转自:http://www.cnblogs.com/liu-yao/p/5378960.html
环境:
CentOS 7
nginx/1.9.12
Python 2.7.5
一:安装依赖包5
yum install zlib-devel bzip2-devel pcre-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel python-pip -y
二:安装uwsgi
uwsgi:https://pypi.python.org/pypi/uWSGIuwsgi参数详解:http://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.org/en/latest/Options.htmlpip install uwsgi uwsgi --version
三:测试uwsgi是否正常:
新建test.py文件,内容如下:def application(env, start_response): start_response('200 OK', [('Content-Type','text/html')]) return "liuyao"然后在终端运行: uwsgi --http :8080 --wsgi-file test.py 在浏览器内输入:http://127.0.0.1:8080, 看是否有“liuyao”输出,若没有输出,请检查你的安装过程。
四:安装django
pip install django 测试django是否正常,运行: django-admin.py startproject newsite cd newsite python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000在浏览器内输入:http://127.0.0.1:8000,检查django是否运行正常。
五:安装nginx
1.下载 wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.9.12.tar.gz2.解压 tar xf nginx-1.9.12.tar.gz cd nginx-1.9.12.tar.gz3.编译 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx-1.9.12 \ --with-http_stub_status_module \ --with-http_gzip_static_module4.安装 make && make install 注:您可自行改变参数设置,具体请上官网学习,如果已经存在nginx服务,那么此步可省略
六:配置uwsgi
uwsgi支持ini、xml等多种配置方式,但个人感觉ini更方便:
在/ect/目录下新建uwsgi.ini,添加如下配置: [uwsgi] socket = 127.0.0.1:9090 //运行端口号master = true //主进程vhost = true //多站模式no-stie = true //多站模式时不设置入口模块和文件workers = 2 //子进程数reload-mercy = 10 vacuum = true //退出、重启时清理文件max-requests = 1000 limit-as = 512buffer-sizi = 30000pidfile = /var/run/uwsgi.pid //pid文件,用于下面的脚本启动、停止该进程 daemonize = /日志目录/uwsgi.log 启动方式: uwsgi /etc/uwsgi.ini
七:设置nginx
找到nginx的安装目录,打开conf/nginx.conf文件,修改server配置
server { listen 80; //设置网站运行端口 server_name localhost; location / { include uwsgi_params; uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9090; //必须和uwsgi中的设置一致 uwsgi_param UWSGI_SCRIPT newsite.wsgi; //入口文件,即wsgi.py相对于项目根目录的位置,“.”相当于一层目录 uwsgi_param UWSGI_CHDIR /newsite; //项目根目录, index index.html index.htm; client_max_body_size 35m; } }
注:
1.uwsgi脚本
请放在/etc/init.d/uwsgi 设置可执行
DESC="uwsgi daemon"NAME=uwsgi DAEMON=/usr/bin/uwsgi CONFIGFILE=/etc/$NAME.ini PIDFILE=/var/run/$NAME.pid SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAMEset -e[ -x "$DAEMON" ] || exit 0 do_start() {$DAEMON $CONFIGFILE || echo -n "uwsgi running" }do_stop() { $DAEMON --stop $PIDFILE || echo -n "uwsgi not running" rm -f $PIDFILE echo "$DAEMON STOPED."}do_reload() { $DAEMON --reload $PIDFILE || echo -n "uwsgi can't reload"}do_status() { ps aux|grep $DAEMON}case "$1" instatus) echo -en "Status $NAME: \n" do_status ;; start) echo -en "Starting $NAME: \n" do_start ;; stop) echo -en "Stopping $NAME: \n" do_stop ;; reload|graceful) echo -en "Reloading $NAME: \n" do_reload ;; *) echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|reload}" >&2 exit 3 ;;esacexit 0
八:测试
OK,一切配置完毕,在终端运行
/etc/init.d/uwsgi start/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload 或者直接启动 在浏览器输入:http://127.0.0.1,恭喜你可以看到django的“It work”了~
九:多站配置
使用多个uwsgi服务的方法来实现多个站点。
重复第六步,创建uwsgi9091.ini,并相应修改文件中的
socket = 127.0.0.1:9091pidfile = /var/run/uwsgi9091.piddaemonize = /日志目录/uwsgi9091.log
并且设置脚本 启动服务
然后新建nginx的配置文件为:
server { listen 8000; server_name 127.0.0.1; location / { include uwsgi_params; uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9091; uwsgi_param UWSGI_SCRIPT oldsite.wsgi; uwsgi_param UWSGI_CHDIR /web/oldsite; index index.html index.htm; } } 然后我们就可以通过http://127.0.0.1:8000来访问新的网站了。
完毕!
另一篇,转自ALEX:
uwsgi介绍
uWSGI是一个Web服务器,它实现了WSGI协议、uwsgi、http等协议。Nginx中HttpUwsgiModule的作用是与uWSGI服务器进行交换。
要注意 WSGI / uwsgi / uWSGI 这三个概念的区分。
WSGI是一种Web服务器网关接口。它是一个Web服务器(如nginx,uWSGI等服务器)与web应用(如用Flask框架写的程序)通信的一种规范。
uwsgi是一种线路协议而不是通信协议,在此常用于在uWSGI服务器与其他网络服务器的数据通信。
而uWSGI是实现了uwsgi和WSGI两种协议的Web服务器。
uwsgi协议是一个uWSGI服务器自有的协议,它用于定义传输信息的类型(type of information),每一个uwsgi packet前4byte为传输信息类型描述,它与WSGI相比是两样东西。
uWSGI的主要特点如下
超快的性能
低内存占用(实测为apache2的mod_wsgi的一半左右)
多app管理(终于不用冥思苦想下个app用哪个端口比较好了-.-)
详尽的日志功能(可以用来分析app性能和瓶颈)
高度可定制(内存大小限制,服务一定次数后重启等)
Uwsgi 安装使用
# Install the latest stable release:
pip install uwsgi
# ... or if you want to install the latest LTS (long term support) release,
pip install https://projects.unbit.it/downloads/uwsgi-lts.tar.gz
基本测试
Create a file called test.py:
# test.py
def application(env, start_response):
start_response('200 OK', [('Content-Type','text/html')])
return [b"Hello World"] # python3
#return ["Hello World"] # python2
运行
uwsgi --http :8000 --wsgi-file test.py
用uwsgi 启动django
uwsgi --http :8000 --module mysite.wsgi
可以把参数写到配置文件里
root@ubuntu:~/uwsgi-test$ more crazye-uwsgi.ini
[uwsgi]
http = :9000
#the local unix socket file than commnuincate to Nginx
socket = 127.0.0.1:8001
# the base directory (full path)
chdir = /home/alex/CrazyEye
# Django's wsgi file
wsgi-file = CrazyEye/wsgi.py
# maximum number of worker processes
processes = 4
#thread numbers startched in each worker process
threads = 2
#monitor uwsgi status
stats = 127.0.0.1:9191
# clear environment on exit
vacuum = true
启动
/usr/local/bin/uwsgi crazye-uwsgi.ini
Nginx安装使用
sudo apt-get install nginx
sudo /etc/init.d/nginx start # start nginx
为你的项目生成Nginx配置文件
You will need the uwsgi_params file, which is available in the nginx directory of the uWSGI distribution, or from https://github.com/nginx/nginx/blob/master/conf/uwsgi_params
Copy it into your project directory. In a moment we will tell nginx to refer to it.
Now create a file called mysite_nginx.conf, and put this in it:
# mysite_nginx.conf
# the upstream component nginx needs to connect to
upstream django {
# server unix:///path/to/your/mysite/mysite.sock; # for a file socket
server 127.0.0.1:8001; # for a web port socket (we'll use this first)
}
# configuration of the server
server {
# the port your site will be served on
listen 8000;
# the domain name it will serve for
server_name .example.com; # substitute your machine's IP address or FQDN
charset utf-8;
# max upload size
client_max_body_size 75M; # adjust to taste
# Django media
location /media {
alias /path/to/your/mysite/media; # your Django project's media files - amend as required
}
location /static {
alias /path/to/your/mysite/static; # your Django project's static files - amend as required
}
# Finally, send all non-media requests to the Django server.
location / {
uwsgi_pass django;
include /path/to/your/mysite/uwsgi_params; # the uwsgi_params file you installed
}
}
This conf file tells nginx to serve up media and static files from the filesystem, as well as handle requests that require Django’s intervention. For a large deployment it is considered good practice to let one server handle static/media files, and another handle Django applications, but for now, this will do just fine.
Symlink to this file from /etc/nginx/sites-enabled so nginx can see it:
sudo ln -s ~/path/to/your/mysite/mysite_nginx.conf /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
Deploying static files
Before running nginx, you have to collect all Django static files in the static folder. First of all you have to edit mysite/settings.py adding:
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static/")
and then run
python manage.py collectstatic
此时启动Nginx 和Uwsgi,你的django项目就可以实现高并发啦!