记,它只是应用于IE中,我们还要判定一下浏览器。如果支持addEventListener,也肯定支持DOMContentLoaded了(不考虑旧版本),否则就运行pollDoScroll函数。
if (document.addEventListener) {
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', fireContentLoadedEvent, false);
} else {
pollDoScroll();
}
完整的代码如下:
window.DOMLoadEvents = [];
var addDOMLoadEvent = function(handler) {
window.DOMLoadEvents[window.DOMLoadEvents.length]=handler
}
var fireContentLoadedEvent = function() {
if (arguments.callee.loaded) return;
//让此函数仅仅执行一次
arguments.callee.loaded = true;
var handlers = window.DOMLoadEvents,length = handlers.length;
for (var i=0; i<length; i++) {
var func = handlers[i];
func();//执行要在domReady运行的代码
}
}
var pollDoScroll = function() {
try {
document.documentElement.doScroll('left');
}catch(e) {
setTimeout(arguments.callee, 10);
return;
}
fireContentLoadedEvent();
}
if (document.addEventListener) {
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', fireContentLoadedEvent, false);
} else {
pollDoScroll();
}
<!doctype html> <html dir="ltr" lang="zh-CN"> <head id="head"> <meta charset="utf-8"/> <title>事件加载 by司徒正美</title> <script type="text/javascript"> window.DOMLoadEvents = []; var addDOMLoadEvent = function(handler) { window.DOMLoadEvents[window.DOMLoadEvents.length]=handler } var fireContentLoadedEvent = function() { if (arguments.callee.loaded) return; //让此函数仅仅执行一次 arguments.callee.loaded = true; var handlers = window.DOMLoadEvents,length = handlers.length; for (var i=0; i<length; i++) { var func = handlers[i]; func();//执行要在domReady运行的代码 } } var pollDoScroll = function() { try { document.documentElement.doScroll('left'); }catch(e) { setTimeout(arguments.callee, 1); return; } fireContentLoadedEvent(); }; if (document.addEventListener) { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', fireContentLoadedEvent, false); } else { pollDoScroll(); } addDOMLoadEvent(function(){ alert("赶在页面加载完成alert一下!") }); addDOMLoadEvent(function(){ alert("测试多重加载!") }); addDOMLoadEvent(function(){ alert("测试多重加载!") }); </script> </head> <body> <img src="" alt="图片1" /> <img src="" alt="图片2" /> <img src="" alt="图片3" /> <img src="" alt="图片4" /> <img src="" alt="图片5" /> <table cellspacing="0" width="700" rules="cols" > <col width="25%"></col> <col ></col> <thead> <tr> <th> 参数 </th> <th> 描述 </th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td> scrollbarDown </td> <td> Default. Down scroll arrow is at the specified location </td> </tr> <tr> <td> scrollbarHThumb </td> <td> Horizontal scroll thumb or box is at the specified location </td> </tr> <tr> <td> scrollbarLeft </td> <td> Left scroll arrow is at the specified location </td> </tr> <tr> <td> scrollbarPageDown </td> <td> Page-down scroll bar shaft is at the specified location </td> </tr> <tr> <td> scrollbarPageLeft </td> <td> Page-left scroll bar shaft is at the specified location </td> </tr> <tr> <td> scrollbarPageRight </td> <td> Page-right scroll bar shaft is at the specified location </td> </tr> <tr> <td> scrollbarPageUp </td> <td> Page-up scroll bar shaft is at the specified location </td> </tr> <tr> <td> scrollbarRight </td> <td> Right scroll arrow is at the specified location </td> </tr> <tr> <td> scrollbarUp </td> <td> Up scroll arrow is at the specified location </td> </tr> <tr> <td> scrollbarVThumb </td> <td> Vertical scroll thumb or box is at the specified location </td> </tr> <tr> <td> down </td> <td> Composite reference to scrollbarDown </td> </tr> <tr> <td> left </td> <td> Composite reference to scrollbarLeft </td> </tr> <tr> <td> pageDown </td> <td> Composite reference to scrollbarPageDown. </td> </tr> <tr> <td> pageLeft </td> <td> Composite reference to scrollbarPageLeft. </td> </tr> <tr> <td> pageRight </td> <td> Composite reference to scrollbarPageRight. </td> </tr> <tr> <td> pageUp </td> <td> Composite reference to scrollbarPageUp. </td> </tr> <tr> <td> right </td> <td> Composite reference to scrollbarRight. </td> </tr> <tr> <td> up </td> <td> Composite reference to scrollbarUp. </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>我们添加了些图片与表格延缓页面的加载速度</p> </body> </html>
运行代码