今天给大家带来的是队列的基本操作的算法实现，以及相关代码的执行结果，包括初始化、入队、出队、销毁队、清空队、求队长、遍历队等等。把自己写的代码分享给大家，实现方式不唯一，如果大家有更好的算法，欢迎大家一起交流讨论，也欢迎大家在下面评论。
由于普通队列在实现时，采用顺序存储，会浪费掉大量的空间，所以一般在循环队列采用顺序存储，普通队列采用链式存储。
1、代码
2、执行结果
二、链队实现
1、代码
2、执行结果
一、顺序循环队列实现
1、代码
#define MAXQSIZE 20
#include<iostream>
#include<malloc.h>
using namespace std;
typedef struct {
int *base;
int front;
int rear;
}SqQueue;
int InitQueue(SqQueue &SQ) {
SQ.base = (int *)malloc(MAXQSIZE * sizeof(SqQueue));
if (!SQ.base)
{
cout << "空间分配失败" << endl;
exit(OVERFLOW);
}
SQ.front = SQ.rear = 0;
return 1;
}
int EnQueue(SqQueue &SQ, int e) {
if ((SQ.rear + 1)%MAXQSIZE == SQ.front)
{
cout << "队列已满" << endl;
exit(OVERFLOW);
}
SQ.base[SQ.rear] = e;
SQ.rear = (SQ.rear + 1) % MAXQSIZE;
return 1;
}
int DeQueue(SqQueue &SQ, int &e) {
if (SQ.rear == SQ.front)
{
cout << "队列已空" << endl;
return 0;
}
e = SQ.base[SQ.front];
SQ.front = (SQ.front + 1) % MAXQSIZE;
return 1;
}
int DestoryQueue(SqQueue &SQ) {
if (SQ.base)
free(SQ.base);
SQ.base = NULL;
SQ.front = SQ.rear = 0;
return 1;
}
int ClearQueue(SqQueue &SQ) {
SQ.front = SQ.rear = 0;
return 1;
}
int QueueEmpty(SqQueue SQ) {
return(SQ.front == SQ.rear);
}
int QueueLength(SqQueue SQ) {
return (SQ.rear-SQ.front+MAXQSIZE)% MAXQSIZE;
}
int VisitQueue(SqQueue SQ) {
for (int i = 0; i < QueueLength(SQ); i++)
{
cout << SQ.base[(SQ.front + i) % MAXQSIZE];
}
cout << endl;
return 1;
}
void main() {
cout << "顺序结构实现队列操作" << endl;
SqQueue SQ;
InitQueue(SQ);
cout << "刚刚创建的队列长度为：" << QueueLength(SQ);
if (QueueEmpty(SQ))
cout << "，该队列是一个空队列。" << endl;
else
cout << "，该队列不是一个空队列。" << endl;
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
EnQueue(SQ, i);
}
cout << "第一次入队的队列长度为：" << QueueLength(SQ) << endl;
cout << "第一次入队的队列内容为：";
VisitQueue(SQ);
cout << "出队4个元素为：";
int OutQueueElem;
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
{
DeQueue(SQ, OutQueueElem);
cout << OutQueueElem << ",";
}
cout << "\n出队4个元素后队列内容为：";
VisitQueue(SQ);
ClearQueue(SQ);
cout << "清空队列后队列长度为：" << QueueLength(SQ) << endl;
DestoryQueue(SQ);
}
2、执行结果
二、链队实现
1、代码
#include<iostream>
#include<malloc.h>
using namespace std;
typedef struct QNode {//定义队列结点
int data;
struct QNode *next;
}QNode, *QueuePtr;
typedef struct LinkQueue {//定义队列
QueuePtr front;
QueuePtr rear;
}LinkQueue;
int InitQueue(LinkQueue &LQ) {
LQ.front = LQ.rear = (QueuePtr)malloc(sizeof(QNode));//链队列初始化要初始化队头指针和队尾指针。
if (!LQ.front)
{
cout << "空间分配失败" << endl;
exit(OVERFLOW);
}
LQ.front->next = NULL;//将队头指针的后继指向空，完成初始化。
return 1;
}
int EnQueue(LinkQueue &LQ, int e) {
QueuePtr p = (QueuePtr)malloc(sizeof(QNode));
if (!p)
{
cout << "结点分配失败" << endl;
exit(OVERFLOW);
}
p->data = e;
p->next = NULL;
LQ.rear->next = p;
LQ.rear = p;
return 1;
}
int DeQueue(LinkQueue &LQ, int &e) {
if (LQ.front == LQ.rear)
{
cout << "链表为空" << endl;
return 0;
}
QueuePtr p = LQ.front->next;
e = p->data;
LQ.front->next = p->next;
free(p);
return 1;
}
int DestoryQueue(LinkQueue &LQ) {
while (LQ.front)
{
LQ.rear = LQ.front->next;
free(LQ.front);
LQ.front = LQ.rear;
}
return 1;
}
int ClearQueue(LinkQueue &LQ) {
QueuePtr p ,q;
p = LQ.front->next;
LQ.rear = LQ.front;
LQ.front->next = NULL;
while (p)
{
q = p;
p = q->next;
free(q);
}
return 1;
}
int QueueEmpty(LinkQueue LQ) {
return(LQ.front == LQ.rear);
}
int QueueLength(LinkQueue LQ) {
QueuePtr p = LQ.front;
int length = 0;
while (p != LQ.rear)
{
p = p->next;
length++;
}
return length;
}
int VisitQueue(LinkQueue LQ) {
QueuePtr p = LQ.front->next;
while (p != LQ.rear->next)
{
cout << p->data << ',';
p = p->next;
}
cout << endl;
return 1;
}
void main() {
cout << "链式结构实现队列操作" << endl;
LinkQueue LQ;
InitQueue(LQ);
cout << "刚刚创建的队列长度为：" << QueueLength(LQ);
if (QueueEmpty)
cout << "，该队列是一个空队列。" << endl;
else
cout << "，该队列不是一个空队列。" << endl;
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
EnQueue(LQ, i);
}
cout << "第一次入队的队列长度为：" << QueueLength(LQ)<<endl;
cout << "第一次入队的队列内容为：";
VisitQueue(LQ);
cout << "出队4个元素为：";
int OutQueueElem;
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
{
DeQueue(LQ, OutQueueElem);
cout << OutQueueElem << ",";
}
cout << "\n出队4个元素后队列内容为：";
VisitQueue(LQ);
ClearQueue(LQ);
cout << "清空队列后队列长度为：" << QueueLength(LQ)<<endl;
DestoryQueue(LQ);
}
2、执行结果
