在做通讯录同步的过程中遇到的2个问题
1)配置回调服务时,只配置了get请求,回调地址可以配置成功,但是当用户触发回调行为,微信会发送post请求,服务器会接受不到信息(必须配置GET/POST)。
2)假设企业的接收消息的URL设置为http://xxx.xxx.com。
企业管理员在保存回调配置信息时,企业微信会发送一条验证消息到填写的URL(GET请求),带着4个参数[msg_signature,timestamp,nonce,echostr],通过这四个参数进行验签。
当我们触发了回调行为(POST请求),比如说,修改部门名称。企业微信会发送请求,带着3个参数[msg_signature,timestamp,nonce],跟GET请求不一样,没有echostr参数,它验签的是加密的消息体【Encrpyt】,在接受数据格式中。
msg_signature | String | 企业微信加密签名,msg_signature结合了企业填写的token、请求中的timestamp、nonce参数、加密的消息体 |
timestamp | Integer | 时间戳。与nonce结合使用,用于防止请求重放攻击。 |
nonce |
所以说我们需要将流中xml信息拿到。
代码如下
util
/**
* 微信官方util
*/
public class WXBizMsgCrypt {
static Charset CHARSET = Charset.forName("utf-8");
Base64 base64 = new Base64();
byte[] aesKey;
String token;
String receiveid;
/**
* 构造函数
* @param token 企业微信后台,开发者设置的token
* @param encodingAesKey 企业微信后台,开发者设置的EncodingAESKey
* @param receiveid, 不同场景含义不同,详见文档
*
* @throws AesException 执行失败,请查看该异常的错误码和具体的错误信息
*/
public WXBizMsgCrypt(String token, String encodingAesKey, String receiveid) throws AesException {
if (encodingAesKey.length() != 43) {
System.out.println(encodingAesKey+" "+encodingAesKey.length());
throw new AesException(AesException.IllegalAesKey);
}
this.token = token;
this.receiveid = receiveid;
aesKey = Base64.decodeBase64(encodingAesKey + "=");
}
// 生成4个字节的网络字节序
byte[] getNetworkBytesOrder(int sourceNumber) {
byte[] orderBytes = new byte[4];
orderBytes[3] = (byte) (sourceNumber & 0xFF);
orderBytes[2] = (byte) (sourceNumber >> 8 & 0xFF);
orderBytes[1] = (byte) (sourceNumber >> 16 & 0xFF);
orderBytes[0] = (byte) (sourceNumber >> 24 & 0xFF);
return orderBytes;
}
// 还原4个字节的网络字节序
int recoverNetworkBytesOrder(byte[] orderBytes) {
int sourceNumber = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
sourceNumber <<= 8;
sourceNumber |= orderBytes[i] & 0xff;
}
return sourceNumber;
}
// 随机生成16位字符串
String getRandomStr() {
String base = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789";
Random random = new Random();
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
int number = random.nextInt(base.length());
sb.append(base.charAt(number));
}
return sb.toString();
}
/**
* 对明文进行加密.
*
* @param text 需要加密的明文
* @return 加密后base64编码的字符串
* @throws AesException aes加密失败
*/
String encrypt(String randomStr, String text) throws AesException {
ByteGroup byteCollector = new ByteGroup();
byte[] randomStrBytes = randomStr.getBytes(CHARSET);
byte[] textBytes = text.getBytes(CHARSET);
byte[] networkBytesOrder = getNetworkBytesOrder(textBytes.length);
byte[] receiveidBytes = receiveid.getBytes(CHARSET);
// randomStr + networkBytesOrder + text + receiveid
byteCollector.addBytes(randomStrBytes);
byteCollector.addBytes(networkBytesOrder);
byteCollector.addBytes(textBytes);
byteCollector.addBytes(receiveidBytes);
// ... + pad: 使用自定义的填充方式对明文进行补位填充
byte[] padBytes = PKCS7Encoder.encode(byteCollector.size());
byteCollector.addBytes(padBytes);
// 获得最终的字节流, 未加密
byte[] unencrypted = byteCollector.toBytes();
try {
// 设置加密模式为AES的CBC模式
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/NoPadding");
SecretKeySpec keySpec = new SecretKeySpec(aesKey, "AES");
IvParameterSpec iv = new IvParameterSpec(aesKey, 0, 16);
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, keySpec, iv);
// 加密
byte[] encrypted = cipher.doFinal(unencrypted);
// 使用BASE64对加密后的字符串进行编码
String base64Encrypted = base64.encodeToString(encrypted);
return base64Encrypted;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
throw new AesException(AesException.EncryptAESError);
}
}
/**
* 对密文进行解密.
*
* @param text 需要解密的密文
* @return 解密得到的明文
* @throws AesException aes解密失败
*/
String decrypt(String text) throws AesException {
byte[] original;
try {
// 设置解密模式为AES的CBC模式
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/NoPadding");
SecretKeySpec key_spec = new SecretKeySpec(aesKey, "AES");
IvParameterSpec iv = new IvParameterSpec(Arrays.copyOfRange(aesKey, 0, 16));
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key_spec, iv);
// 使用BASE64对密文进行解码
byte[] encrypted = Base64.decodeBase64(text);
// 解密
original = cipher.doFinal(encrypted);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
throw new AesException(AesException.DecryptAESError);
}
String xmlContent, from_receiveid;
try {
// 去除补位字符
byte[] bytes = PKCS7Encoder.decode(original);
// 分离16位随机字符串,网络字节序和receiveid
byte[] networkOrder = Arrays.copyOfRange(bytes, 16, 20);
int xmlLength = recoverNetworkBytesOrder(networkOrder);
xmlContent = new String(Arrays.copyOfRange(bytes, 20, 20 + xmlLength), CHARSET);
from_receiveid = new String(Arrays.copyOfRange(bytes, 20 + xmlLength, bytes.length),
CHARSET);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
throw new AesException(AesException.IllegalBuffer);
}
// receiveid不相同的情况
if (!from_receiveid.equals(receiveid)) {
throw new AesException(AesException.ValidateCorpidError);
}
return xmlContent;
}
/**
* 将企业微信回复用户的消息加密打包.
* <ol>
* <li>对要发送的消息进行AES-CBC加密</li>
* <li>生成安全签名</li>
* <li>将消息密文和安全签名打包成xml格式</li>
* </ol>
*
* @param replyMsg 企业微信待回复用户的消息,xml格式的字符串
* @param timeStamp 时间戳,可以自己生成,也可以用URL参数的timestamp
* @param nonce 随机串,可以自己生成,也可以用URL参数的nonce
*
* @return 加密后的可以直接回复用户的密文,包括msg_signature, timestamp, nonce, encrypt的xml格式的字符串
* @throws AesException 执行失败,请查看该异常的错误码和具体的错误信息
*/
public String EncryptMsg(String replyMsg, String timeStamp, String nonce) throws AesException {
// 加密
String encrypt = encrypt(getRandomStr(), replyMsg);
// 生成安全签名
if (timeStamp == "") {
timeStamp = Long.toString(System.currentTimeMillis());
}
String signature = SHA1.getSHA1(token, timeStamp, nonce, encrypt);
// System.out.println("发送给平台的签名是: " + signature[1].toString());
// 生成发送的xml
String result = XMLParse.generate(encrypt, signature, timeStamp, nonce);
return result;
}
/**
* 检验消息的真实性,并且获取解密后的明文.
* <ol>
* <li>利用收到的密文生成安全签名,进行签名验证</li>
* <li>若验证通过,则提取xml中的加密消息</li>
* <li>对消息进行解密</li>
* </ol>
*
* @param msgSignature 签名串,对应URL参数的msg_signature
* @param timeStamp 时间戳,对应URL参数的timestamp
* @param nonce 随机串,对应URL参数的nonce
* @param postData 密文,对应POST请求的数据
*
* @return 解密后的原文
* @throws AesException 执行失败,请查看该异常的错误码和具体的错误信息
*/
public String DecryptMsg(String msgSignature, String timeStamp, String nonce, String postData)
throws AesException {
// 密钥,公众账号的app secret
// 提取密文
Object[] encrypt = XMLParse.extract(postData);
// 验证安全签名
String signature = SHA1.getSHA1(token, timeStamp, nonce, encrypt[1].toString());
// 和URL中的签名比较是否相等
// System.out.println("第三方收到URL中的签名:" + msg_sign);
// System.out.println("第三方校验签名:" + signature);
if (!signature.equals(msgSignature)) {
throw new AesException(AesException.ValidateSignatureError);
}
// 解密
String result = decrypt(encrypt[1].toString());
return result;
}
/**
* 验证URL
* @param msgSignature 签名串,对应URL参数的msg_signature
* @param timeStamp 时间戳,对应URL参数的timestamp
* @param nonce 随机串,对应URL参数的nonce
* @param echoStr 随机串,对应URL参数的echostr
*
* @return 解密之后的echostr
* @throws AesException 执行失败,请查看该异常的错误码和具体的错误信息
*/
public String VerifyURL(String msgSignature, String timeStamp, String nonce, String echoStr)
throws AesException {
String signature = SHA1.getSHA1(token, timeStamp, nonce, echoStr);
if (!signature.equals(msgSignature)) {
throw new AesException(AesException.ValidateSignatureError);
}
String result = decrypt(echoStr);
return result;
}
/**验签*/
public boolean verifySign(String msgSignature, String timeStamp, String nonce, String echoStr) {
String signature;
try {
signature = SHA1.getSHA1(token, timeStamp, nonce, echoStr);
if (!signature.equals(msgSignature)) {
return false;
}
} catch (AesException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
System.out.println("成功。。");
return true;
}
/**解密*/
public String decryptQyweixin(String echoStr) {
try {
String text =decrypt(echoStr);
return text;
} catch (AesException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}
}
回调地址(xml转map使用的 是dom4j jar包)
/**
addressToken
encodingAESKey
corpid
是回调地址填写的信息,corpid企业微信ID
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "receive")
@ResponseBody
public String receive(HttpServletRequest request) {
boolean isGet = request.getMethod().toLowerCase().equals("get");
WXBizMsgCrypt wxcpt;
try {
wxcpt = new WXBizMsgCrypt(addressToken,encodingAESKey, corpid);
} catch (AesException e2) {
e2.printStackTrace();
return "fail";
}
if (isGet) {
String result = null;
try {
String msg_signature = request.getParameter("msg_signature");// 微信加密签名
String timestamp = request.getParameter("timestamp");// 时间戳
String nonce = request.getParameter("nonce");// 随机数
String echostr = request.getParameter("echostr");//加密内容
result = wxcpt.VerifyURL(msg_signature, timestamp, nonce, echostr);
if (result == null) {
return "fail";
}
System.out.println(result);
} catch (AesException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
}else{
try {
String msg_signature = request.getParameter("msg_signature");// 微信加密签名
String timestamp = request.getParameter("timestamp");// 时间戳
String nonce = request.getParameter("nonce");// 随机数
String postData = readFromStream(request.getInputStream());
Map<String, String> params = XmlUtils.toMap(postData);
String encrypt = params.get("Encrypt");//消息结构体加密后的字符串
if(!wxcpt.verifySign(msg_signature, timestamp, nonce, encrypt)){
System.out.println("校验错误");
return "fail";
}
String text = wxcpt.decryptQyweixin(encrypt);
if(text==null){
return "fail";
}
Map<String, String> maps = toMap(text);
return "fail";
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return "fail";
}
}
}
/** 读取流 */
private String readFromStream(InputStream inputStream){
if(inputStream == null){
return null;
}
try {
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "UTF-8"));
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
String line;
while (null != (line = reader.readLine())) {
buffer.append(line).append("\n");
}
return buffer.toString();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
} finally{
try {
inputStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
}
}
}
/** XML转Map */
public static Map<String, String> toMap(String xml){
Map<String, String> rest = new HashMap<String, String>();
SAXReader reader = new SAXReader(false);
Document doc;
try {
doc = reader.read(new ByteArrayInputStream(xml.getBytes("UTF-8")));
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
List<Element> els = doc.getRootElement().elements();
for(Element el : els){
rest.put(el.getName(), el.getTextTrim());
}
} catch (DocumentException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return rest;
}