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首先root用户登陆-mysql -u root -p

[root@izwz91h49n3mj8r232gqwez usr]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:

输入上面密码成功登陆,如下

[root@izwz91h49n3mj8r232gqwez usr]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3284
Server version: 5.6.42-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

选择库-use mysql;

mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql>

修改指定用户的密码

mysql> UPDATE user SET password=PASSWORD("gaoxinfu") WHERE user='root';
Query OK, 5 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 5  Changed: 5  Warnings: 0

刷新权限后退出

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit;

使用新的密码登录即可;