OutputStream 和 Writer

OutputStream类(直接操作byte数组)

该类是字节输出流的抽象类,定义了输出流的各种操作方法。如下图是OutputStream的层次结构:

JAVA如何传递byte数组 java将byte数组写入文件_数据

ByteArrayOutputStream:字节数组流,可以捕获内存缓冲区的数据,转换为字节数组。该类有两个构造方法:

new ByteArrayOutputStream();
new ByteArrayOutputStream(int size);    //size表示初始化字节数组缓冲区的大小
ByteArrayOutputStream bos = newByteArrayOutputStream();
bos.write('q');
bos.write('a'); //将字节写入该字符数组
bos.reset(); //重置该字节数组,即将如上写入的'q' 'a'字节清空
byte[] b = {'a','b','c','d','e','f','g','h','i','j','k','l','m','n'};
bos.write(b,1, 7); //从b数组的第一个下标连续写入长度为7个字符
try{
FileOutputStream fs= new FileOutputStream("SourceFile/employee");
bos.writeTo(fs);//将字符数组写入文档
fs.close();
bos.flush();
bos.close();
}catch(FileNotFoundException e) {//TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}catch(IOException e) {//TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
FileOutputStream:以字节流的方式将二进制数据或者字符数据输出到文件中,该类有5个构造方法,我们在代码中介绍了2和4的用法:
new FileOutputStream(File);
new FileOutputStream(FileDescriptor);    //FileDescriptor.out将内容输出到控制台
new FileOutputStream(String);              //String为文件路径
new FileOutputStream(File, boolean);     //boolean为true时,则不覆盖文件,在文件的末尾添加内容,false则覆盖文件
new FileOutputStream(String, boolean); //同上
try{
FileOutputStream fs1= newFileOutputStream(FileDescriptor.out);
FileOutputStream fs2= new FileOutputStream(new File("SourceFile/employee"), true); //在该文件的末尾添加内容
fs1.write("".getBytes()); //write()方法可以写入byte数组、int
fs1.close();
fs2.write("".getBytes());
fs2.flush();//清空缓存里的数据,并通知底层去进行实际的写操作
fs2.close();
}catch(FileNotFoundException e) {//TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}catch(IOException e) {//TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}

BufferedOutputStream是一个缓冲数据输出流接口,类中有一个byte数组,调用write()函数时,首先向这个数组中写入数据,然后当某些时刻(数组写满等)会将这些数组写入到流之中,该类有两个构造方法:

new BufferedOutputStream(OutputStream)
new BufferedOutputStream(OutputStream,int)   //int的值规定了byte数组的大小
try{
FileOutputStream fs= new FileOutputStream("SourceFile/employee");
BufferedOutputStream bos= newBufferedOutputStream(fs);
bos.write("".getBytes()); //write()方法可以写入byte数组、int
fs.close();
bos.flush();
bos.close();
}catch(FileNotFoundException e) {//TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}catch(IOException e) {//TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}

PrintStream可以方便的输出各种类型的数据,该类主要用于操作字节流,且该类的方法不抛出IOException。该类有8个构造方法:

new PrintStream(File);
new PrintStream(OutputStream);
new PrintStream(String);    //文件路径及名称
new PrintStream(File, String);   //String  编码格式
new PrintStream(OutputStream, boolean);   //是否自动刷新
new PrintStream(OutputStream, boolean, String);    //是否自动刷新、编码格式
new PrintStream(String, String);  //文件路径及名称、编码格式
Writer类(首先进行decode、encode)

该类是字符输出流的抽象类,定义了输出流的各种操作方法。如下图是Writer的层次结构:

JAVA如何传递byte数组 java将byte数组写入文件_构造方法_02

BufferedWriter通过创建缓冲数组,将写入内容先存入缓存,该类有2个构造函数:

new BufferedWriter(Writer)
new BufferedWriter(Writer, int)   //int大小为默认数组的大小
try{
BufferedWriter bw= new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("SourceFile/employee"));
bw.write("".toCharArray()); //写入char数组
bw.write(""); //写入String,还可以写入int
CharSequence csq = "p/5846592.html";
bw.append(csq,0, 34);
bw.close();
}catch(IOException e1) {//TODO Auto-generated catch block
e1.printStackTrace();
}
CharArrayWriter创建char缓冲数组,也有两个构造函数:
new CharArrayWriter();
new CharArrayWriter(int);
CharArrayWriter cw = new CharArrayWriter(5);for(Employee e : employees){try{
cw.write(e.getName());
cw.append(e.getSalary()+ "");
cw.write(e.getDate().toString()+ "\r\n");
FileWriter fw= new FileWriter("SourceFile/employee");
cw.writeTo(fw);
fw.close();
cw.close();
}catch(IOException e1) {//TODO Auto-generated catch block
e1.printStackTrace();
}
}
FileWriter该类包含5个构造方法:
new FileWriter(File)
new FileWriter(FileDescriptor)
new FileWriter(String)
new FileWriter(File, boolean)
new FileWriter(String, boolean)
PrintWriter该类有8种构造方法:
PrintWriter pw = null;/*** PrintWriter(String fileName, String csn)
* 创建具有指定文件名称和字符集且不带自动行刷新的新 PrintWriter。如不执行pw.close()则不刷新文件内容
*@paramname
*@paramcode
*@paramemployees*/
public voidwriteData(String name, String code, Employee[] employees){try{
pw= newPrintWriter(name, code);
writeToFile(pw, employees);
pw.close();
}catch(FileNotFoundException e) {//TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}catch(UnsupportedEncodingException e) {//TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}/*** PrintWriter(Writer out, boolean autoFlush)
* 创建新 PrintWriter, flag = true表示能自动刷新,即不执行pw.close()也会自动刷新内容到文件
*@paramwrite
*@paramflag
*@paramemployees*/
public void writeData(Writer write, booleanflag, Employee[] employees){
pw= newPrintWriter(write, flag);
writeToFile(pw, employees);
pw.close();
}private voidwriteToFile(PrintWriter pw, Employee[] employees){
pw.println(employees.length);for(Employee e : employees)
e.writeEmployee(pw);
}